Safety Measures for Growing Microorganisms in the Laboratory

“Do Now”
1.
What occurs in the mitochondria?
2.
Which of the following is true for mitosis?:
 
a.
 all cells produced are genetically identical.
b.
 most cells produced are genetically identical.
c.
All cell vary from each other.
3.
Name a type of prokaryotic cell?
4. What type of cancer is easily spread to other parts of the body?
5. Which type of stem cell can differentiate into the most cells?
 
S
A
 
Respiration
 
Embryonic.
 
 
 
Malignant
 
Bacteria
 
Why is it important to use aseptic techniques when growing or dealing with micro-
organisms?
THINK, PAIR, SHARE
 
Key Words
Antibiotics, Penicillin, Bacteria, Paracetemol, Pathogens,
Virus, Specific, Resistance, Aseptic
Investigating Antibiotics
Year 10
 
 
Success Criteria
You have achieved a Grade 5 if you can:
Describe
 
how to ensure the safe use of microorganisms
 
You have achieved a Grade 6 if you can:
Use aseptic techniques and 
explain
 precautions needed when handling
microorganisms
 
 
You have achieved a Grade 7-9 if you can:
Carry out and 
describe
 aseptic techniques
 
The task for today.
The task for today.
 
 
Practical
 
Growing Microbes safely in the laboratory.
Today you will describe how to grow micro-
organisms safely in your book. You will then
carry out a practical to grow micro-organisms
found in the classroom. You will draw your plate
and label it carefully.
Agar plates and Petri dishes
 
The Petri dish is flat to
give the microbe plenty of
surface to grow on.
 
How do the Petri dish and incubator provide the best
conditions for microbes to grow?
Petri dishes can be
kept in 
incubators
incubators
which help the
microbes to grow.
 
The lid stops unknown
microbes dropping onto the
agar and 
contaminating 
contaminating 
the
culture.
 
Agar
Agar
 is a jelly containing a mixture of 
nutrients
nutrients
 to help the
microbe to grow.
Individual microbes are difficult to see without a
microscope. However, if provided with enough 
FOOD
,
WARMTH
 and 
OXYGEN
 (although some can live without it),
they will rapidly divide to produce a 
COLONY
.
This is clearly visible to the naked eye.
*   
We usually grow microbes in special dishes called PETRI DISHES
which allow air to pass freely in and out but exclude foreign organisms
and their spores.
 
*  We put a jelly-like material called AGAR JELLY in the dishes. The jelly
contains food for the microbes.
 
*  
All the equipment must be sterilized (heated to a high
temperature) to kill any microbes that may already be there.
Colonies and Agar Jelly
Colonies and Agar Jelly
 
In school and college laboratories, 
cultures
cultures
 should
be incubated at a maximum temperature of 25
°C, which greatly reduces the likelihood of
growth of pathogens that might be harmful to
humans.
 
Staphylococcus
 impetigo
Using agar plates.
 
Any micro-organism may grow on these plates,
including pathogenic ones, so there are some
simple safety rules.
 
1.
Do NOT cough or sneeze on the plates.
Droplets containing microbes fly into the air when
people sneeze or cough. The microbes they
contain get into other people if breathed in.
Chicken pox, colds, flu, measles and tuberculosis
are spread like this.
 
Growing bacteria in the laboratory
 
Harmless bacteria can be grown in the laboratory on
agar jelly
The agar gives the bacteria 
food
 and water
The plates containing the agar jelly have to be 
sterile
sterile
that means 
germ-free
The plates are then incubated to make the bacteria
GROW
The task for today.
The task for today.
Watch video and demonstration
 
Aseptic Technique:
 
CORRECT HANDLING TECHNIQUES
Grasp the culture bottle in one hand; remove
the cap with the little finger of the other
hand – do not place the cap on the work
surface.
Flame the mouth of the bottle for 2 or 3
seconds.
Pass the inoculating loop through the flame
until red hot.
Lift the lid of the Petri dish just enough to allow
entry of the inoculating loop.
Secure the lid with adhesive tape. Use two
pieces to fasten the lid, but do not seal all the
way round (this could create anaerobic
conditions and encourage the growth of
possible pathogenic microbes.
Incubate at around 25
o
C (cultures should not
be cultured at 37
o
C as this is an ideal
temperature for the growth of many
pathogenic species.)
Do not open the Petri dish after incubation.
Collect a handout
 
