Understanding Marginalisation, Minority Communities, and Social Disadvantages
Marginalisation refers to the exclusion of individuals or communities from the mainstream society due to various factors like language, customs, or religion. Adivasis face increasing marginalisation due to misconceptions and resistance to change. Safeguards in the Constitution protect minority communities from cultural domination and discrimination. Economic and social marginalisation are interconnected, affecting development and social status. Muslims, for example, are often considered a marginalised community due to inadequate amenities and low literacy rates.
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QUESTION & ANSWER 1. 1. Write in your own words two or more sentences of what you understand by the Write in your own words two or more sentences of what you understand by the word marginalisation . word marginalisation . The word marginalisation simply means exclusion from the mainstream. Marginalisation of any community or a person can be because of many reasons like Speaking a different language, Following different customs, Belonging to different religious group from the majority community etc. Marginalisation is linked to experiencing disadvantage, prejudice, poverty and powerlessness. It is a complex phenomenon which results into a low social status, not having equal access to education and other resources.
QUESTION & ANSWER 2. 2. List two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly marginalized. List two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly marginalized. The two reasons why Adivasis are becoming increasingly marginalized are: People often wrongly believe that Adivasis are exotic, primitive and backward Adivasis are often blamed for their lack of advancement as they are believed to be resistant to change or new ideas 3. 3. Write one reason why you think the Constitution s safeguards to protect minority Write one reason why you think the Constitution s safeguards to protect minority communities are very important? communities are very important? The Constitution's safeguards to protect minority communities are very important because these will protect them from being culturally dominated by the majority as well as to guard them against any discrimination and other disadvantages. Besides, these safeguards protect cultural diversity, promote equality and justice for all.
QUESTION & ANSWER 4. 4. Re Re- -read the section on Minorities and Marginalisation. What do you understand read the section on Minorities and Marginalisation. What do you understand by the term minority? by the term minority? Minority is the term which means the communities which are small in number in comparison to the communities which are more in number. For example, Muslims are in minority in comparison to Hindus. 5. 5. Would you agree with the statement that economic and social marginalisation are Would you agree with the statement that economic and social marginalisation are interlinked? Why? interlinked? Why? Yes, economic and social marginalization are interlinked. If minorities are marginalized economically they will be deprived of benefits of economic development like jobs, better income etc. When there is no economic development, the minorities could not develop socially, remain backward and discriminated on the basis of caste/ religion etc.
QUESTION & ANSWER 6. 6. You are participating in a debate where you have to provide reasons to You are participating in a debate where you have to provide reasons to support the following statement: Muslims are a support the following statement: Muslims are a marginalised community . Using the data provided in this chapter, list two reasons community . Using the data provided in this chapter, list two reasons that you would give. that you would give. Two reasons in support of the statement "Muslims are a marginalized community": Muslims are deprived of basic amenities like water electricity Literacy rate of Muslims is lowest (59%) as compared to other religious groups marginalised
QUESTION & ANSWER 7. 7. Imagine that you are watching the Republic Day parade on TV with a Imagine that you are watching the Republic Day parade on TV with a friend and she remarks, Look at these friend and she remarks, Look at these tribals they seem to be dancing all the time . List three things that you would they seem to be dancing all the time . List three things that you would tell her about the lives of Adivasis in India. tell her about the lives of Adivasis in India. The three things I would tell a friend about the Adivasis in India would be: Lives of Adivasis are actually very rich but people seem to know very little about their lives; They live close to or inside forests and follow simple lifestyle; They are usually shown in colorful costumes, headgear and dancing; Often people wrongly believe that Adivasis are exotic, primitive, backward and resist to change. tribals. They look so exotic. And . They look so exotic. And
QUESTION & ANSWER 8. 8. Why do we need safeguards for minorities ? Why do we need safeguards for minorities ? Safeguards for minorities are needed mainly to protect such communities against the possibility of being culturally dominated by the majority as well as to guard them against any discrimination and disadvantage that they may face. These safeguards are in order to ensure that the people of the minority communities can maintain their cultural distinctiveness while having access to rights, development and other opportunities. 9. 9. Name the states of India where Tribal people have been living. Name the states of India where Tribal people have been living. Tribal people have been living mostly in the sates like - Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, and West Bengal and in the North Eastern states of Arunachal Pradesh, Asam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram and Nagaland and Tripura.
QUESTION & ANSWER 10. 10. What is Ghettoization ? What is Ghettoization ? Ghetto is a locality which is populated largely by members of a particular community. Ghettoization is the process that leads to such a situation. 11. 11. Who are Adivasis ? Why are they called exotic or backward ? Who are Adivasis ? Why are they called exotic or backward ? Adivasi literally means an Original Inhabitant . They are the communities who lived, and often like to live in close association with forests. Often Adivasis are wrongly called exotic or backward because some people think that Adivasis are immune to modern advancements, economic developments etc. and also resist to change or new ideas. 12. 12. In your opinion, why is it important that Adivasis should have a say in how the forest In your opinion, why is it important that Adivasis should have a say in how the forest and forest lands are used ? and forest lands are used ? Adivasis should have a say in how the forest and forest lands are used because they are the people who have been associated with forest for centuries, have in-depth knowledge about forests and so, are directly affected by the government decisions regarding forest matters.
QUESTION & ANSWER 13. 13. Explain at least three different reasons why groups may be Explain at least three different reasons why groups may be marginalised Groups may be marginalized due to (i) They speak different languages; (ii) They follow different customs; and (iii) They are poor and minority 14. 14. Why was Why was Dadu Dadu forced to leave his village in Orissa? forced to leave his village in Orissa? Dadu was forced to leave his village in Orissa because companywallas (organizations) took his land for mining iron ore there 15. 15. List five products that you use at home that come from the forest. List five products that you use at home that come from the forest. Fruit, timber, Lac, Honey, Gum Fruit, timber, Lac, Honey, Gum 16. 16. By whom were the following demands being made on forest land? By whom were the following demands being made on forest land? timber for construction of houses and railways; forest land for mining; forest land for agriculture by non-tribal people; reserved by government as wildlife parks In what ways would this affect tribal people? In what ways would this affect tribal people? The demands mentioned above were made by British government in India. This would The demands mentioned above were made by British government in India. This would affect the establishment of tribal people on forest land. The affect the establishment of tribal people on forest land. The tribals move to other places where they would not get jobs easily. move to other places where they would not get jobs easily. marginalised. . tribals would be forced to would be forced to
QUESTION & ANSWER DO IT YOURSELF 17. 17. What languages do What languages do tribals tribals speak? speak? 18. 18. Where do they live? Where do they live? 19. 19. Do they migrate to other regions? If so, for what? Do they migrate to other regions? If so, for what? 20. 20. In your own city or village, who would you think are the marginalized groups? In your own city or village, who would you think are the marginalized groups? Discuss. Discuss. 21. 21. Can you name some Can you name some Adivasi Adivasi communities that live in your state? communities that live in your state?
