Understanding Montesquieu's View on Democracy and Law
Montesquieu, a notable French nobleman and influential figure in Western culture, delved into essential aspects of democracy, liberty, and separation of powers. Through his works like "The Spirit of Laws," he emphasized the importance of laws in societies and the relationship between laws and various objects. He highlighted the significance of democracy, suffrage laws, and the role of legislators in governing a nation. Montesquieu's perspective on liberty focused on the power to act according to one's will, without being constrained. Explore his ideas further to grasp his profound insights on governance and individual rights.
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Presentation Transcript
OVE R VIE W Mo nt esquieu Law Essent ial aspec t s o f demo c r ac y Liber t y S epar at io n o f po wer s (wit hin and bet ween
MONT ESQUIEU (1 6 8 9 -1 7 5 5 ) Cl assic al l y educ at ed Fr enc h no bl eman S at ir ized west er n c ul t ur e and t he Ro man Catho l ic Chur c h Avid f o l l o wer o f Jo hn Lo c ke
LAW Laws ar ise when individual s ent er int o so c iet ies Law o f nat io ns Po l itic al l aw Civil l aw Laws ar e simpl y spec if ic
THE SPIRIT OF LAWS The spir it of l aws c o nsist s in t he r el at io nships o f t he l aws t o var ious o bj ec t s To unde r s t and a l aw, it is nec es s ar y t o l ook up t he spec if ic c ir c umst anc es t hat
ESSENTIAL S Demo c r ac y Laws t hat best o w and r egul ate the r ight to suf f r age The peo pl e ar e c o mpet ent eno ugh t o dec ide who t o r epr esent t hem In a demo c r ac y, suf f r age OF
ESSENTIAL S Demo c r ac y Dir ec t o r indir ec t c ho ic e o f l egisl at or s The division o f the po pul ac e int o ef f ec t ive el ec t o r al dist r ic t s A f ixed number of po sitions in the publ ic assembl ies OF
ESSENTIAL S Demo c r ac y Int r igue Keeps t he peo pl e abr east o f publ ic af f air s (c o mbats apathy) Mo der at e equal it y Vir tue Pr ec isel y bec aus e the aut ho r s o f t he l aw wil l OF
ON LIBERT Y l iber t y c an c o nsist o nl y in the po wer of do ing what we o ught t o wil l , and in no t being c o nst r ained t o do what we o ught no t t o wil l -Mo nt esquieu
ON LIBERT Y Liber ty do es no t c o nsist in do ing what ever a per so n want s It c o nsist s in do ing what o ne o ught to do Liber t y is a r ight o f do ing whate ver the
ON CHECKS Bal anc es AND Bet ween S t at es Co nf eder ac y Wit hin S t at es Mixed Co nst it ut io n e.g. Engl ish go ver nment
REL IGIOUS To l er anc e Mo nt esquieu was no t a str ic t advo c ate o f the separ at ion o f Chur c h and S t at e He did advo c at e t hat per mit t ing c er t ain r el igions sho ul d be ac c o mpanied by
