Understanding Thermal Energy and Heat Transfer in Physics
Measurement conversion of temperature to Celsius and Kelvin, explanation of temperature as kinetic energy, internal energy in gases, types of heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation), thermal conductivity, energy transfer through glass windowpane, and cost estimation of energy loss. Explore the intricate world of thermal physics.
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Presentation Transcript
The temperature in this classroom is about 73oF. What is that in Celsius? Kelvin? Celsius: 22.8oC Kelvin: 295.93 K
When measuring Temperature, what exactly are we measuring about the substance? Temperature is the measurement that relates to the average Kinetic Energy of a particle i.e. the motion of the particles. ?? =1 2? ?2=3 2???
Total Energy in a gas (Internal Energy) is the total Kinetic Energy of all the gas particles. ? = ?? = ??? =3 2???? =3 2??? =3 2??
3 types of Heat (Thermal Energy Exchange) Conduction heat transfer through physical contact of objects Relies on the vibrational motion of the molecules of the solid Convection The movement of hot and cold materials, mainly fluids, due to the differences in densities Responsible for Continental Drift, weather patterns Radiation Transfer of energy through light. How the energy from the sun reaches earth. Does not require a physical medium to travel through.
Thermal Conductivity: k L A
TC TH L A ? ?= ? =?? ? ?
A glass (k=0.8) windowpane in a home is 0.62 cm thick and has dimensions of 1.0 m x 2.0 m. On a cold day, the indoor temperature is 25oC and the outdoor temperature is 0oC. a)What is the rate at which energy is transferred by heat through the glass? b)How much energy is lost by heat through the window in one day (assuming the temperatures stay the same inside and out)? c)1 kWhr is 3600000 J and on average costs about 13.2 cents. How much money is wasted to the lost heat over the course of a year?