Aseptic Technique
………………….. cultures of microorganism are required for investigating the action of
disinfectants and antibiotics.
For this:
- Petri dishes and culture media must be ……………… before use to kill unwanted
microorganisms
- 
inoculating
 loops used to transfer ………………… to the media must be sterilised by passing
them through a ………..
- the lid of the ……….  ………. should be sealed with adhesive tape to prevent microorganisms
from the  ……… contaminating the culture.
In school and college laboratories, cultures should be ……………………  at a maximum
temperature of  …………… which greatly reduces the likelihood of growth of  ………………..
that might be harmful to humans. In industrial conditions higher temperatures can produce
more  ………… growth.
Missing words
: micro-organisms      flame        Petri dish     pathogens  25°C    sterilised
uncontaminated           air            incubated           rapid
Sterile techniques
Eat while you are doing
microbiological work.
Mix different microbes.
Grow microbes that
you know are harmful.
Open containers to the
air.
Dispose of used cultures in
strong disinfectant.
Label your cultures
carefully.
Decide which are of these are safe or unsafe.
Self Assessment
Self Assessment
 
RULES!
RULES!
Never leave a culture dish open, even for a short time
when viewing colonies of organisms, unless you intend to
destroy it.
 
When it is necessary to open a dish, keep the lid close to
the dish, open it only as far and as long as is necessary to
accomplish the procedure, and keep the lid between your
face (and your germs!) and the agar surface.
 
Before we begin the practical, have you;
 
described how to grow micro-organisms safely in your
described how to grow micro-organisms safely in your
book.
book.
 
explained precautions needed when handling
explained precautions needed when handling
microorganisms and growing them safely.
microorganisms and growing them safely.
 
Self Assessment
Self Assessment
 
The task for today.
The task for today.
Growing bacteria in the laboratory
 
Practical: Growing Bacteria
Draw your plate.
 
 
You can either follow the instructions on your worksheet, and
draw a zig zag on your agar plate, or you can try the
streaking method shown in the video.
 
Remember:
 
Sellotape lid to the base so it cannot come off
 
Incubate plate for at least 48 hours
 
Examine growth of bacteria
 
 
Plenary
Plenary
microbes
 
bacteria
 
fungi
 
Success Criteria
You have achieved a Grade 5 if you can:
Describe
 
how to ensure the safe use of microorganisms
You have achieved a Grade 6 if you can:
Use aseptic techniques and 
explain
 precautions needed when handling
microorganisms
 
 
You have achieved a Grade 7-9 if you can:
Carry out and 
describe
 aseptic techniques
 
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In the laboratory, it is crucial to use aseptic techniques when dealing with microorganisms to prevent contamination and ensure safe growth. Understanding the importance of agar plates, Petri dishes, and incubators in creating optimal conditions for microbial growth is essential. By following proper procedures, students can conduct practical experiments to grow microorganisms safely and observe colonies forming on agar jelly. This practical activity helps students learn about microbiology and the significance of maintaining a sterile environment when working with microbes.


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  1. Do Now S A 1.What occurs in the mitochondria? Respiration 2. Which of the following is true for mitosis?: a. all cells produced are genetically identical. b. most cells produced are genetically identical. c.All cell vary from each other. 3. Name a type of prokaryotic cell? Bacteria 4. What type of cancer is easily spread to other parts of the body? Malignant 5. Which type of stem cell can differentiate into the most cells? Embryonic.

  2. Starter Why is it important to use aseptic techniques when growing or dealing with micro- organisms? THINK, PAIR, SHARE

  3. Year 10 Investigating Antibiotics Key Words Antibiotics, Penicillin, Bacteria, Paracetemol, Pathogens, Virus, Specific, Resistance, Aseptic

  4. Success Criteria You have achieved a Grade 5 if you can: Describe how to ensure the safe use of microorganisms You have achieved a Grade 6 if you can: Use aseptic techniques and explain precautions needed when handling microorganisms You have achieved a Grade 7-9 if you can: Carry out and describe aseptic techniques

  5. The task for today. Practical Growing Microbes safely in the laboratory. Today you will describe how to grow micro- organisms safely in your book. You will then carry out a practical to grow micro-organisms found in the classroom. You will draw your plate and label it carefully.

  6. Agar plates and Petri dishes Agar is a jelly containing a mixture of nutrients to help the microbe to grow. Petri dishes can be kept in incubators which help the microbes to grow. The lid stops unknown microbes dropping onto the agar and contaminating the The Petri dish is flat to give the microbe plenty of surface to grow on. culture. How do the Petri dish and incubator provide the best conditions for microbes to grow?

