Understanding Roots and Prefixes for Better Vocabulary Comprehension
The reading portion of the ACCUPLACER test intentionally includes unfamiliar vocabulary to test your ability to infer meaning from roots. This guide explains the importance of Greek and Latin roots, provides examples, and offers insights on how to decipher words by understanding roots, prefixes, and suffixes.
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WHY? The reading portion of the ACCUPLACER will purposefully have vocabulary you may The reading portion of the ACCUPLACER will purposefully have vocabulary you may not be familiar with. not be familiar with. This is a test to see if you can infer meaning by the root. This is a test to see if you can infer meaning by the root.
GREEK VS. LATIN Many words in the English language have Greek or Latin origin. Many words in the English language have Greek or Latin origin. Over 60% of English words have a Latin or Greek root. Over 60% of English words have a Latin or Greek root.
IS IT RELEVANT? Great question! Great question! Here are the top three fields where Greek and Latin come in handy: Here are the top three fields where Greek and Latin come in handy: Law Law Medical Medical Science Science
OKAY, SO HOW DO I MAKE MEANING FROM THESE WORDS? Root Root- - central part of a word. central part of a word. Prefix Prefix- - A A prefix prefix is placed at the beginning of a is placed at the beginning of a word to modify or change its word to modify or change its meaning. Pre Pre means means "before. Prefixes may indicate a "before. Prefixes may indicate a location, number, or time. location, number, or time. Suffix Suffix- -The ending part of a word that modifies The ending part of a word that modifies the the meaning of the word. meaning of the word. meaning.
ROOT WORDS Root Root Meaning Meaning Origin Origin Examples Examples -dict- Speak Latin Predict, verdict, dictionary, dictate, diction, contradict -duc-, -duct- To lead, pull Latin Produce, abduct, product, deduce, reduce, induce -dyn-, -dyna- Power Greek Dynamic, dynamite, dynamo, dynasty -flu-, -flux- Flow Latin Influence, fluctuate, confluence, influx -flect-, -flex- To bend Latin Flexible, reflection, deflect, flex -graph-, -gram- To write Greek Polygraph, grammar, biography, autograph, graphic -man-, Hand Latin manual -psych- Mind Greek Psychology, psychologist -pel- To drive Latin Compel, dispel, impel, repel, repellent
PREFIXES Prefix Prefix Meaning Meaning Origin Origin Examples Examples Dis-,dys-, dif- Away, not, negative Latin Dismiss, differ, disallow, Equi- equal Latin Equidistant, equilibrium, E-, ex- Out, away, from Latin Emit, expulsion, exhale Exter-, extra Outside of Latin External, exterior, extracurricular Hetero- Other Greek Heterogeneous, heterosexual Homo- Same Latin/Greek Homogenized, homonym, homophone Hyper- Over, above Latin/Greek Hyperactive, hypersensitive, hyperventilate Hypo- Below, less than Greek Hypotension, hypodermic, hypoglycemia, hypoallergenic Intra- Within, into Latin intravenous
SUFFIX Suffix Suffix Meaning Meaning Origin Origin Examples Examples -Able Forms adjectives and means capable of Manageable, respectable, likeable, flexible -Al Relating to Logical -less Without Homeless, hopeless, tireless -ism Practice Socialism, capitalism, racism -ology Study of Sociology, psychology -phile Love Audiophile, Francophile -ician Someone who works with Beautician, electrician -phone Sound Telephone, phonics, homophone, microphone -ous Having, full of Wondrous, joyous,
PRACTICE Select the answer that most closely matches the definition of the underlined word or Select the answer that most closely matches the definition of the underlined word or phrase as it is used in the sentence. phrase as it is used in the sentence. 1. 1. I had a hard time reading her I had a hard time reading her disorganized disorganized paper. A. neat A. neat B. unsafe B. unsafe C. sloppy C. sloppy D. educated D. educated 2. 2. She has a degree in British Literature, and has visited England yearly for the past She has a degree in British Literature, and has visited England yearly for the past ten years; you could say she is an ten years; you could say she is an Anglophile Anglophile. . A. loves England A. loves England B. Obsessed B. Obsessed C. educated C. educated D. studious D. studious paper.
MAKING MEANING Word Word Prefix/Suffix/Root Word Prefix/Suffix/Root Word Prefix: As- in/on/into Root: -lum- light/bring into light Prefix: per- utterly, through Root: trust ious: with the qualities of Prefix: op- toward/on Root: -lent- loose Definition Definition Asylum Sanctuary; place of refuge Perfidious disloyal opulent Wealthy; lavish
