Sustainable Development and Innovation in Industrial Engineering

 
Agnieszka Ociepa-Kubicka, Katarzyna Rozpondek
 
Creation and development of new products including
Creation and development of new products including
sustainable development
sustainable development
 
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Sustainable development
 is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while
simultaneously sustaining the ability of natural systems to
 
provide the natural resources
and ecosystem services based upon which
 
the economy and society depend.
 
The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resources are used to continue
to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system.
 
Sustainable development 
can be defined as development that meets the needs of the present
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
 
Sustainable Development Goals
 
Source: https://en.unesco.org/sustainabledevelopmentgoals
 
Sustainable development 
is
 the basis of ecological innovations
 
Innovations
 
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The term '
innovation
' refers to creating something new, therefore
 
most often, innovation is
defined as a process consisting of
 
transforming existing possibilities into new ideas and putting
them into practical application.
 
According to the Oslo Manual (the international methodological handbook for statistical surveys of
innovation recommended in OECD and EU countries), innovation is the implementation of:
a new or significantly improved 
product 
(product or service),
a new or significantly improved 
process
,
a new 
marketing
 method or
a new method of 
organization
 in the field of business practices, workplace organization or
relations with the external environment.
 
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User – Driven Innovation 
is based on
the belief that 
consumers (users) 
have
an increasing impact on the commercial
offer available - they participate in the
process of creating the 
products and
services 
they purchase.
 
User – Driven Innovation can be
defined as a 
process of using users'
knowledge to develop new products
and services
.
 
The User – Driven Innovation 
concept focuses
on the 
needs of users (consumers), 
who are
becoming more and more demanding, but
also prefer solutions created individually for
them (users should be understood not only of
individual consumers, but also enterprises and
institutions).
 
It is important to discover 
the hidden needs of
consumers
. They can express their ideas,
concepts and design solutions for products,
and thus be a source of innovation
 
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Under the 
User – Driven Innovation
 concept, two approaches can be identified that
determine the position of the consumer in the innovation process:
 
Consumer voice 
- focuses on discovering the needs of consumers and using their
comments to improve existing products / services on the market
 
Consumer guidance 
- characterized by search and
 
developing new ideas from
consumers
 
Differences between the traditional approach to innovation
and User – Driven Innovation
 
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Watch the video
"What does eco-innovation mean for you?"
 
Source: 
EU Environment,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcMIMUiqVF0
 
Which of the definitions
presented best reflects the
concept of eco-innovation?
Justify your choice.
 
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D
efinition
 of innovation
 generally applies to 
eco-innovation
.
E
co-innovation
,
 
however, 
has two further significant, distinguishing
characteristics:
 It is innovation that reflects the concept’s explicit emphasis on a reduction of
environmental impact, whether such an effect is intended or not.
It is not limited to innovation in products, processes, marketing methods and
organisational methods, but also includes innovation in social and institutional
structures
Eco-innovation
 and its environmental benefits go beyond the conventional
organisational boundaries of the innovator to enter the broader societal
context through changes in social norms, cultural values and institutional
structures.
 
Source:  
SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING
 
AND ECO-INNOVATION
Framework, Practices and Measurement
, 
Synthesis Report
, OECD 2009
 
Dimensions of eco-innovation
 
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Eco-innovation mechanisms
 
Eco-innovation targets
Higher potential
environmental
benefits but more
difficult to co-
ordinate
 
Target
 
Target refers to the basic focus of eco-innovation. Following the Oslo Manual, the
target of an eco-innovation may be:
Products
 
involving both goods and services.
Processes
 
such as a production method or procedure.
Marketing methods
, for the promotion and pricing of products, and other market
 
oriented strategies.
Organizations
, such as the structure of management and the distribution of responsibilities.
Institutions
, which include the broader societal area beyond a single organization's
 
control, such as
institutional arrangements, social norms and cultural values
.
 
