Understanding Comparative and Superlative Adjectives: M. Shah Hamzei Farzanegan High School
Learn how comparative and superlative adjectives are used to compare objects in English language. Find out the rules to form the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives based on the number of syllables, spelling changes, and exceptions. Improve your English language skills with practical examples and guidelines provided by the teacher at M. Shah Hamzei Farzanegan High School.
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COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES TEACHER :M.SHAH HAMZEI FARZANEGAN HIGHSCHOOH 1
Comparatives & Superlatives Comparatives Superlatives Superlatives are used to show the difference between more than two objects. Comparatives are used to show the difference between two objects.
To make the comparative form of adjectives (like 'bigger' or 'more expensive') and the superlative form (like 'biggest' or 'most expensive'), first we need to know how many syllables are in the adjective.
Adjectives with one syllable Comparatives Superlatives Usually if an adjective has only one syllable, we add 'er' to make the comparative form. We add 'est' to make the superlative form. small smaller young younger small smallest young youngest
There are some spelling changes. If there is one vowel followed by one consonant at the end of the adjective, we often double the consonant. wet wetter / wettest big bigger / biggest hot hotter / hottest thin thinner / thinnest
If the adjective ends in 'e', we don't add another 'e', just 'r'. wise wiser /wisest nice nicer / nicest large larger / largest If the adjective ends in 'y', this often changes to 'i'. dry drier / driest funny funnier/funniest happy happier/ happiest angry angrier /angriest busy busier/ busiest
There are a few adjectives that we have to use 'more' or 'most' with, even though they only have one syllable. We CAN'T add 'er' or 'est'. fun more fun / most fun (NOT funner / funnest) real more real / most real (NOT realer / realest) right more right / most right (NOT righter / rightest) wrong more wrong / most wrong (NOT wronger / wrongest)
Adjectives with two syllables Comparatives Superlatives With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more. peaceful more peaceful pleasant more pleasant careful more careful thoughtful more thoughtful With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the superlative with most. peaceful most peaceful pleasant most pleasant careful most careful thoughtful most thoughtful
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with - er and -est and with more and most. clever cleverer /more clever gentle gentler/more gentle friendly friendlier/more friendly quiet quieter/more quiet simple simpler /more simple narrow narrower/ more narrow
Irregular Adjectives Exceptions: There are also some irregular adjectives. We just need to learn these forms. good better / best bad worse / worst far further / furthest farther / farthest little less / least many &much more / most
AS + ADJECTIVE + AS To compare people, places, events or things, when there is no difference, use as+ adjective +as Peter is 24 years old. John is 24 years old. Peter is as old as John. A tiger is as dangerous as a lion. Not As ... As In informal English, the following construction is often used: not as + form of adjective+ as He is not as clever as his brother.
The ant is smaller than the hippo. The elephant is fatter than the giraffe. The girl is happier than the duck.
The butterfly is small The butterfly is more beautiful than the frog. The ant is the smallest The elephant is the heaviest. The airplane is the most expensive.