  7. Colonies and Agar Jelly Individual microbes are difficult to see without a microscope. However, if provided with enough FOOD, WARMTH and OXYGEN (although some can live without it), they will rapidly divide to produce a COLONY. This is clearly visible to the naked eye. * We usually grow microbes in special dishes called PETRI DISHES which allow air to pass freely in and out but exclude foreign organisms and their spores. * We put a jelly-like material called AGAR JELLY in the dishes. The jelly contains food for the microbes. * All the equipment must be sterilized (heated to a high temperature) to kill any microbes that may already be there.

  8. Colonies and Agar Jelly In school and college laboratories, cultures should be incubated at a maximum temperature of 25 C, which greatly reduces the likelihood of growth of pathogens that might be harmful to humans.

  9. http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:ohlqiC_43HM6GM:http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/staph-impetigo.jpghttp://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:ohlqiC_43HM6GM:http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/staph-impetigo.jpg Staphylococcus impetigo

  10. Using agar plates. Any micro-organism may grow on these plates, including pathogenic ones, so there are some simple safety rules. 1. Do NOT cough or sneeze on the plates. Droplets containing microbes fly into the air when people sneeze or cough. The microbes they contain get into other people if breathed in. Chicken pox, colds, flu, measles and tuberculosis are spread like this.

  11. The task for today. Growing bacteria in the laboratory Harmless bacteria can be grown in the laboratory on agar jelly The agar gives the bacteria food and water The plates containing the agar jelly have to be sterile that means germ-free The plates are then incubated to make the bacteria GROW

  12. Watch video and demonstration

  13. Aseptic Technique: Secure the lid with adhesive tape. Use two pieces to fasten the lid, but do not seal all the way round (this could create anaerobic conditions and encourage the growth of possible pathogenic microbes. CORRECT HANDLING TECHNIQUES Grasp the culture bottle in one hand; remove the cap with the little finger of the other hand do not place the cap on the work surface. Lift the lid of the Petri dish just enough to allow entry of the inoculating loop. Flame the mouth of the bottle for 2 or 3 seconds. Incubate at around 25oC (cultures should not be cultured at 37oC as this is an ideal temperature for the growth of many pathogenic species.) Pass the inoculating loop through the flame until red hot. Do not open the Petri dish after incubation.

  14. 8_01195597457

  15. Collect a handout Aseptic Technique .. cultures of microorganism are required for investigating the action of disinfectants and antibiotics. For this: - Petri dishes and culture media must be before use to kill unwanted microorganisms - inoculatingloops used to transfer to the media must be sterilised by passing them through a .. - the lid of the . . should be sealed with adhesive tape to prevent microorganisms from the contaminating the culture. In school and college laboratories, cultures should be at a maximum temperature of which greatly reduces the likelihood of growth of .. that might be harmful to humans. In industrial conditions higher temperatures can produce more growth. Missing words: micro-organisms flame Petri dish pathogens 25 C sterilised uncontaminated air incubated rapid

  16. Self Assessment Sterile techniques Decide which are of these are safe or unsafe. Eat while you are doing microbiological work. Label your cultures carefully. Grow microbes that you know are harmful. Mix different microbes. Open containers to the air. Dispose of used cultures in strong disinfectant.

  17. RULES! Never leave a culture dish open, even for a short time when viewing colonies of organisms, unless you intend to destroy it. When it is necessary to open a dish, keep the lid close to the dish, open it only as far and as long as is necessary to accomplish the procedure, and keep the lid between your face (and your germs!) and the agar surface.

  18. Self Assessment Before we begin the practical, have you; described how to grow micro-organisms safely in your book. explained precautions needed when handling microorganisms and growing them safely.

  19. The task for today. Growing bacteria in the laboratory

  20. Practical: Growing Bacteria Draw your plate. You can either follow the instructions on your worksheet, and draw a zig zag on your agar plate, or you can try the streaking method shown in the video. Remember: Sellotape lid to the base so it cannot come off Incubate plate for at least 48 hours Examine growth of bacteria

  21. Plenary Microbiology

  22. microbes

  23. bacteria

  24. fungi

  25. Success Criteria You have achieved a Grade 5 if you can: Describe how to ensure the safe use of microorganisms You have achieved a Grade 6 if you can: Use aseptic techniques and explain precautions needed when handling microorganisms You have achieved a Grade 7-9 if you can: Carry out and describe aseptic techniques

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