Source:  
SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING
 
AND ECO-INNOVATION
Framework, Practices and Measurement
, 
Synthesis Report
, OECD 2009
 
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Mechanism relates to the method by which the change in the eco-innovation target takes
 
place or is
introduced.
It is also associated with the underlying nature of the eco-innovation –
 
whether the change is of a
technological or non-technological character.
Four basic
 
mechanisms are identified:
Modification
, such as small, progressive product and process adjustments.
Re-design
, referring to significant changes in existing products, processes, organisational structures, etc.
Alternatives
, such as the introduction of goods and services that can fulfill the same
 
functional need and
operate as substitutes for other products.
Creation
, the design and introduction of entirely new products, processes, procedures, organizations and
institutions.
 
Source:  
SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING
 
AND ECO-INNOVATION
Framework, Practices and Measurement
, 
Synthesis Report
, OECD 2009
 
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t
 
Impact refers to the eco-innovation’s effect on the environment, across its lifecycle or some
 
other focus
area.
 
Potential environmental impacts stem from the eco-innovation’s target
 
and mechanism and their
interplay with its socio-technical surroundings.
 
Given a specific
 
target, the potential magnitude of the environmental benefit tends to depend on the
eco
-
innovation’s mechanism, as more systemic changes, such as alternatives and creation,
 
generally
embody higher potential benefits than modification and re-design.
 
Source:  
SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING
 
AND ECO-INNOVATION
Framework, Practices and Measurement
, 
Synthesis Report
, OECD 2009
 
Examples of measures of eco
-
innovation research
 
Products and customers at the heart of circular economy loops
collection and
recycling
 
Recycling
collection and
 re-manufacturing
 
Remanufacturing
collection and
redistribution
 
Re-use
fix-it shops,
at-home
maintenance
 
Repair
renting,
symbiosis,
PSS, P2P
models
 
Sharing
 
Design
 
row materials
 
products
 
customers
 
Based on: 
O’Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A.,  Kern O., Giljum S.,
Gözet B.,  Eco-Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from
EU Member States for a product policy framework that contributes to a
circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.
 
Product eco-innovation for the circular economy spans
incremental to systemic change
 
Source:  
O’Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A.,  Kern O., Giljum S.,
Gözet B.,  Eco-Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from
EU Member States for a product policy framework that contributes to a
circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.
CHANGE
 
Framework for monitoring and evaluation of product eco-innovation for the
circular economy
 
T
hree main areas  and associated indicators that effect the circularity of a
product:
Business model: 
factors applied in business models to ensure the full circularity potential
 
of a product
e.g. establishment of take back schemes, application of extended producer
 
responsibility (EPR),
integration of circular product design and production into business
 
models, etc.
Product design and production
: product design and manufacturing elements that
 
influence the
circularity potential of the product from a technical perspective e.g.
 
durability, reparability,
recyclability, type of materials used, efficient production
 
processes in terms of less resources used and
waste produced, etc.
Use and post-consumption: 
consumer behavior elements that contribute towards close looped
product cycles e.g. innovative consumption models, longer use of products,
 
recycling, etc.
 
Source:  
O’Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A.,  Kern O., Giljum S.,  Gözet B.,  Eco-
Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from EU Member States for a product
policy framework that contributes to a circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.
 
Ecoproduct design
 
Ecoproduct design
 
The rapid development of industry has caused the need for greater than before care for the environment
- hence the growing popularity of environmental management systems.
 
Today the s
ustainable, conscious and responsible design applies to e
ach
 industry and 
 to each 
field of
economy.
 
Basic definitions
 
Product design 
means a set of processes transforming legal, technical, safety, functional, market and
other requirements to be met by a given product in the technical specification of that product.
 
Environmental aspect 
means an element or function of a given product that may interact with the
environment during the product's life cycle.
 
Environmental impact
 
means any change in the environment, wholly or partly, resulting from the
operation of a product during its life cycle.
 
Basic definitions
 
The 
product 
life cycle 
means the successive and interconnected stages of a product's life, from the use
of the raw material to the final disposal.
 
Improving the environmental performance 
means the process of improving the environmental
performance of a given product with respect to subsequent generations of the product, although not
necessarily covering all environmental aspects of the product at the same time.
 
