Understanding Process Management and System Monitoring at University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems
Explore the intricacies of process management and system monitoring in the context of CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 at University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems. Learn about processes, process control blocks, process states, process communication, process priority levels, and tools for managing processes in Windows and Linux environments.
- Process Management
- System Monitoring
- CSCI 6175
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley
- Process Control
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University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Instructor Robert C. Jackson Process Management and System Monitoring
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Process is an instance of a computer executable that is being executed, the actual execution of computer instructions. Processes are allocated their own set of resources image of executable, virtual memory space, OS data and code segments, security attributes, processor context, and threads. Process Control Block is a process data structure that keeps track of information regarding processes. Processes Spawned from other processes are known as child processes, the spawning process is the parent process. Processes go thru different states of execution 1) created when loaded into main memory 2) in wait state waiting for scheduler load into a processor 3) in blocked state waiting for user input or other resources 4) back to wait state after user input or resources acquired 5) process terminated upon completion Process to process communication is accomplished by Inter-Process Communication (IPC) mechanisms.
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Process levels Every Windows and Linux process has a priority assigned to it, the higher the number the higher the priority (Win: 0-30, Linux: 0-15). Processes are scheduled by a process scheduler that schedules execution and assigns resources based on the processes priority and scheduling policy. Display process priority levels: - $ ps ef | grep some_process Launch an application with a lower priority: - $ nice -10 some_app Lower the priority of a running process: - $ renice -10 some_running_process Only root can raise the priority of processes: - # renice - -10 some_runnining_proccess
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Windows Process tools: - taskmgr.exe: Windows Task Manager, view, modify and stop processes. Windows SysInternals tools: - handle.exe: displays files and processes that opened them. - procmon.exe: Process Monitor, shows registry and process/thread activity. - in a CMD window type: pslist /? pslist command help - pslist.exe: lists process information.
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Linux Process tools: /proc virtual filesystem holds files corresponding to Kernel state including hardware information and the currently running processes. - open a terminal, type: cat /proc/cpuinfo displays CPU information. - type: cat /proc/meminfo displays memory information. - type: ps aux | less display all processes a page at a time. - type: ps aef | grep more display detailed process info. - type: pstree displays all processes in a hierarchical form. - type: man pgrep displays help for the pgrep command. - type: pgrep u root sshd displays process info for sshd as root user. - type: pkill sshd stop the ssh daemon process. - type: kill -9 PID stop process using Process ID. - type: pkill HUP PID stop process using the SIGHUP (hangup) signal. - type: top observe system processes realtime.
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Linux Signals: Signal Value Action Comment ------------------------------ SIGHUP 1 Term Hangup detected on controlling terminal or death of controlling process SIGINT 2 Term Interrupt from keyboard SIGQUIT 3 Core Quit from keyboard SIGILL 4 Core Illegal Instruction SIGABRT 6 Core Abort signal from abort(3) SIGFPE 8 Core Floating point exception SIGKILL 9 Term Kill signal SIGSEGV 11 Core Invalid memory reference SIGPIPE 13 Term Broken pipe: write to pipe with no readers
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services Service is an application that usually runs in the background offering core OS features and events. An Operating System (OS) is a set of services which allow for the creation, and execution of application and system programs. To observe Windows services: - in a cmd window type: services.msc, observe and scroll the services pane (left). To observe Linux services: - in a terminal window type: chkconfig list | less, observe the services that are listed.
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Process Management and System Monitoring Monitoring and viewing processes and, services To stop Windows services: - in a cmd window type: services.msc, observe and scroll the services pane (left). Right Click on a running service click stop To start Windows services: in a cmd window type: services.msc, observe and scroll the services pane (left). Right Click on a stopped service click start To stop Linux services: - in a terminal window type: chkconfig service_name off, check the service type: chkconfig service_name status, kill running process of service type: service service_name stop. To start Linux services: - in a terminal window type: chkconfig service_name on, check the service type: chkconfig service_name status, start process of service type: service service_name start.
University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Systems Administration Administration CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 CSCI 6175.01 Fall 2016 Q&A
