Overview of Laboratory Animals and Their Uses in Biomedical Research
Laboratory animals play a crucial role in biomedical research, serving as models for studying various conditions affecting humans and animals. They must thrive in controlled conditions and are used to test hypotheses and drugs. Commonly used lab animals include rodents, lagomorphs, canines, felines, ovines, caprines, avians, non-human primates, reptiles, and more. Selection of species depends on the target population for experiment inference, with considerations for eventual projection onto humans. Animals can be classified based on bacterial load as conventional, germ-free, or specific pathogen-free. Various species are used at different stages of research, with mice, rats, and other small animals typically used for initial screening.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
AGB 610 Laboratory Animal Breeding UNIT I Laboratory Animals and their uses Lecture - 1 Dr K G Mandal Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding Bihar Veterinary College, Patna Bihar Animal Sciences University, Patna
Laboratory Animals ?: Animals which can breed and thrive well under controlled environmental conditions. Animals which can serve as a model of biomedical research for various infectious and non-infectious conditions occurring in man and animals. Examples: Mice can be used as standard model for the study of Vitamin B12 deficiency. Use of rats as standard model for the study of nutritional deficiency. Use of guinea pigs for the study of Vitamin C deficiency.
Use of rabbits for the study of reproduction, tuberculosis and Pasteurelosis. Use of Hamsters for the study tumors and cancer. A laboratory animal is that animal on which some hypothesis or drugs are tested which does not any way become helpful in improvement in the quality of animal itself. Types of laboratory animals: Any animal including man can be considered as lab animal if satisfies the following conditions i.e., Can breed and thrive well in confinement under controlled environmental conditions. Can serve as a standard model for the study of biomedical research.
Commonly used lab animals : Sl. No. Class or order Species 1. Rodents Mouse, Rat, Guinea pig, Hamster and Ferret 2. Lagomorphs Rabbits 3. Canine Dog 4. Falines Cat 5. Ovies Sheep 6. Caprines Goat 7. Avians Fowl, Japanese quail, Pigeons etc. 8. Amphibia Frog and Toad 9. Fish Zebra fish 10. Non-human primates Monkeys and Apes 11. Reptiles Snakes and lizards 12. Flies and insects Fruit fly (Drosophila), house fly, tribolium, Coackroach, etc. 13. Molusca Snails 14. Worm Earth worm
Selection or choice of species : The most important factor in selection of species is the target population on which inference of any experiment is to be drawn. When result of any experiment is to be projected on human being, serious consideration is to be given on selection of animals. The experiment should be continued if results are satisfactory. Initially mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and hamsters should be used for screening. If results are satisfactory, then the experiment can be extended on dogs or non-human primates like monkey & apes.
Classification of laboratory animals : On the basis of bacterial load they carry, the laboratory animals can be classified into following three categories: i) Conventional lab animals (CV) ii) Germ Free Animals (GF) iii) Specific Pathogen Free animals (SPF) Use of laboratory animals in the field of biomedical research: 1. Reproductive biology 2. To study the nutritional deficiency 3. To study the deficiency of vitamins
4. Diagnosis of bacterial and viral infection 5. Tissue transplantation and cancer research 6. Testing of drugs 7. Production of clone and transgenic animals 8. Toxicity study 9. To study the principles of genetics and breeding 10. To test the pregnancy in woman 11. Production of anti-sera 12. To study the efficacy of vaccine, sera, toxins and antigens 13. Assay of insulin and other hormones
Conclusion : Reliability and reproducibility of the results of biomedical experiment depends on the use of standard, genetically uniform and well defined lab animals in the clean and healthy environment and standard management practices. The use of substandard animals of unknown origin, unknown nutritional and microbial status may lead in the production of unreliable and un-reproducible results.
