Understanding HIV-Related Stigma and Discrimination
This session covers the definition and types of stigma and discrimination related to HIV/AIDS, along with the impact on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Participants will also learn strategies to address stigma and its effects on prevention and treatment efforts, emphasizing the need to combat stigma for effective HIV/AIDS management. Various levels and settings of stigma are discussed, highlighting the importance of awareness and action in fighting discrimination in healthcare, workplaces, communities, and more.
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Presentation Transcript
Basic HIV Course for Health Professionals Session 4: Stigma and Discrimination
Learning Objectives By the end of this session participants should be able to: Define stigma and discrimination List at least two types of HIV-related stigma and discrimination Identify how stigma affects PLWHA Explain at least two strategies to address stigma
Types of Stigma (1) Type of Stigma Description self-isolation, feeling like an outsider, avoiding others fear of harassment, rejection, abandonment Individual-Level Stigma physical, verbal, economic, or psychological abuse, withdrawal of care, support, and treatment for PLHIV, rejection, eviction, blame, bitterness Household and Family-Level Stigma shunning, excluding or gossiping about PLHIV; attacking PLHIV verbally or physically; labelling PLHIV as irresponsible; blaming PLWHA for infection Community-Level Stigma teasing children with HIV or excluding infected family members from collective activities Education-Setting Stigma
Types of Stigma (2) Type of Stigma Description Pre-employment screening and/or denial of employment; termination of employment; denied access to training and promotion; gossip; or isolation from services (e.g., separate toilets) Workplace-Setting Stigma segregation, discrimination or denial of religious services/rites Religious-Setting Stigma delayed or withheld treatment; premature discharge; refusal to be admitted for care; testing without consent; breach of confidentiality; non-attendance to patients or inappropriate handling. Healthcare Setting Stigma
Effects of Stigma has been identified as a serious impediment to addressing the HIV/AIDS pandemic constitutes a central barrier to the effective prevention and management of HIV and AIDS reduces the impact of prevention programs and inhibits treatment uptake and adherence HIV/AIDS-related stigma threatens to undermine interventions to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS
Discrimination unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. Type Description Isolation and violence Social isolation, loss of identity/social role Gossip, taunting, expressions of blame and shame, labelling, using negative words to describe PLWHA Loss of livelihood/future, loss of housing, differential treatment in schools, health care settings In some societies, laws, rules and policies have been set to discriminate against PLHIV, e.g. compulsory HIV screening Required HIV screening for certain jobs denies confidentiality and privacy Physical Social Language/ verbal Institutional Discrimination in HIV and AIDS
Any Questions? Thank you!
