Importance of Citation in Academic Writing
Proper citation is crucial in academic writing to allow readers to easily verify sources, ensure consistent formatting, establish writer credibility, and prevent plagiarism. Using the APA format, citations should be included both in-text and in a Works Cited page. Failure to cite sources can lead to severe consequences like failing assignments or even expulsion from school.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
*STORY( Fiction & Non-Fiction) with Academic Citation Based on: Swales, Feak (2014): Academic Writing for College Students, University of The Philippines, Diliman Campus and IELTS Press (2015)
CITATION 1. cites specific sources to support claims Essay & Stories CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Id-f-12 2. uses appropriate critical approaches Essay & StoriesCS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Id-f-16 3. applies the principles of writing effective reviews and critiques - Essay and Stories- CS_EN11/12A- EAPP-Id-f-17
*RECAP: What did you Learn last time?
*Activity: Q & A: What do you remember about citation? Why is it important? What style is most appropriate for academic writing?
*Why Use Citation? *Allows readers to cross- reference your sources easily *Provides consistent format within a discipline *Gives you credibility as a writer *Protects you from plagiarism
*Academic honesty and integrity! *Proper citation of your sources can help you avoid plagiarism, which is a serious offense. It may result in anything from failure of the assignment to expulsion from school. *Avoiding Plagiarism
*Academic Paper Format APA (American Psychological Association) - used in social sciences, such as psychology and education and natural sciences
Sources used to write a paper are acknowledged in two different places within the paper: 1.As in-text citations within the text of the paper 2.In the Works Cited page at the end of the paper . *Citation Locations
Example: The study provided no significant findings regarding the relationship of gender and communication skills in research classes. Source: Johnson, Thomas and Arlene Maiden. Studies in College. New York: McGraw- Hill. 2003. Print. (p 34) Quote (no incorporation in text) APA: in research classes (Johnson & Maiden, 2003, p. 34). 9
*Parenthetical Citations Multiple Authors *2 authors cite both names separated by & Example: (Rubin & Roessler, 2002, p. 127) *3-5 authors cite major author s first time; after first time, use et al. Example: (Chan et al., 20) *6 or more authors cite first author s name and et al. Example: (Rosenthal et al., 1992, p 23)
APPLICATION: Write the required citation. 1. The study on correlation between IQ and EQ, the result is significant. Source: Acar, Bryant. Studies in College. New York: McGraw- Hill. 2016. Print. (p 28) 2. The conclusion of Herdwin study, states that, depression is potentially caused by emotional deprivation which starts at home. Source: Duterte, Rodrigo. Depression Starts at Home. Davao City: Matina Bookstore.2016.Print. (p 82)
*Online Sources Template APA: Author. (Year, Month[use n.d. if not given]). Article or page sub-title. Major Publication Title, volume or issue number (if available). Retrieved fromhttp://url. Examples: 2013 Fall Term Comparison. Enrollment Management 2013 Reports. Retrieved from http://prtl.uhcl.edu/portal/page/portal/PRV/Enrollment- Management/images/Enrollment%20and%20SCH-Fall%2013%202- Yr%2010242013 %20final.pdf APA: Department of Enrollment Management. (2013,October). 12
Examples: Try to cite the following website in APA 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP). 3. About Teen Pregnancy, Title: Teen Pregnancy 4. CDCP 5. accessed: June 19 2014. 6. Web, created: Oct. 27, 2013. 7. Vol 5 1. http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy/aboutteenpreg.htm
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP). (2013, October). About Teen Pregnancy. Teen Pregnancy. Vol. 5. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ teenpregnancy/aboutteenpreg.htm.
*Guides in Story Review
P l o t How effective is the opening? Are you drawn in to the action or it a slow-burner. Is there sufficient conflict to keep you reading? A story without conflict isn t a story at all. Do you feel the central conflict of the story within the first page? If a short story, are the conflicts resolved adequately? For a novel all must be tied up by the end. Is the plot believable? This is subjective but a subject for discussion. Does each scene contribute to the plot? Move the story forward? Pace: Does tension of the story move you along at a comfortable pace? Race, leaving questions and confusions? Dray because of unnecessary info., tangents, or plan wordiness
C h a r a c t e r Do the characters seem real? Strike familiar chords? Can you visualize what they look like? Does the dialogue match the characters? Add dimension? Sound like natural speech? Is there too much? Too little? Does the dialogue give background material that should be in narrative? Can you tell who is speaking or acting at any given time?
P o i n t o f V i e w In fiction, point of view may be first person (the protagonist s point of view), restricted third person (told in third person but from the protagonist s point of view), or omniscient (the author looking down on the scene and able to get into everyone s head). Does the point of view remain consistent? A first person narrator cannot know what s in other heads. If using restrictive third person, sections of a novel (less frequently a short story) may be from differing characters point of view, but sections must remain consistenly with the chosen character. S e t t i n g Are settings adequately described? Believable? Can you see them?
