Understanding Latency in Sentinel-1A Standard Products

The provided information delves into the latency definitions and averages related to ESA Sentinel-1A Standard Products. It covers the different product types, including Extra Wide (EW), Interferometric Wide (IW), and Wave (WV), detailing the average latencies at various stages in data processing. Latencies from ESA Data Hub to NSG ingest time and PDR creation are discussed, along with total latency calculations. The overview sheds light on the time delays involved in the processing of Sentinel-1A data products.

• Sentinel-1A
• Latency Definitions
• ESA Data Hub
• Standard Products
• Data Processing

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1. Copernicus Sentinel Data Products Copernicus Sentinel Data Products downloaded by the NASA Sentinel downloaded by the NASA Sentinel Gateway (NSG) Gateway (NSG) LANCE UWG June 21, 2023 evelyn.l.ho@nasa.gov

2. Latency Definitions Avg ESA Latency : Time delta between end of sensing time and publication time at the ESA Data Hub Avg NSG Latency : Time Delta between publication time at the ESA Data Hub and NSG ingest Time Avg PDR Latency: Time delta between NSG ingest time and PDR creation time Total Latency : Sum total of above latency components Latency times are in minutes. Averages are based on the last 30-days (May 15 to June 16, 2023).

3. Sentinel-1A Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency L1 Extra Wide (EW) Standard Ground Range Detected (GRD) Medium Resolution EW_GRDM_1S 111.1 8.28 0.48 119.85 L2 EW Ocean EW_OCN__2S 113.74 9.19 0.45 123.37 L0 EW EW_RAW__0S 88.1 7.43 0.37 95.89 L1 EW Simple Look Complex (SLC) EW_SLC__1S 84.05 10.7 0.39 95.14 L1 Interferometric Wide (IW) GRD High Resolution IW_GRDH_1S 181.72 10.04 0.54 192.31 L2 IW Ocean IW_OCN__2S 189.3 11.79 0.53 201.62 L0 IW IW_RAW__0S 141.07 8.46 0.44 149.97 L1 IW SLC IW_SLC__1S 193.34 11.69 0.47 205.5 L1 GRD High Resolution, beam 1, S1_GRDH_1S 156.06 10.52 0.6 167.17 L2 Ocean beam 1 S1_OCN__2S 248.74 18.88 0.17 267.79 L0 beam 1 S1_RAW__0S 103.59 5.97 0.2 109.76 L1 SLC beam 1 S1_SLC__1S 162.85 9.51 0.26 172.62 L1 GRD High Resolution beam 1 S2_GRDH_1S 214.52 7.25 0.26 222.03

4. Sentinel-1A Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency L2 Ocean beam 2 S2_OCN__2S 273.74 7.5 0.18 281.42 L0 beam 2 S2_RAW__0S 127.97 4.05 0.2 132.22 L1 SLC, beam 2 S2_SLC__1S 221.94 10.67 0.31 232.92 L1 GRD High Resolution beam 3 S3_GRDH_1S 92.57 4.33 0.17 97.07 L2 Ocean beam 3 S3_OCN__2S 140.39 3.64 0.18 144.21 L0 beam 3 S3_RAW__0S 45.58 6.24 0.28 52.09 L1 SLC beam 3 S3_SLC__1S 97.89 7.33 0.46 105.68 L1 GRD High Resolution beam 4 S4_GRDH_1S 126.49 6.6 0.73 133.82 L2 Ocean beam 4 S4_OCN__2S 160.42 2.51 0.17 163.1 L0 beam 4 S4_RAW__0S 69.62 9.35 0.4 79.37 L1 SLC beam 4 S4_SLC__1S 131.11 9.24 0.36 140.71 L1 GRD High Resolution beam 5 S5_GRDH_1S 70.57 7.44 0.41 78.41 L2 Ocean beam 5 S5_OCN__2S 123.1 7.26 0.49 130.85

5. Sentinel-1A Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency L0 beam 5 S5_RAW__0S 44.84 5.02 0.21 50.07 L1 SLC beam 5 S5_SLC__1S 74.42 6.38 0.17 80.97 L1 GRD High Resolution beam 6 S6_GRDH_1S 130.72 5.29 0.25 136.26 L2 Ocean beam 6 S6_OCN__2S 203.39 3.58 0.15 207.12 L0 beam 6 S6_RAW__0S 33.4 6.02 0.18 39.6 L1 SLC beam 6 S6_SLC__1S 136.78 9.57 0.56 146.91 L2 Wave (WV) Ocean WV_OCN__2S 145.7 7.54 0.44 153.68 L1 WV SLC Standar WV_SLC__1S 127.93 10.54 0.33 138.8

6. Sentinel-1A Standard Product Data Latency 300 250 200 Minutes 150 Avg PDR Latency Avg NSG Latency 100 Avg ESA Latency 50 0 S5_GRDH_1S EW_SLC__1S WV_SLC__1S IW_OCN__2S S1_GRDH_1S S2_GRDH_1S S3_GRDH_1S S4_GRDH_1S S6_GRDH_1S EW_GRDM_1S S1_RAW__0S S2_RAW__0S S3_RAW__0S S4_RAW__0S S5_RAW__0S S6_RAW__0S WV_OCN__2S EW_RAW__0S IW_GRDH_1S S1_OCN__2S S2_OCN__2S S3_OCN__2S S4_OCN__2S S5_OCN__2S S6_OCN__2S EW_OCN__2S IW_RAW__0S IW_SLC__1S S1_SLC__1S S2_SLC__1S S3_SLC__1S S4_SLC__1S S5_SLC__1S S6_SLC__1S

7. Sentinel-1A NRT The NSG downloads all products ESA makes available on the international data hub There isn t an identifier in the product filename differentiating between a Standard and an NRT product The only way to determine if the product is an NRT is calculating the delta time between data observation time and the time ESA publishes the data product

8. Sentinel-1B out of service Spacecraft power issue (main power system for spacecraft antenna and redundant unit failed). Loss data transmission on 12/23/2021.

