Managing Non-Communicable Diseases: Role of Health Care Providers
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes mellitus pose significant health challenges globally. This overview delves into the definition, epidemiology, and management strategies of NCDs, emphasizing the critical role of health care providers in addressing these chronic conditions effectively.
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THE ROLE OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS THE ROLE OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN MANAGING IN MANAGING NON NON- -COMMUNICABLE DISEASES COMMUNICABLE DISEASES WHAT, WHY, & WHO WHAT, WHY, & WHO Dr. I.F. Korubo M B . B S , F WA C P, FA C E , F C I A , C o n s u l t a n t P h y s i c i a n / E n d o c r i n o l o g i s t C e r t i f i e d D i a b e t o l o g i s t ( S t . A n d r e w s U n i v e r s i t y, U K ) / F e l l o w, I n s t i t u t e o f c o - o p e r a t i v e A d m i n i s t r a t o r s H o n o r a r y D o c t o r a t e ( L o n d o n B u s i n e s s S c h o o l ) / V P S o u t h - S o u t h D i a b e t e s A s s o c i a t i o n o f N i g e r i a N M A N E C C h a i r m a n , N o n - C o m m u n i c a b l e D i s e a s e s M D, S t . P a t r i c k s H o s p i t a l L t d .
OUTLINE OUTLINE What? What? Definition of Non-Communicable Diseases (N.C.D.) List NCD Brief description of each one Why? Why? Statistics Disease epidemiology, age affected, mortality rate Who? Who? Common management strategies
INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NCD, also known as chronic diseases are not passed NCD, also known as chronic diseases are not passed on from person to person on from person to person They are of long duration and generally may have a They are of long duration and generally may have a slow progression slow progression 4 main types: 4 main types: Cardiovascular diseases Cancers Chronic respiratory diseases (Asthma, COPD, etc) Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY Low income and middle income countries are most affected Low income and middle income countries are most affected About 75% of NCD deaths (28 X 10 About 75% of NCD deaths (28 X 106 6) occur among these group NCDs kill 38 X 106 people each year 16 X 106NCD deaths occur before the age of 70 82% of these premature deaths occurred in low and middle income countries ) occur among these group Cardiovascular disease 17.5 X 106deaths annually Cancers 8.2 X 106deaths annually Respiratory diseases 4 X 106deaths annually DM 1.5 X 106deaths annually
NIGERIA: NIGERIA: W.H.O. FACT FILE IN W.H.O. FACT FILE IN NIGERIA NIGERIA
NIGERIA NIGERIA: W.H.O. FACT FILE IN NIGERIA : W.H.O. FACT FILE IN NIGERIA
NIGERIA NIGERIA: W.H.O. FACT FILE IN NIGERIA : W.H.O. FACT FILE IN NIGERIA
RISK FACTORS RISK FACTORS Global phenomenon Global phenomenon Often associated with older age groups but deaths Often associated with older age groups but deaths are occurring in middle aged and young are occurring in middle aged and young Forces driving these diseases include: Forces driving these diseases include: Globalization Rapid unplanned urbanization Globalization of unhealthy life style
MODIFIABLE BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS MODIFIABLE BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS Tobacco use Tobacco use 6 X 106deaths annually to 8 X 106by year 2030 Physical Inactivity Physical Inactivity 3.2 X 106deaths annually directly attributed to physical inactivity Harmful use of alcohol Harmful use of alcohol 3.3 X 106deaths Poor Diet Poor Diet 1.7 X 106in 2010 deaths due to excess salt usage
RESULTANT EFFECTS OF RISK FACTORS; RESULTANT EFFECTS OF RISK FACTORS; High blood pressure High blood pressure Overweight/ obesity Overweight/ obesity High blood glucose levels High blood glucose levels Dyslipidaemias Dyslipidaemias
SOCIO SOCIO- -ECONOMIC IMPACT OF N.C.D.S ECONOMIC IMPACT OF N.C.D.S NCDs pose a serious threat to the sustainable development NCDs pose a serious threat to the sustainable development goals goals Rapid rise in NCDs is predicted to impede poverty reduction Rapid rise in NCDs is predicted to impede poverty reduction initiatives initiatives The poor get sicker and die sooner than the privileged . The poor get sicker and die sooner than the privileged . exposure to harmful products Unable to access health care Out of pocket expenditure
PREVENTION & CONTROL OF NCDS PREVENTION & CONTROL OF NCDS Health Care Provider (HCP): A doctor of medicine, dentist, nurses, clinical social Health Care Provider (HCP): A doctor of medicine, dentist, nurses, clinical social worker, optometrist, worker, optometrist, etc etc That is authorized to practice by the state and performing That is authorized to practice by the state and performing within the scope of their practice as defined by the state law (Berkeley within the scope of their practice as defined by the state law (Berkeley- - University of California) of California) For the purpose of this discussion, the scope of who a HCP will be widened. For the purpose of this discussion, the scope of who a HCP will be widened. University Anybody, people or establishment involved in providing healthcare for the people Anybody, people or establishment involved in providing healthcare for the people should be classified and are classified as HCP. This will include; should be classified and are classified as HCP. This will include; Policy makers Regulatory authorities Financing bodies Agencies involved in infrastructure development- town planning People involved in oversight functions People involved in direct patient care
A COMPREHENSIVE A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH IS NEEDED IN PREVENTING NCDS APPROACH IS NEEDED IN PREVENTING NCDS INVOLVING ALL SECTORS INVOLVING ALL SECTORS Health Finance Education Agriculture Parliament
TARGET OF PREVENTION TARGET OF PREVENTION risk factors associated with NCDs MAP he epidemics of NCDs and their risk factors Primary health care approach (strategize early detection and timely treatment) Health public policies that promote NCDs prevention Health care system requires re-orientation ********** Health insurance scheme Practicable & realizable
STATE EFFORT STATE EFFORT NCD desk officers NCD desk officers Data collection/ collation Data collection/ collation State focus point/ officer State focus point/ officer tax on tobacco sale and alcohol Domicile NCDs at office of the Deputy Governor and SSG Better urban planning that takes health into consideration Global approach N.M.A. N.M.A.
NATIONAL EFFORT NATIONAL EFFORT Nigeria: NCD control Nigeria: NCD control programme WORKSHOP: WORKSHOP: non non- -communicable diseases prevention policies communicable diseases prevention policies in Africa (ANPPA) final project report; in Africa (ANPPA) final project report; Took place on 27thSeptember 2016 at Abuja programme Joint conduct of the analysis of Joint conduct of the analysis of National NMA National NMA committee on NCDs committee on NCDs (Chairman, Dr. I.F. Korubo) National executive council National executive council
W.H.O. EFFORTS W.H.O. EFFORTS 2011 2011 of NCDs of NCDs 2013 2013 2020 2018 U.N. general assembly- third high level meeting on NCDs to take stock of national progress in attaining the voluntary global targets Global action plan for prevention and control Global action plan for prevention and control 2020 deaths from NCDs by 25% by 2025
CONCLUSION CONCLUSION The NCDs affect The NCDs affect o our development as a nation directly ur development as a nation directly and indirectly and indirectly If we are to achieve sustainable development goals If we are to achieve sustainable development goals then we must honestly tackle NCDs then we must honestly tackle NCDs
