Texas Contributions to the Confederate Army in the Civil War

 
TEXAS IN THE CIVIL WAR
 
How did Texas CONTRIBUTE to
the war efforts of the
CONFEDERATE ARMY in the Civil
War?
Francis Lubbock
 was elected as
Texas’s first Confederate
governor under Confederate
president Jefferson Davis.
Most everything (post offices,
federal operations) were
converted to Confederate
services.
Texas, and the other 10 Confederate
states demanded that the Union surrender
all federal property, especially military
posts.
Many forts were taken over peacefully
which gave the Confederates much
needed supplies.
Union troops refused to leave Fort Sumter
in Charleston, South Carolina.
Fighting broke out on April 12, 1861, beginning
the Civil War!
Military Strength of Texas
Military Strength of Texas
According to the 1860
census, 92,145 white males
between the ages of 18 and
45 lived in Texas.
Out of those, 
60,000-
70,000 
served as 
volunteers
or soldiers
 in military units.
In 1861 Governor Lubbock
called for more volunteers.
undefined
Military Strength of Texas
32 companies were organized
.
One group of volunteers, known as the
“Texas Brigade”, were sent to Virginia to
fight.
This group was later called
“Hood’s Texas Brigade”
after their commander, John
Bell Hood.
Confederate General
Robert E. Lee later called
this group 
“my Texans”
.
http://cavalry.km.ru/images/shelby.JPEG
undefined
Other units from Texas earned
fame during the Civil War.
Terry’s Texas Rangers
commanded by General Frank
Terry
Ross’s Brigade
 – commanded
by General 
Sul Ross
Military Strength of Texas
Sending Troops to Fight
After all the men who had volunteered to
fight in the war had done so, more were
needed to fight for the Confederacy.
The Confederate started a 
draft 
requiring
men to serve in the army.
This angered many soldiers who had
volunteered. They did not trust those who did
not volunteer.
Men who owned 20 or more slaves were
exempted from the draft.
This really angered many.
Draft – the enlisting of
persons for required
service in the armed forces
General Paul H
é
bert
 enforced
the draft that angered many
Texans.  He was replaced with
General John Magruder, who
commanded the Confederate
forces for the remainder of the
Civil War.
Most of the fighting in Texas centered on
Confederate trying to keep the Gulf Coast
ports open.
Called the “storehouse of the
Confederacy,” 
Texas provided weapons,
food, and horses for the war effort
.
Although 
no major battles were fought in
Texas
, several important events took place
on the coast or near the state’s borders.
Little military action occurred in Texas.
Twice, Union troops tried unsuccessfully
tried to invade Texas.
Most of the fighting was to keep ports open
during the Union navy 
blockade
.
President Lincoln ordered a 
blockade
 of Southern
ports in Texas.
Galveston was one of the most important
ports in Texas.
Union troops captured Galveston Island.
The Confederate troops attacked the Union ships
in the harbor and obtained control of the island.
Blockade – action to stop
transportation of goods or
people into or out of an
area
A significant battle occurred on September
8, 1863, at Sabine Pass, a narrow channel
along the Louisiana border.
Union general Banks planned to move
troops by ship through the pass.
He then wanted to march north to cut off
Texas’s railroad connection to Louisiana.
However, Lieutenant Richard Dowling
stationed his Confederate union along that
same narrow channel
As Union ships steamed into the channel,
Confederate troops fired and sank two of them.
No other Union ships tried to pass through.
Confederate troops were victorious!
General Banks tried again to invade Texas by
sending troops up the Mississippi River and then
the Red River.
A small force of Confederate soldiers defeated
the Union soldiers and forced them to retreat
in 
Mansfield, Louisiana.
 
The 
last battle
 of the Civil War
was fought on May 12, 1865, at
Palmito Ranch
 in South Texas
near Brownsville.
Although the South
(Confederates) had won this
battle, 
they had lost the Civil
War
.
 
MAIN IDEA
 
Texas contributed to Confederate
military efforts by supplying
soldiers to fight in important
battles and defending the Gulf
Coast.
 
Texans’ connection to the South was
strengthened during the Confederacy and
remains strong today.
 
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
WHY IT MATTERS NOW
2
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OBJECTIVES
 
 Describe what life was like in Texas during
  the Civil War.
 
 Analyze the economic effects of the Civil
  War in Texas.
 