Ecodesign 
means taking environmental aspects into account when designing a product 
in order 
to
improve environmental
 issues
 throughout its entire life cycle
.
 
Watch the film
 
Available on youtube
 
How product design can change the world | Christiaan Maats | TEDxUniversityofGroningen
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqeA_psKn2E
 
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Eco design assumes a new approach to the design of a product with special consideration for the
environmental impacts of the product during its whole life cycle. Eco-design is seen as:
 
“The philosophy of designing physical objects, the built environment, and services to comply with the
principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability.”
 
It aims to offer new solutions that are profitable, attractive and which lead to an overall reduction in the
consumption of materials and energy.
 
Based on:  O’Brien M., Miedzinski M., Giljum S., Doranova A., 
Eco-innovation and
Competitiveness
 
Enabling the transition to a resource-efficient circular economy
Annual Report 2013, European Union, 2014.
 
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The first examples of what is now known as eco-design were recorded in the early 1990s,
although more formal steps were taken a few years later.
 
Eco-designing also functions under other names such as:
ecological design,
design for the environment DfE 
,
 
green design,
susta
i
naible product design,
life cycle design
 
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The d
esigning should be prudent, aware, responsible - these are the basic assumptions of 
the 
ecological
desig
n t
hanks to which eco-design ensures development, does not lead to 
its 
destruction, does not
cause enormous damage to 
hu
man and 
to 
the planet.
 
The s
upporters emphasize that you should think about the product in the context of the entire process
of its creation - from the purchase of raw material, through the production and 
the 
us
age
 of the 
ready
product.
 
Improving the quality of life for millions of people should not and does not have to go hand in hand with
the ever-increasing consumption of goods and waste production
.
 
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In practice, however, the
application of the concept
 of
E
co
 
design 
is still rather narrow.
 
The concept of 
eco
 
design
 has
been evolving from a focus on
single aspects of the product, like
energy consumption, to a more
holistic, life-cycle approach.
 
This is a clear link to the circular
economy model as it means that
each phase of the product life
cycle 
(
including raw materials,
production, distribution, use, re-
use, re-manufacturing, recycling
and disposal
)
 is taken into
consideration in the 
design of a
product
.
 
Eco
 
design
 is an early step in
an innovation process that
explicitly aims at developing
an eco-innovative product.
 
Based on:  O’Brien M., Miedzinski M., Giljum S., Doranova A., 
Eco-innovation
and Competitiveness
 
Enabling the transition to a resource-efficient circular
economy
 
Annual Report 2013, European Union, 2014.
 
Selected features of 
eco
 
design
 
Source: https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/eco-design-sustainable-products
 
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FEWER
 
EMISSIONS
They consume less energy
 
during
transport for lower
 
CO2 emissions.
 
MORE EFFICIENT
 
PRODUCTION
They save energy and
 
require fewer
natural
 
resources and raw
materials.
 
HIGHER QUALITY PRODUCTS
Eco-design products are
 
more
versatile and are
 
manufactured
with longer
 
lasting materials.
 
MORE SUSTAINABLE
 
INDUSTRIES
Companies benefit from innovation
 
and
become more committed to the
environment.
 
HAPPIER
 
CONSUMERS
Consumers’ needs are met with
more attractive products that
satisfy an increasingly
 
demanding
public.
 
MARKET DIFFERENTIATION
Sustainable products have
added value hat gives them an
edge over competitors.
 
Source: https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/eco-design-sustainable-products
 
P
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t
 
A product is a collection of physical and non-physical features that
the seller offers and acquires to the buyer, thus accepting the
properties of a given good or service.
 
So the product is everything that can be offered on the market.
That is, every good and service that can be purchased, used or
consumed, thus satisfying human needs. The product can
therefore be exchanged.
 
Each product has specific features that make it stand out from
others. It can be described and named. There are usually many
goods on the market that meet one need but have different
brands and differ in many features (for example, packaging, shape,
size, species or production technology). Therefore, they constitute
separate market products.
 