9. Sentinel-3A Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency OLCI L1 Mode Full Resolution OL_1_EFR__ 812.98 5.28 0.09 818.35 OLCI L1 Model Reduced Resolution OL_1_ERR__ 800.12 5.24 0.1 805.46 SLSTR L1 Observation Mode SL_1_RBT__ 1052.26 6.24 0.1 1058.6 Synergy L2 SY_2_SYN__ 1653.4 6.64 0.09 1660.13

10. Sentinel-3A Standard Product Data Latency 1800 1600 1400 1200 Minutes 1000 Avg PDR Latency 800 Avg NSG Latency 600 Avg ESA Latency 400 200 0

11. Sentinel-3A Near Real-Time Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency OLCI L1 Full Resolution OL_1_EFR__ 127.12 4.72 0.09 131.94 OLCI L1 Model Reduced Resolution OL_1_ERR__ 106.62 5.19 0.09 111.91 SLSTR L1 Observation Mode SL_1_RBT__ 112.7 6.29 0.1 119.09

12. Sentinel-3A NRT Data Latency 140 120 100 80 Minutes Avg PDR Latency 60 Avg NSG Latency Avg ESA Latency 40 20 0

13. Sentinel-3B Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency OLCI L1 Mode Full Resolution OL_1_EFR__ 455.37 7.77 0.52 463.66 OLCI L1 Model Reduced Resolution OL_1_ERR__ 445.53 9.06 0.62 455.21 SLSTR L1 Observation Mode SL_1_RBT__ 696.41 11.95 1.1 709.46 Synergy L2 SY_2_SYN__ 1048.14 8.12 0.52 1056.78

14. Sentinel-3B Standard Product Data Latency 1200 1000 800 Minutes 600 Avg PDR Latency Avg NSG Latency 400 Avg ESA Latency 200 0

15. Sentinel-3 B Near Real-Time Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency OLCI L1 Full Resolution OL_1_EFR__ 120.45 5.8 0.4 126.65 OLCI L1 Model Reduced Resolution OL_1_ERR___ 114.91 6.69 0.6 122.21 SLSTR L1 Observation SL_1_RBT__ 109.86 7.06 0.57 117.49

16. Sentinel-3B NRT Data Latency 130 125 120 Minutes 115 Avg PDR Latency Avg NSG Latency 110 Avg ESA Latency 105 100

17. Sentinel-5P Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency Irradiance Product SWIR Module L1B_IR_SIR 228 4.55 0.24 232.79 Irradiance Product UNV Module L1B_IR_UVN 228.03 4.82 0.27 233.13 Earth Radiance Band 1 L1B_RA_BD1 241.32 10.11 0.23 251.67 Earth Radiance Band 2 L1B_RA_BD2 259.81 31.22 0.22 291.25 Earth Radiance Band 3 L1B_RA_BD3 259.3 79.04 0.23 338.56 Earth Radiance Band 4 L1B_RA_BD4 258.26 77.2 0.21 335.67 Earth Radiance Band 5 L1B_RA_BD5 258.44 77.98 0.23 336.65 Earth Radiance Band 6 L1B_RA_BD6 259.52 78.06 0.22 337.8 Earth Radiance Band 7 L1B_RA_BD7 250.75 19.35 0.22 270.31 Earth Radiance Band 8 L1B_RA_BD8 249.51 19.37 0.22 269.1 UV Aerosol Index L2__AER_AI 2261.55 6.48 0.23 2268.27

18. Sentinel-5P Standard Products Product Description Product Type Avg ESA Latency Avg NSG Latency Avg PDR Latency Total Latency Aerosol Layer Height L2__AER_LH 2486.06 5.11 0.22 2491.40 Methane Total Column L2__CH4___ 2792.48 4.73 0.23 2797.44 Cloud (cloud fraction, albedo, top and pressure) L2__CLOUD_ 2396.74 9.19 0.22 2406.14 Carbon Monoxide Total column L2__CO____ 2367.38 6.8 0.23 2374.41 Formaldehyde Total Column L2__HCHO__ 2426.23 11.51 0.21 2437.95 L2__NO2___ 12799.29 12.98 0.23 12812.5 SNPP VIIRS Clouds Band 3* L2__NP_BD3 2819.71 8.65 0.23 2828.59 SNPP VIIRS Clouds Band 6* L2__NP_BD6 2819.65 8.96 0.22 2828.83 SNPP VIIRS Clouds Band 7* L2__NP_BD7 2818.6 6.79 0.23 2825.63 Ozone Tropospheric Column L2__O3_TCL 12341.01 5.44 0.22 12346.68 Ozone Profile L2__O3__PR 3033.41 9.66 0.23 3043.29 Ozone Total Column L2__O3____ 2734.8 8.62 0.23 2743.65 Sulfur Dioxide Total Column L2__SO2___ 2768.74 13.97 0.21 2782.93 * Contains cloud information relevant to each TROPOMI field-of-view derived from SNPP VIIRS observations

19. Sentinel-5P Standard Product Data Latency 14000 12000 10000 8000 Minutes Avg PDR Latency 6000 Avg NSG Latency Avg ESA Latency 4000 2000 0

20. Sentinel-5P NRT Products NRT products are only available via the open (public) access data hub. The NSG does not have access to them via the dedicated data hub (international data hub).