 Analyze the social effects of the Civil War
  in Texas.
3
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
No major battles fought in Texas
Texas did not suffer destruction of
war as severely as Virginia,
Tennessee, Georgia, and South
Carolina.
Texans still felt the pain of war.
Texans went to fight in the war.
left their families, jobs, homes
 
THE CIVIL WAR BATTLES IN OR NEAR
THE CIVIL WAR BATTLES IN OR NEAR
TEXAS
TEXAS
 
 
Citizens of Texas faced other
problems
:
tension
 between those who
supported the Confederacy and
those who remained loyal to the
Union
Texas economy suffered
a U.S. blockade reduced sale of farm
products
shortage of basic supplies
made life difficult at home
Even though most Texans
supported the Confederacy,
about ¼ of Texans were against
the succession.
This number grew as the
Confederate army lost battles,
soldiers, soldiers lost limbs, and
people at home faced hardships.
North Texas experienced a great deal of
Union activity.
In 1862 Union supporters in North Texas
formed a secret society called the 
Peace
Party.
This group of Texans were going to secretively
help the Union defeat the Confederates and
Texas.
Some 
vigilantes
 took matters into their
own hands and hung 40 Peace Party
members.
vigilante – a person who
punishes criminals or takes
control without authority to
do so
These hangings stopped Union
activity for months; however,
many Texans that favored the
Union (and Confederate army
deserters) still met.
German Texans were very divided
on the issue and organized the
Union Loyal League
.
This group was followed by 94
Confederate soldiers led by
Lieutenant C.D. McRae.
McRae caught up with the Union
Loyal League group and a fight
occurred.
“Battle of Nueces”
Many Union soldiers were killed,
wounded, or executed later.
Wartime Economy
During the war Texans continued to raise
cotton and cattle; however, the war
greatly affected Texas’s agriculture.
Texans had trouble selling their cotton because
the Union’s blockade on Texas’s ports on the
Gulf of Mexico.
With the men off to fight, many women
took on the man’s work.
farming
working in the post office
factory work
Texas was making 800 weapons a month in Austin
and Tyler
Home Front Hardships
With the blockade stopping the normal flow
of trade goods, many items were in short
supply.
clothing
shoes
paper
some newspapers could not be printed
Medicines and hospital supplies were sent to
the battle lines instead of the towns.
People learned to adapt to these shortages:
honey in place of sugar
herbs in place of medicine
roasted corn or acorns in place of coffee beans
During the war, thousands slaves were
sent to Texas from farms and plantations
in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi.
Slaveholders tried to prevent them from
moving around or be taken away when
the Union army appeared.
Many slaves were accompanied by their
owners, who were usually unhappy at
being forced from their homes.
Very few people thought the war would last
as long as it did.
By the spring of 1865, the war was on its
fourth year.
It seemed certain that the Confederacy
would lose the Civil War.
 On April 9, 1865, Confederate general Robert E.
Lee finally surrendered to Union general Ulysses
S. Grant.
This ended the Civil War.
 
Now that the war was over, Texas – along with the
rest of the nation –faced an uncertain future.
undefined
 
TIMELINE 1860–1865
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
undefined
 
Texas Secedes
Texas Secedes
 
The growing debate over slavery and states’ rights
divided the nation in the early 1860s. In 1861 Texas
became the seventh state to secede from the Union
and join the Confederate States of America.
 
Texans Fight for the Confederacy
Texans Fight for the Confederacy
 
Although no major battles were fought on Texas soil, Texans
contributed to the war by joining the Confederate army,
fighting against Union forces, and defending the Gulf Coast.
 
The Civil War Affects Life at Home
The Civil War Affects Life at Home
 
Texans experienced many hardships during the war.
Tensions arose between Union and Confederate
supporters. A declining economy and a shortage of
basic supplies also made life difficult at home.
undefined
undefined
undefined
undefined
 
Characteristics of a CIVIL WAR
Soldier
 
1.
Patience (Long war) 1861-1865
2.
Loyalty (Fought against family)
3.
Dedication
4.
Strength
5.
Motivation
6.
Devotion
7.
Father
8.
Husband
9.
Young
10.
Farmers
UNION SOLDIER
 
Confederate Soldier
 
Role of African Americans in the
CIVIL WAR
 
1.
Kept uniforms clean and in order
2.
Fought in war on some occasions
3.
Rebuilt railways and factories destroyed
by the Civil War
4.
Worked in factories
5.
Worked in hospitals
undefined
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Texas played a significant role in the Civil War by contributing soldiers to the Confederate Army. Governor Francis Lubbock led the state's efforts, organizing troops and sending units such as Hood's Texas Brigade and Terry's Texas Rangers to fight in key battles. Despite initial resistance to the draft, many Texans enlisted to defend the Confederacy, showcasing the state's military strength and dedication to the cause.