F
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06
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01
02
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03
03
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R
ecycling
-
 the second life of materials
 
Eco design often uses recycled items, i.e. recycled materials. Recycling is widely used in 
the 
construction
and 
the 
interior design. Arrangements include demolition bricks and wood from demolished buildings,
as well as excavated stones. In the interiors, these materials are extremely fashionable
.
 
They can also be used in the construction of a building.
 
The advantage of using recycled materials is that they are, they do not need to be manufactured, and
thus we do not pollute the environment during 
their production
.
 
Recycling- the second life of materials
 
Nowadays m
any creator
s
 try to meet the principles of eco-design. Often with surprisingly good results.
The Dutch studio Hergebruik (ang. Re-use) gathers artists who create in an ecological way. New objects
are created using old materials and waste.
 
 What seemed useless and worthless turns out to be 
an 
inspirational material. Old bicycle tire, broken
keyboard keys, plywood, banner advertising – 
while 
seeing the results of their work
,
 using these
"rubbish", it
 is
 necessary to redefine the terms "valuable", "worthless", "useful", "useless".
 
In the studio's store, you can find a diverse collection of products and articles, from clothes, bags, lamps,
porcelain to furniture. The understanding and implementation of the terms "re-use", "re-cycle", "re-
make", "re-search" by the artists of this Dutch studio is extremely inspiring.
 
Recycling- the second life of materials
 
The German designer Franziska Wodicka also deals with extending the life of worn objects.
In her shop in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, the artist collects old drawers, creating unique and as she
admits, well-selling furniture.
He assembles the old drawers in new housings constructed of veneer boards or solid wood.
Drawers can be admired in all colo
u
rs and sizes.
The effect is absolutely unpretentious.
 
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c
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a
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t
 
Eco design in art has been used since the beginning of the 20th century.
Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque created collages including from
 the
 used packaging.
Inspirations with eco design are also visible in 
the 
contemporary art.
 
Above all, man
 
For sustainable design, 
the 
man is extremely important in creating products.
 
This is clearly seen in the activities of the California Artecnica studio and their project "design
with conscience". The studio promotes cooperation of leading designers with small, local
craftsmen.
 
 Thanks to this, projects are implemented using environmentally and human-friendly methods
and natural products. The studio sets the bar high: they want to generate a better and more
human world, support local craftsmen and combat child abuse.
 
One of their initiatives is the production of lamps, made by women living in the Río de Janeiro
slums, who can work at home while looking after their children.
 
Watch the film
 
Available on youtube
 
Nature Eco Products documentary
 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBTR6L0zaPA
 
Sustainable design certification
 
There are specific regulations governing eco-design that certify the sustainable products
launched in the market. There are three certifications:
 
Cradle to Cradle (C2C
): this system certifies and fosters innovation in sustainable products across five
critical performance categories: material health, material reutilisation, renewable energy and carbon
management, water stewardship, and social fairness.
ISO 14062: 
this international environmental standard assesses integration of environmental aspects into
product design and development.
ISO 14001
: This standard enables companies to certify their commitment to the environment by
managing the ecological hazards intrinsic to their activities.
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Sustainable development is crucial for meeting human needs while preserving natural resources. Innovations in industrial engineering play a vital role in achieving sustainable development goals. User-driven innovation emphasizes consumer involvement in product creation and customization, leading to more tailored solutions. This comprehensive approach aims to balance economic growth with environmental and social responsibility, ensuring a viable future for generations to come.


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  1. Creation and development of new products including sustainable development Agnieszka Ociepa-Kubicka, Katarzyna Rozpondek Curriculum Development of Master s Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry

  2. Sustainable development Sustainable development is the organizing principle for meeting human development goals while simultaneously sustaining the ability of natural systems to provide the natural resources and ecosystem services based upon which the economy and society depend. The desired result is a state of society where living conditions and resources are used to continue to meet human needs without undermining the integrity and stability of the natural system. Sustainable development can be defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

  3. Sustainable Development Goals Source: https://en.unesco.org/sustainabledevelopmentgoals

  4. Sustainable development is the basis of ecological innovations ENVIROMENT a viable natural environment SOCIAL nurturing community ECONOMIC sufficient economy

  5. Innovations Something better? Something cheaper? Something different? Made elsewhere? What are innovations? Made at another time? Something new?