T e c h n i c a l M a t t e r s Format: correct use of paragraphs, spacing, etc. Readable font. Clarity and strength of language weakened by overuse of adjectives and adverbs. Show versus tell. Action is stronger and more vivid than telling. Style conventions: Referencing and source acknowledgement in non-fiction, formatting dialogue, tagging, etc. Flow. Important in both fiction and non-fiction. Here s Wordsworth: Authors must build good fences. If readers find a gate open they ll wander through.
Sample: A critique of the short story A Good Man is Hard to Find Thesis O Connor s succeeds to bring out his arguments in this short story to sum up the feeling that in today s world, societal morals and values have drastically crumbled making the world an inhabitable place.
Introduction The author presents his main theme of fate by bringing the reader to a family s holiday which is unfortunately brought to a sudden end by a murder (O Connor 36). The grandmother argues that the family should go to Tennessee instead of Florida. Her insistence makes the family to deviate from the right path in an attempt to look for a fake treasure. The rebelliousness the family exhibits is a sign of moral decadence. The grandmother s decision makes the family appear like it admires the Misfit. At the beginning of the story, the author illustrates clearly that the family was to suffer in the hands of Misfit. O Connor effectively uses characterization in this story. He uses symbolism to show how the morals of a society have been destroyed (O Connor 36).
Discussion In the story A Good Man Is Hard to Find , the author features the grandmother as a central character. Her character is evidently presented in the story as a very pushy persona who dearly loves herself to an extent of being myopic (O Connor 36). Similarly, the author paints her as an authoritative and manipulative person. This is confirmed when she manages to push the family to reschedule its plan. Her mean character is noticeably shown when she wants to visit the house she used to live in when she was young. Following her conversation with her son Bailey, the old woman tries to pressure him to change his plan to her advantage. Her character is the same up till the end of the story (Getz 234).
OConnor extensively uses characterization to bring out lack of respect and poor discipline in America s society. The message in his story can be understood from differences that subsist between the old and young generations (O Connor 36). The grandmother in the story symbolizes the old generation. The author describes how the old lady clothes herself such that even if a misfortune occurs, any person could easily recognize that she was a female because of her dressing. In the past, there were good morals. The children could respect the elder people and everybody in the society would reinforce such behavior all the time (Getz 234). However, the grandchildren are immoral and undisciplined. The author through his employing of characterization elements shows that Misfit is a product of crumbled values and culture devoid of demeanor. However, Misfit seems to be respectful in a way especially when he uses polite words like Maam .
The author strongly backs up his theme by titling the story A Good man is hard to find . He uses personalities like Misfit to support it. This propping up is evidenced by the use the grandchildren and Jesus. In the story, the old woman says that she could go with her children anywhere and could give answer to her consciousness if possible. Finally, this lady comes into a situation where she tries to give answers to her conscience by frustratingly assuming that Misfit is not a bad person. Misfit on the other hand insists that indeed he is a bad person (O Connor 36). Misfit compares himself to Jesus where he says that Jesus suffered for other people s sins just the same way he got punished for mistakes he never did. The theme that a good man is hard to find undoubtedly refers to Jesus. This is because Misfit tries to compare himself to Jesus but he finally commits a murder. The old woman s shaky faith in Jesus is over. By Jesus not delivering her shows that indeed a good man is hard to find.
Conclusion The author ultimately does well to bring to the reader s attention how the world is changing from being a good to a bad place (O Connor 36). By use of characterization and symbolism he clearly shows the various vices in the society which are making the world a bad place. The author also uses the theme of the story a good man is hard to find to show that if people would accept Jesus in their lives then the world could be a good place just like in the past. This is because people would acquire good morals, be respectful and also practice discipline in everything they do.
Works cited Getz, Lorine, Nature and Grace in Flannery O'Connor's Fiction, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 2000. O Connor, Flannery, A Good Man Is Hard To Find, Chicago: Rutgers University Press. 2009.Read more at: https://www.essaythinker.com/samples/a-critique-of-the- short-story-a-good-man-is-hard
*APPLICATION/ASSIGNMENT READ THE ESSAY OF JONATHAN SWIFT ENTITLED THE MODEST PROPOSAL - MAKE 1000 WORDS CRITIQUE PAPER, - COMPUTERIZED, DOUBLE SPACED, SHORT BOND PAPER - VERDANA, 12 SIZE FONT. - WRITE YOUR NAME IN THE TOP MOST - SEARCH FOR ATLEAST 2 REVIEWS AS YOUR SUPPORTING CRITIQUE - PROVIDE APPROPRIATE CITATION
