Understanding Gases in the Earth's Atmosphere

Chemistry
 
GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers of the Atmosphere
Troposphere – Where our weather occurs
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1 % Argon
.03% Carbon Dioxide
Studies in Ice Cores can show ancient atmosphere
on Earth.
Water Vapor
Considered a greenhouse gas
Humidity
Keeps Earth at a relatively constant temperature
1 – 3% water vapor is average  for Earth.
Changes in Atmospheric
Composition- [CO
2
] Increase
 
Human
Anthropogenic CO
2
 increase
Burning Fossil Fuels
Driving cars
Factories
Cutting down rain forests
 
Natural
Volcanic eruptions
Fires
Decomposition
Layers of the Atmosphere
Our atmosphere changes in interesting ways as it
increases in altitude.
Closest to the Earth: Trophoshere
Stratophere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere – Farthest away, closest to Space
Layers of the Atmosphere
 
Our Atmosphere changes in 3
ways:
Temperature
Air Pressure [mmHg]
Mass of Air
Today we will only graph the temperature changes with
altitude.
Skill Building Activity - Excel
Click on Programs on the Windows Icon
Click the Microsoft Office 2013 icon
Click on the green Excel Icon
Follow the instructions on the paper after Mrs. McAllister
does a quick Demo.
Air in our Atmosphere
Air has Matter
Air exerts Pressure
Demo – Balloon with Vanilla
Air Pressure is measured by a Barometer – 1 atm
At sea level  1 atm = 100 kPa = 760 mmHg
What happens when you increase in elevation?
How can a change in air pressure predict our weather?
Do the Math
Barometric Pressure reads 27.2” Hg
What is the atmospheric Pressure in 
mmHg
, as a
result, Predict the weather.  Given: 1” = 25.4 mm
1” = 25.4 mm x 27.2“ Hg = 690 mmHg
What is the atmosphereic Pressure in , as atm?
1 atm 
= 
760 mmHg 
 =  .90 atm
 X        = 690 mmHg
What is the atmospheric Pressure in kPa?
  1 atm 
  = 
100 kPa 
=  90 kPa
.90 atm  =  X  kPa
Computer Simulation Activity
Google.com
pHET - Chemistry
Practice running each of the 3 simulations:
States of Matter
Balloons & Buoyancy
Gas Properties
Take notes on what you learned for each one.
Project
 
– Solutions to our Pollution
.25 Credits  Paper – 2 pages
Air Pollution can be dangerous for health reasons & to the
environment.
Research a current event within  the last year that discusses the
dangers of air pollution.
Example: China’s Air quality
What is causing China’s pollution?
How long has it been going on?
Why is it a problem?
How did it get so bad?
What are three possible steps toward a  solution?
Works Cited
Chemistry in the Ces in ommunity, p. 300 – 333, 2006, W.H. Freeman
Co.
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Explore the composition and layers of the Earth's atmosphere, including the significance of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. Learn how human activities impact atmospheric composition and how changes in temperature and pressure affect weather predictions. Discover the role of air pressure in weather forecasting and the measurement of atmospheric pressure using a barometer. Dive into the dynamics of the Earth's atmosphere and its implications for climate change.


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  1. Chemistry GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE

  2. Layers of the Atmosphere Troposphere Where our weather occurs 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 1 % Argon .03% Carbon Dioxide Studies in Ice Cores can show ancient atmosphere on Earth.

  3. Water Vapor Considered a greenhouse gas Humidity Keeps Earth at a relatively constant temperature 1 3% water vapor is average for Earth.

  4. Changes in Atmospheric Composition- [CO2] Increase Human Anthropogenic CO2increase Burning Fossil Fuels Driving cars Factories Cutting down rain forests Natural Volcanic eruptions Fires Decomposition

  5. Layers of the Atmosphere Our atmosphere changes in interesting ways as it increases in altitude. Closest to the Earth: Trophoshere Stratophere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Farthest away, closest to Space

  6. Layers of the Atmosphere

  7. Our Atmosphere changes in 3 ways: Temperature Air Pressure [mmHg] Mass of Air Today we will only graph the temperature changes with altitude.

  8. Skill Building Activity - Excel Click on Programs on the Windows Icon Click the Microsoft Office 2013 icon Click on the green Excel Icon Follow the instructions on the paper after Mrs. McAllister does a quick Demo.

  9. Air in our Atmosphere Air has Matter Air exerts Pressure Demo Balloon with Vanilla Air Pressure is measured by a Barometer 1 atm At sea level 1 atm = 100 kPa = 760 mmHg What happens when you increase in elevation? How can a change in air pressure predict our weather?

  10. Do the Math Barometric Pressure reads 27.2 Hg What is the atmospheric Pressure in mmHg, as a result, Predict the weather. Given: 1 = 25.4 mm 1 = 25.4 mm x 27.2 Hg = 690 mmHg What is the atmosphereic Pressure in , as atm? 1 atm = 760 mmHg = .90 atm X = 690 mmHg What is the atmospheric Pressure in kPa? 1 atm = 100 kPa = 90 kPa .90 atm = X kPa

  11. Computer Simulation Activity Google.com pHET - Chemistry Practice running each of the 3 simulations: States of Matter Balloons & Buoyancy Gas Properties Take notes on what you learned for each one.

  12. Project Solutions to our Pollution .25 Credits Paper 2 pages Air Pollution can be dangerous for health reasons & to the environment. Research a current event within the last year that discusses the dangers of air pollution. Example: China s Air quality What is causing China s pollution? How long has it been going on? Why is it a problem? How did it get so bad? What are three possible steps toward a solution?

  13. Works Cited Chemistry in the Ces in ommunity, p. 300 333, 2006, W.H. Freeman Co.

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