  6. Innovations The term 'innovation' refers to creating something new, therefore most often, innovation is defined as a process consisting of transforming existing possibilities into new ideas and putting them into practical application. According to the Oslo Manual (the international methodological handbook for statistical surveys of innovation recommended in OECD and EU countries), innovation is the implementation of: a new or significantly improved product (product or service), a new or significantly improved process, a new marketing method or a new method of organization in the field of business practices, workplace organization or relations with the external environment.

  7. User Driven Innovation User Driven Innovation is based on the belief that consumers (users) have an increasing impact on the commercial offer available - they participate in the process of creating the products and services they purchase. The User Driven Innovation concept focuses on the needs of users (consumers), who are becoming more and more demanding, but also prefer solutions created individually for them (users should be understood not only of individual consumers, but also enterprises and institutions). User Driven Innovation can be defined as a process of using users' knowledge to develop new products and services. It is important to discover the hidden needs of consumers. They can express their ideas, concepts and design solutions for products, and thus be a source of innovation

  8. User Driven Innovation Under the User Driven Innovation concept, two approaches can be identified that determine the position of the consumer in the innovation process: Consumer voice - focuses on discovering the needs of consumers and using their comments to improve existing products / services on the market Consumer guidance - characterized by search and developing new ideas from consumers

  9. Differences between the traditional approach to innovation and User Driven Innovation Name Traditional method User-Driven Innovation method A place to create innovation In company In company Outside (support from consulting companies) Purpose of the process Identification of consumer needs Identification of consumer needs Identification of solutions Product development using marketing methods Characteristic Consumer voice Consumer guidance Focus on the product - observation, identification of consumer needs - brainstorm - prototypes and solutions - regular testing and implementation Strategic approach (organization of work using new ways) - providing new experiences to clients and employees - infrastructure development and opportunities to raise an innovation culture Cooperation with the consumer on new ideas: - creating a product-service development platform - company development and initiating the cooperation process on better solutions Searching for innovation leaders or identifying leaders: outside - to prepare prototypes and test and create solutions Segmentation, statistics (consumer surveys regarding their needs) - prototypes - tests Methods / Processes Examples P&G, HP Intel, Electrolux Adidas, Lego Mircorost, 3M

  10. Eco-innovation Watch the video "What does eco-innovation mean for you?" Which of the definitions presented best reflects the concept of eco-innovation? Justify your choice. Source: EU Environment, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcMIMUiqVF0

  11. Eco-innovation Definition of innovation generally applies to eco-innovation. Eco-innovation,however, has two further significant, distinguishing characteristics: It is innovation that reflects the concept s explicit emphasis on a reduction of environmental impact, whether such an effect is intended or not. It is not limited to innovation in products, processes, marketing methods and organisational methods, but also includes innovation in social and institutional structures Eco-innovation and its environmental benefits go beyond the conventional organisational boundaries of the innovator to enter the broader societal context through changes in social norms, cultural values and institutional structures. Source: Framework, Practices and Measurement, Synthesis Report, OECD2009 SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ECO-INNOVATION

  12. Dimensions of eco-innovation Target Mechanism Impact

  13. The typology of eco-innovations Higher potential environmental benefits but more difficult to co- ordinate Institutions Eco-innovation targets Organisations and marketing methods Primarialy non-technical change Processes and products Primarialy non-technical change Modification Re-design Alternatives Creation Eco-innovation mechanisms

  14. Target Target refers to the basic focus of eco-innovation. Following the Oslo Manual, the target of an eco-innovation may be: Products involving both goods and services. Processes such as a production method or procedure. Marketing methods, for the promotion and pricing of products, and other market oriented strategies. Organizations, such as the structure of management and the distribution of responsibilities. Institutions, which include the broader societal area beyond a single organization's control, such as institutional arrangements, social norms and cultural values. Source: Framework, Practices and Measurement, Synthesis Report, OECD2009 SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ECO-INNOVATION

