Techniques for Separating Mixtures: A GCSE Guide

Explore various separating techniques such as chromatography, distillation, filtration, and crystallization for different mixtures in a GCSE science context. Learn how to separate substances like solutes, solvents, liquids with similar boiling points, magnesium, salt, and more. Engage in a challenging task to separate copper from a mixture containing magnesium, salt, water, and copper using common laboratory equipment and chemicals.

• Separation Techniques
• GCSE Science
• Chromatography
• Distillation
• Filtration

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1. Topic Separating techniques Level GCSE (or for students aged 11- 16) Outcomes 1. To select the appropriate separating technique to separate mixtures by chromatography, distillation, fractional distillation, filtration and crystallisation www.thescienceteacher.co.uk | resources for science teachers who like to think

2. What to separate? Best method(s) of separation to use Solute from a solution Solvent from a solution Liquid A from a mixture containing three liquids A, B and C with similar boiling points Magnesium from a mixture of magnesium and salt Salt from a mixture containing salt, sand and water Pure water from a mixture containing salt, sand and water Copper (II) sulphate crystals from a mixture containing copper (II) sulphate and water Different pigments from plant leaves Iron filings from a mixture of sugar, iron and zinc

3. What to separate? Best method(s) of separation to use Solute from a solution Evaporation Solvent from a solution Distillation Liquid A from a mixture containing three liquids A, B and C with similar boiling points Magnesium from a mixture of magnesium and salt Salt from a mixture containing salt, sand and water Pure water from a mixture containing salt, sand and water Copper (II) sulphate crystals from a mixture containing copper (II) sulphate and water Different pigments from plant leaves Fractional distillation Dissolve in water and filter Filtration then Evaporation Distillation Crystallisation Chromatography Iron filings from a mixture of sugar, iron and zinc Use a magnet

4. Challenge! How would you separate copper from a mixture containing magnesium, salt, water and copper? You can use any chemicals and equipment found in the lab.

5. Challenge! 1. Filter to remove water and salt 2. Add dilute acid to react with magnesium 3. Filter again 4. Pure copper will be left