Understanding Nucleotide Biosynthesis and Nucleic Acids

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By
Assist. Prof, Dr. Ali Aldeewan
 
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Pyrimidines and Purines
 
In order to understand the structure and
In order to understand the structure and
properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at
properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at
their structural components.
their structural components.
We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic
We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic
compounds called pyrimidines and purines.
compounds called pyrimidines and purines.
Pyrimidines and Purines
 
In order to understand the structure and
In order to understand the structure and
properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at
properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at
their structural components.
their structural components.
We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic
We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic
compounds called pyrimidines and purines.
compounds called pyrimidines and purines.
Nucleosides
 
The classical structural definition is that a
The classical structural definition is that a
nucleoside is a pyrimidine or purine N-glycoside
nucleoside is a pyrimidine or purine N-glycoside
of 
of 
D
D
-ribofuranose or 2-deoxy-
-ribofuranose or 2-deoxy-
D
D
-ribofuranose.
-ribofuranose.
Informal use has extended this definition to
Informal use has extended this definition to
apply to purine or pyrimidine N-glycosides of
apply to purine or pyrimidine N-glycosides of
almost any carbohydrate.
almost any carbohydrate.
The purine or pyrimidine part of a nucleoside is
The purine or pyrimidine part of a nucleoside is
referred to as a 
referred to as a 
purine or pyrimidine base
purine or pyrimidine base
.
.
Nucleotides
 
Nucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of
nucleosides.
Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP)
 
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) is also called 5'-
adenylic acid.
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Adenosine 3'-5'-Cyclic Monophosphate
(cAMP)
 
Cyclic AMP is an important regulator of many
biological processes.
Nucleic Acids
 
Nucleic acids are polymeric nucleotides
Nucleic acids are polymeric nucleotides
(
(
polynucleotides).
polynucleotides).
5' Oxygen of one nucleotide is linked to the 3'
5' Oxygen of one nucleotide is linked to the 3'
oxygen of another.
oxygen of another.
Fig. 27.22
 
A section of a
polynucleotide
chain.
 
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Exploring the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, essential components for DNA and RNA structures. Delve into the world of pyrimidines, purines, nucleosides, nucleotides, and adenosine derivatives like AMP, ADP, ATP, and cAMP, crucial for various biological processes. Unravel the significance of these molecules in the context of nucleic acids.


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  1. Nucleotide Biosynthesis Nucleotide Biosynthesis (Biosynthesis of Purines & (Biosynthesis of Purines & Pyrimidines) Pyrimidines) By Assist. Prof, Dr. Ali Aldeewan

  2. Pyrimidines and Purines In order to understand the structure and properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at their structural components. We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic compounds called pyrimidines and purines.

  3. Pyrimidines and Purines In order to understand the structure and properties of DNA and RNA, we need to look at their structural components. We begin with certain heterocyclic aromatic compounds called pyrimidines and purines.

  4. Nucleosides The classical structural definition is that a nucleoside is a pyrimidine or purine N-glycoside of D-ribofuranose or 2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose. Informal use has extended this definition to apply to purine or pyrimidine N-glycosides of almost any carbohydrate. The purine or pyrimidine part of a nucleoside is referred to as a purine or pyrimidine base.

  5. Nucleotides Nucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides.

  6. Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate (AMP) Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) is also called 5'- adenylic acid. NH2 N N O N N OCH2 4' HO P O 5' 1' HO 3' 2' HO OH

  7. Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) NH2 N N O O N N OCH2 O HO P P O HO HO HO OH

  8. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) NH2 N N O O O N N OCH2 O HO O P P P O HO HO HO HO OH

  9. Adenosine 3'-5'-Cyclic Monophosphate (cAMP) Cyclic AMP is an important regulator of many biological processes. NH2 N N N N CH2 O O O P O OH HO

  10. Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids are polymeric nucleotides (polynucleotides). 5' Oxygen of one nucleotide is linked to the 3' oxygen of another.

  11. Fig. 27.22 NH2 N 5' OCH2 N O N N NH2 3' O OH OCH2 5' N P O O A section of a polynucleotide chain. N O O O 3' O OH OCH2 5' NH P O N O O O 3' O OH O P O O

  12. For detailed description of this topic, please click on: http://www.easybiologyclass.com/nucleotide-biosynthesis-de-novo-salvage- purine-pyrimidine-nucleotides-cells/

  13. Visit our website: www.easybiologyclass.com for: Lecture notes Video tutorials Biology PPTs Biology MCQs CSIR and GATE Study Materials Job Notifications Question Bank Many more Our sister concern: www.angiospermtaxonomy.com

  14. For more information, please log on to: www.easybiologyclass.com easybiologyclass For video tutorials : Slideshare Download PPT : E-mail: easybiologyclass@gmail.com mail@easybiologyclass.com visit: www.easybiologyclass.com

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