  15. Mechanism Mechanism relates to the method by which the change in the eco-innovation target takes place or is introduced. It is also associated with the underlying nature of the eco-innovation whether the change is of a technological or non-technological character. Four basic mechanisms are identified: Modification, such as small, progressive product and process adjustments. Re-design, referring to significant changes in existing products, processes, organisational structures, etc. Alternatives, such as the introduction of goods and services that can fulfill the same functional need and operate as substitutes for other products. Creation, the design and introduction of entirely new products, processes, procedures, organizations and institutions. Source: Framework, Practices and Measurement, Synthesis Report, OECD2009 SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ECO-INNOVATION

  16. Impact Impact refers to the eco-innovation s effect on the environment, across its lifecycle or some other focus area. Potential environmental impacts stem from the eco-innovation s target and mechanism and their interplay with its socio-technical surroundings. Given a specific target, the potential magnitude of the environmental benefit tends to depend on the eco-innovation s mechanism, as more systemic changes, such as alternatives and creation, generally embody higher potential benefits than modification and re-design. Source: Framework, Practices and Measurement, Synthesis Report, OECD2009 SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING AND ECO-INNOVATION

  17. Examples of measures of eco-innovation research Analysis level Eco-innovation process Eco-innovation potential Country state policy environmental education and awareness international connections technological development ecological awareness scale resource availability Industry the scale of corporate social responsibility and commitment to pro-innovation activities reduction of negative impact on the environment scale of innovation in industry eco-innovation costs benefits of eco-innovation Business marketing cooperation with ecological organizations technological and other benefits reduction of environmental fees innovation costs profits made and other benefits from eco-innovation development opportunities eco-innovative activities Product product changes and improvements changes in manufacturing processes reduction of negative impact on the environment innovation costs profits made and other benefits of eco-innovation opportunities for developing eco-innovative activities

  18. Products and customers at the heart of circular economy loops row materials Design products Sharing renting, symbiosis, PSS, P2P models Repair fix-it shops, at-home maintenance Re-use customers collection and redistribution Remanufacturing Recycling collection and re-manufacturing collection and recycling Based on: O Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A., Kern O., Giljum S., G zet B., Eco-Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from EU Member States for a product policy framework that contributes to a circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.

  19. Product eco-innovation for the circular economy spans incremental to systemic change CHANGE Doing better with less (Sustainable production and consumtion) Doing better (Environmental technologies) Doing more with less (Resource efficiency) Degree of change Clean- up the environment, tipically end-of-pipe type inovations Product Eco-innovation Focus on improving products and processes Focus on providing radically new products and services e.g. repair services and producs from recycled materials e.g. closed loop product service systems Circular economy examples e.g. new recycling technologies Integraating environmental management into business models Adapting and improving business models Business implications New business models Source: O Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A., Kern O., Giljum S., G zet B., Eco-Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from EU Member States for a product policy framework that contributes to a circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.

  20. Framework for monitoring and evaluation of product eco-innovation for the circular economy Three main areas and associated indicators that effect the circularity of a product: Business model: factors applied in business models to ensure the full circularity potential of a product e.g. establishment of take back schemes, application of extended producer responsibility (EPR), integration of circular product design and production into business models, etc. Product design and production: product design and manufacturing elements that influence the circularity potential of the product from a technical perspective e.g. durability, reparability, recyclability, type of materials used, efficient production processes in terms of less resources used and waste produced, etc. Use and post-consumption: consumer behavior elements that contribute towards close looped product cycles e.g. innovative consumption models, longer use of products, recycling, etc. Source: O Brien M., Doranova A., Kably N., Kong M. A., Kern O., Giljum S., G zet B., Eco- Innovation of products: Case studies and policy lessons from EU Member States for a product policy framework that contributes to a circular economy, Biannual Report 2018.

  21. Ecoproduct design

  22. Ecoproduct design The rapid development of industry has caused the need for greater than before care for the environment - hence the growing popularity of environmental management systems. Today the sustainable, conscious and responsible design applies to each industry and to each field of economy.