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  1. TEXAS IN THE CIVIL WAR How did Texas CONTRIBUTE to the war efforts of the CONFEDERATE ARMY in the Civil War?

  2. Texans Fight for the Confederacy Section 2 Organizing the Confederacy Francis Lubbock was elected as Texas s first Confederate governor under Confederate president Jefferson Davis. Most everything (post offices, federal operations) were converted to Confederate services.

  3. Organizing the Confederacy Texas, and the other 10 Confederate states demanded that the Union surrender all federal property, especially military posts. Many forts were taken over peacefully which gave the Confederates much needed supplies. Union troops refused to leave Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina. Fighting broke out on April 12, 1861, beginning the Civil War!

  4. Military Strength of Texas Military Strength of Texas According to the 1860 census, 92,145 white males between the ages of 18 and 45 lived in Texas. Out of those, 60,000- 70,000 served as volunteers or soldiers in military units. In 1861 Governor Lubbock called for more volunteers.

  5. Military Strength of Texas Military Strength of Texas 32 companies were organized. One group of volunteers, known as the Texas Brigade , were sent to Virginia to fight. This group was later called Hood s Texas Brigade after their commander, John Bell Hood. Confederate General Robert E. Lee later called this group my Texans . Hood's Brigade battle flag http://cavalry.km.ru/images/shelby.JPEG

  6. Military Strength of Texas Military Strength of Texas Other units from Texas earned fame during the Civil War. Terry s Texas Rangers commanded by General Frank Terry Ross s Brigade commanded by General Sul Ross

  7. General Paul Hbert enforced the draft that angered many Texans. He was replaced with General John Magruder, who After all the men who had volunteered to fight in the war had done so, more were needed to fight for the Confederacy. The Confederate started a draft requiring men to serve in the army. This angered many soldiers who had volunteered. They did not trust those who did not volunteer. Men who owned 20 or more slaves were exempted from the draft. forces for the remainder of the Draft the enlisting of persons for required service in the armed forces commanded the Confederate Sending Troops to Fight Sending Troops to Fight This really angered many. Civil War.

  8. Military Affairs in Texas Most of the fighting in Texas centered on Confederate trying to keep the Gulf Coast ports open. Called the storehouse of the Confederacy, Texas provided weapons, food, and horses for the war effort. Although no major battles were fought in Texas, several important events took place on the coast or near the state s borders.

  9. Little military action occurred in Texas. Twice, Union troops tried unsuccessfully tried to invade Texas. Most of the fighting was to keep ports open during the Union navy blockade. President Lincoln ordered a blockade of Southern ports in Texas. Galveston was one of the most important ports in Texas. Union troops captured Galveston Island. The Confederate troops attacked the Union ships in the harbor and obtained control of the island. Blockade action to stop transportation of goods or people into or out of an area

  10. Other Military Campaigns A significant battle occurred on September 8, 1863, at Sabine Pass, a narrow channel along the Louisiana border. Union general Banks planned to move troops by ship through the pass. He then wanted to march north to cut off Texas s railroad connection to Louisiana. However, Lieutenant Richard Dowling stationed his Confederate union along that same narrow channel

  11. As Union ships steamed into the channel, Confederate troops fired and sank two of them. No other Union ships tried to pass through. Confederate troops were victorious! General Banks tried again to invade Texas by sending troops up the Mississippi River and then the Red River. A small force of Confederate soldiers defeated the Union soldiers and forced them to retreat in Mansfield, Louisiana.

  12. The last battle of the Civil War was fought on May 12, 1865, at Palmito Ranch in South Texas near Brownsville. Although the South (Confederates) had won this battle, they had lost the Civil War.

  13. 2 MAIN IDEA Texas contributed to Confederate military efforts by supplying soldiers to fight in important battles and defending the Gulf Coast. WHY IT MATTERS NOW MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW Texans connection to the South was strengthened during the Confederacy and remains strong today.

  14. 3 OBJECTIVES OBJECTIVES Describe what life was like in Texas during the Civil War. Analyze the economic effects of the Civil War in Texas. Analyze the social effects of the Civil War in Texas.

