Understanding Stoichiometry for Chemical Reactions
Learn about stoichiometry, the process of converting known quantities of substances into unknown quantities using balanced equations. Discover the importance of mole ratios and how to apply them in stoichiometric calculations. Practice solving stoichiometry problems with real-world examples.
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Presentation Transcript
What is stoichiometry? stochio = Greek for element metry = measurement Converting a known quantity of one substance into an unknown quantity of another substance using a BALANCED EQUATION Interpreting a balanced equation: N2+ 3 H2 2 NH3 Coefficients represent moles or representative particles. (We will use moles) 1 mole N2 + 3 moles H2yields 2 moles NH3
Mole Ratios Heart of stoichiometry; must be used in EVERY calculation you do Ratio of any two substances from balanced equation Example: N2+ 3 H2 2 NH3
Write all mole ratios for: 3 NO2+ H2O 2HNO3+ NO
Analogy Think of a balanced equation as a recipe. Ex: Making a turkey and cheese sandwich 2 slices of bread + 3 slices of turkey + 1 slice of cheese 1 sandwich How could you make two sandwiches? How could you make of a sandwich?
Stoichiometry Question 1 4NH3+ 5O2 6H2O + 4NO How many moles of H2O are produced if 2.00 moles of O2are used?
Stoichiometry Question 2 4NH3+ 5O2 6H2O + 4NO How many moles of NO are produced in the reaction if 15 mol of H2O are also produced?
4 NH3 + 5 O2 6 H2O + 4 NO MOLE RATIO MOLE RATIO (coefficients)
Stoichiometry Question 3 4 NH3 + 5 O2 6 H2O + 4 NO How many grams of H2O are produced if 2.2 mol of NH3 are combined with excess oxygen? MOLE RATIO MOLE RATIO (coefficients) (NH3) (H2O)
Stoichiometry Question 3 4 NH3 + 5 O2 6 H2O + 4 NO How many grams of H2O are produced if 2.2 mol of NH3 are combined with excess oxygen?
Stoichiometry Question 4 4 NH3 + 5 O2 6 H2O + 4 NO How many grams of NO are produced if 12 g of O2 is combined with excess ammonia?
Moving along the stoichiometry path We always use the same type of information to make the jumps between steps: Molar mass of x Molar mass of y grams (x) moles (x) moles (y) grams (y) Mole ratio from balanced equation
Practice! Try these on your own - 4 NH3 + 5 O2 6 H2O + 4 NO a) How many moles of H2O can be made using 1.6 mol NH3? b) What mass of NH3 is needed to make 0.75 mol NO? c) How many Liters of NO can be made from 47 g of NH3?