  23. Basic definitions Product design means a set of processes transforming legal, technical, safety, functional, market and other requirements to be met by a given product in the technical specification of that product. Environmental aspect means an element or function of a given product that may interact with the environment during the product's life cycle. Environmental impact means any change in the environment, wholly or partly, resulting from the operation of a product during its life cycle.

  24. Basic definitions The product life cycle means the successive and interconnected stages of a product's life, from the use of the raw material to the final disposal. Improving the environmental performance means the process of improving the environmental performance of a given product with respect to subsequent generations of the product, although not necessarily covering all environmental aspects of the product at the same time. Ecodesign means taking environmental aspects into account when designing a product in order to improve environmental issues throughout its entire life cycle.

  25. Watch the film Available on youtube How product design can change the world | Christiaan Maats | TEDxUniversityofGroningen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqeA_psKn2E

  26. Eco design Eco design assumes a new approach to the design of a product with special consideration for the environmental impacts of the product during its whole life cycle. Eco-design is seen as: The philosophy of designing physical objects, the built environment, and services to comply with the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability. It aims to offer new solutions that are profitable, attractive and which lead to an overall reduction in the consumption of materials and energy. Based on: O Brien M., Miedzinski M., Giljum S., Doranova A., Eco-innovation and Competitiveness Enabling the transition to a resource-efficient circular economy Annual Report 2013, European Union, 2014.

  27. Eco design The first examples of what is now known as eco-design were recorded in the early 1990s, although more formal steps were taken a few years later. Eco-designing also functions under other names such as: ecological design, design for the environment DfE , green design, sustainaible product design, life cycle design

  28. Eco design The designing should be prudent, aware, responsible - these are the basic assumptions of the ecological design thanks to which eco-design ensures development, does not lead to its destruction, does not cause enormous damage to human and to the planet. The supporters emphasize that you should think about the product in the context of the entire process of its creation - from the purchase of raw material, through the production and the usage of the ready product. Improving the quality of life for millions of people should not and does not have to go hand in hand with the ever-increasing consumption of goods and waste production.

  29. Eco design This is a clear link to the circular economy model as it means that each phase of the product life cycle (including raw materials, production, distribution, use, re- use, re-manufacturing, recycling and disposal) is taken into consideration in the design of a product. Eco design is an early step in an innovation process that explicitly aims at developing an eco-innovative product. The concept of eco design has been evolving from a focus on single aspects of the product, like energy consumption, to a more holistic, life-cycle approach. In application of the concept of Eco design is still rather narrow. practice, however, the Based on: O Brien M., Miedzinski M., Giljum S., Doranova A., Eco-innovation and Competitiveness Enabling the transition to a resource-efficient circular economy Annual Report 2013, European Union, 2014.

  30. Selected features of eco design Fewer materials Manufacturing using fewer materials and less energy. This protects resources and reduces emissions. Easy to recycle Ensuring easy disassembly means using materials that are easily identified, reused or recycled. Use of bio-materials Using a single type of material or a biodegradable material is best, whether natural or a derivative. Lowering emissions Products should be of a suitable size to save material and fuel consumption during transport to reduce CO2emissions. Long-lasting Shapes and sustainable materials should be long-lasting, maximising the useful life of the product. Multipurpose, reusable and recyclable Products should have multiple uses, be suitable for reuse, and be manufactured with recyclable materials. Green message Sustainable design spreads the idea of sustainability with messages intrinsic to the product itself. Innovative Technological innovations can optimise product efficiency and sustainability. Source: https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/eco-design-sustainable-products

  31. Selected benefits of eco design HIGHER QUALITY PRODUCTS Eco-design products are more versatile and are manufactured with longer lasting materials. MORE SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIES Companies benefit from innovation and become more committed to the environment. MORE EFFICIENT PRODUCTION They save energy and require fewer natural resources and raw materials. HAPPIER CONSUMERS Consumers needs are met with more attractive products that satisfy an increasingly demanding public. MARKET DIFFERENTIATION Sustainable products have added value hat gives them an edge over competitors. FEWER EMISSIONS They consume less energy during transport for lower CO2 emissions. Source: https://www.iberdrola.com/social-commitment/eco-design-sustainable-products

  32. Product A product is a collection of physical and non-physical features that the seller offers and acquires to the buyer, thus accepting the properties of a given good or service. So the product is everything that can be offered on the market. That is, every good and service that can be purchased, used or consumed, thus satisfying human needs. The product can therefore be exchanged. Each product has specific features that make it stand out from others. It can be described and named. There are usually many goods on the market that meet one need but have different brands and differ in many features (for example, packaging, shape, size, species or production technology). Therefore, they constitute separate market products.