  15. The Civil War Affects Life at Home The Effects of War Section 3 No major battles fought in Texas Texas did not suffer destruction of war as severely as Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia, and South Carolina. Texans still felt the pain of war. Texans went to fight in the war. left their families, jobs, homes

  16. THE CIVIL WAR BATTLES IN OR NEAR TEXAS

  17. The Effects of War Citizens of Texas faced other problems: tension between those who supported the Confederacy and those who remained loyal to the Union Texas economy suffered a U.S. blockade reduced sale of farm products shortage of basic supplies made life difficult at home

  18. Union Supporters in Texas Even though most Texans supported the Confederacy, about of Texans were against the succession. This number grew as the Confederate army lost battles, soldiers, soldiers lost limbs, and people at home faced hardships.

  19. North Texas experienced a great deal of Union activity. In 1862 Union supporters in North Texas formed a secret society called the Peace Party. This group of Texans were going to secretively help the Union defeat the Confederates and Texas. Some vigilantes took matters into their own hands and hung 40 Peace Party members. do so vigilante a person who punishes criminals or takes control without authority to

  20. These hangings stopped Union activity for months; however, many Texans that favored the Union (and Confederate army deserters) still met. German Texans were very divided on the issue and organized the Union Loyal League. This group was followed by 94 Confederate soldiers led by Lieutenant C.D. McRae. McRae caught up with the Union Loyal League group and a fight occurred. Battle of Nueces Many Union soldiers were killed, wounded, or executed later.

  21. Wartime Economy Wartime Economy During the war Texans continued to raise cotton and cattle; however, the war greatly affected Texas s agriculture. Texans had trouble selling their cotton because the Union s blockade on Texas s ports on the Gulf of Mexico. With the men off to fight, many women took on the man s work. farming working in the post office factory work Texas was making 800 weapons a month in Austin and Tyler

  22. Home Front Hardships Home Front Hardships With the blockade stopping the normal flow of trade goods, many items were in short supply. clothing shoes paper some newspapers could not be printed Medicines and hospital supplies were sent to the battle lines instead of the towns. People learned to adapt to these shortages: honey in place of sugar herbs in place of medicine roasted corn or acorns in place of coffee beans

  23. Refugees During the war, thousands slaves were sent to Texas from farms and plantations in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Mississippi. Slaveholders tried to prevent them from moving around or be taken away when the Union army appeared. Many slaves were accompanied by their owners, who were usually unhappy at being forced from their homes.

  24. The War's End Very few people thought the war would last as long as it did. By the spring of 1865, the war was on its fourth year. It seemed certain that the Confederacy would lose the Civil War. On April 9, 1865, Confederate general Robert E. Lee finally surrendered to Union general Ulysses S. Grant. This ended the Civil War. Now that the war was over, Texas along with the rest of the nation faced an uncertain future.

  25. TIMELINE 18601865 1861 Texans approve secession from the United States 1862 Galveston Island is captured by Union troops 1863 Confederates recapture Galveston 1863 Sam Houston dies 1863 Battle of Sabine Pass takes place 1865General Robert E. Lee surrenders; war ends 1865 Last battle in Texas occurs at Palmito Ranch

  26. Texas Secedes The growing debate over slavery and states rights divided the nation in the early 1860s. In 1861 Texas became the seventh state to secede from the Union and join the Confederate States of America. Texans Fight for the Confederacy Although no major battles were fought on Texas soil, Texans contributed to the war by joining the Confederate army, fighting against Union forces, and defending the Gulf Coast. The Civil War Affects Life at Home Texans experienced many hardships during the war. Tensions arose between Union and Confederate supporters. A declining economy and a shortage of basic supplies also made life difficult at home.

  27. Rating the North & the South

  28. Railroad Lines, 1860

  29. Resources: North & the South

  30. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

  31. Characteristics of a CIVIL WAR Soldier 1. Patience (Long war) 1861-1865 2. Loyalty (Fought against family) 3. Dedication 4. Strength 5. Motivation 6. Devotion 7. Father 8. Husband 9. Young 10. Farmers UNION SOLDIER Confederate Soldier

  32. Role of African Americans in the CIVIL WAR 1. Kept uniforms clean and in order 2. Fought in war on some occasions 3. Rebuilt railways and factories destroyed by the Civil War 4. Worked in factories 5. Worked in hospitals

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