Understanding Rhetoric and Persuasion Techniques
Rhetoric is the art of effective speaking and writing, encompassing persuasion techniques like PATTR analysis, Aristotelian appeals (Pathos, Logos, Ethos), and understanding speaker-audience dynamics. Logos appeals to logic, Ethos to ethics, and Pathos to emotions, with an important focus on audience engagement and message delivery in persuasive communication.
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Rhetoric is the study of effective speaking and writing and the art of persuasion. Persuasion
P.A.T.T.R. Rhetorical Analysis
PATTR is a strategy used to analyze and identify persuasion within writing. Students should memorize this acronym to help with understanding rhetorical devices used within any writing. What is PATTR?
P-Purpose A-Audience T-Theme T-Tone R-Rhetorical Devices PATTR stands for
Aristotelian Appeals: Persuasion, according to Aristotle and the many authorities that would echo him, is brought about through three kinds of proof (pistis) or persuasive appeal: Pathos- Emotional appeal Logos- Logical appeal Ethos- Ethical appeal Question: What appeals did the author use persuade the audience? P-Purpose
Logos Appeals to the head using logic, numbers, explanations, and facts. Through Logos, a writer aims at a person's intellect. The idea is that if you are logical, you will understand. Example- Wilkins is unqualified, because she does not meet the age requirement. P-Purpose
Ethos Appeals to the conscience, ethics, morals, standards, values, principles. Example- Wilkins is best, because she is the most honest and caring. P-Purpose
Pathos Appeals to the heart, emotions, sympathy, passions, sentimentality. Example- Wilkins is best, because she has overcome hardship. P-Purpose
Question- Who is the speaker addressing? A-Audience
Question 1- What is the message the speaker is presenting to the audience? Question 2- What does the speaker have to say about the message? T-Theme
Question- What are the details that contribute to the tone of the writing? (diction, word choice, syntax, etc.) T-Tone
Question- What are the rhetorical devices that were used? (rhetorical questions, call to action, etc.) R-Rhetorical devices
Juxtaposition is a poetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit: The apparition of these faces in the crowd:/Petals on a wet, black bought ( In a Station of the Metro by Ezra Pound). R-Rhetorical devices
Parallel structure (parallelism) refers to a grammatical or structural similarity between sentences or parts of a sentence. It involves an arrangement of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased: He was walking, running, and jumping for joy. R-Rhetorical devices
Repetition is a device in which words, sounds, and ideas are used more than once for the purpose of enhancing rhythm and creating emphasis: . . . government of the people, by the people for the people . . . R-Rhetorical devices
Anecdotes, Stories, Metaphors These cast an issue in a favorable or unfavorable light, or can highlight or suppress certain aspects. They work by suggesting a likeness between a character and the listener, or a situation and the listener's. What is emphasized or suppressed is key. R-Rhetorical devices
A rhetorical question is a question which expects no answer. It is used to draw attention to a point and is generally stronger than a direct statement: If Mr. Ferchoff is always fair, as you have said, why did he refuse to listen to Mrs. Baldwin s arguments? R-Rhetorical devices
DUE DATE: March 23rd Read the following speeches: 1.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/jessicalynchopenin gstatement.htm 2.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/nelsonmandelainau guralspeech.htm 3.http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/philknightjoepatern omemorial.htm - Choose one to analyze. Use your PATTR analysis sheet. - Be able to discuss each of the speeches. TOPIC: Qualities of a Hero PreAPASSIGNMENT