  33. Features of the new product COST REDUCTIONS NEW-TO-THE-WORLD PRODUCT New products allowing the company to enter the market. Products with similar functions at lower costs. 01 06 NEW CATEGORY PRODUCTS PRODUCT REPOSITIONING 05 02 New products allowing the company to enter the existing market for the first time. Existing products targeted at new markets or new market segments. 04 03 PRODUCT LINE EXTENSIONS PRODUCT IMPROVEMENTS New products complementing the company's existing product lines. New performance or greater perceived value, replacing existing products. products with improved

  34. Recycling- the second life of materials Eco design often uses recycled items, i.e. recycled materials. Recycling is widely used in the construction and the interior design. Arrangements include demolition bricks and wood from demolished buildings, as well as excavated stones. In the interiors, these materials are extremely fashionable. They can also be used in the construction of a building. The advantage of using recycled materials is that they are, they do not need to be manufactured, and thus we do not pollute the environment during their production.

  35. Recycling- the second life of materials Nowadays many creators try to meet the principles of eco-design. Often with surprisingly good results. The Dutch studio Hergebruik (ang. Re-use) gathers artists who create in an ecological way. New objects are created using old materials and waste. What seemed useless and worthless turns out to be an inspirational material. Old bicycle tire, broken keyboard keys, plywood, banner advertising while seeing the results of their work, using these "rubbish", it is necessary to redefine the terms "valuable", "worthless", "useful", "useless". In the studio's store, you can find a diverse collection of products and articles, from clothes, bags, lamps, porcelain to furniture. The understanding and implementation of the terms "re-use", "re-cycle", "re- make", "re-search" by the artists of this Dutch studio is extremely inspiring.

  36. Recycling- the second life of materials The German designer Franziska Wodicka also deals with extending the life of worn objects. In her shop in the Kreuzberg district of Berlin, the artist collects old drawers, creating unique and as she admits, well-selling furniture. He assembles the old drawers in new housings constructed of veneer boards or solid wood. Drawers can be admired in all colours and sizes. The effect is absolutely unpretentious.

  37. Eco design in art Eco design in art has been used since the beginning of the 20th century. Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque created collages including from the used packaging. Inspirations with eco design are also visible in the contemporary art.

  38. Above all, man For sustainable design, the man is extremely important in creating products. This is clearly seen in the activities of the California Artecnica studio and their project "design with conscience". The studio promotes cooperation of leading designers with small, local craftsmen. Thanks to this, projects are implemented using environmentally and human-friendly methods and natural products. The studio sets the bar high: they want to generate a better and more human world, support local craftsmen and combat child abuse. One of their initiatives is the production of lamps, made by women living in the R o de Janeiro slums, who can work at home while looking after their children.

  39. Watch the film Available on youtube Nature Eco Products documentary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBTR6L0zaPA

  40. Sustainable design certification There are specific regulations governing eco-design that certify the sustainable products launched in the market. There are three certifications: Cradle to Cradle (C2C): this system certifies and fosters innovation in sustainable products across five critical performance categories: material health, material reutilisation, renewable energy and carbon management, water stewardship, and social fairness. ISO 14062: this international environmental standard assesses integration of environmental aspects into product design and development. ISO 14001: This standard enables companies to certify their commitment to the environment by managing the ecological hazards intrinsic to their activities.

  41. Thank You Together We Will Make Our Education Stronger https://msie4.ait.ac.th/ @MSIE4Thailand MSIE 4.0 Channel Curriculum Development of Master s Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Thailand Sustainable Smart Industry

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