Understanding Academic Progress in California Charter Schools

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Explore the impact study comparing academic growth of charter school students to traditional public school counterparts in California. Learn about research questions, methodologies, and the unique approach used in this study.

  • Academic Progress
  • Charter Schools
  • California
  • Impact Study
  • Research
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  1. Urban Charter Schools in California March 2015

  2. Notice This presentation contains interactive graphics which should be viewed in the context of a powerpoint presentation. Viewing presentation as static slides will cause some data to be hidden from the viewer and may cause labels to appear with the wrong graph. 2

  3. Impact Research Questions This impact study answers the following questions: How does the academic progress of charter school students compare to their traditional public school (TPS) counterparts in California? We examine: Total average academic growth for all charter students relative to TPS Average academic growth for charter school students for separate time periods Charter school student growth by elementary / middle / high school grade levels Charter school student growth by prior year academic achievement Charter school student growth by the major student subgroups Charter school student growth by the number of years student continuously attended charter schools For the group of charter schools in the Bay Area, Central California, South Bay and Southern California, how do they perform compared to their peer schools in the same community? 3

  4. A Quick Word About Methods Charter school students may be different than a typical student in TPS, so care is needed in testing their learning gains. We use a Virtual Twin approach to match each charter school s students to TPS students who look just like them drawn from the TPS schools that have lost students to the charter school. A Technical Appendix provides a full explanation of our research methodology. 4

  5. A Quick Word About Methods Unlike other recent CREDO studies, this study does not include a conversion of effect sizes to days of learning. As the days of learning computation is based on the national NAEP scores, it would not be appropriate to apply it to the limited regional samples which almost certainly DO NOT progress at the same rate as the national population. 5

  6. Understanding the Slides AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN URBAN REGION for reading. The left is for TPS students and the right for Charter students There are two growth values There are also two growth values for math. As before, the left is for TPS students and the right for Charter students 0.15 0.10 0.08** 0.05** This graph looks at the difference between the charter and TPS growth values. reading and the right for math. These are the marginal effects of charter enrollment. The left is for 0.05 0.03** 0.03 0.08 - 0.05 -0.01 0.05 - 0.06 Average TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 -0.01 0.10 -0.05 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 To compute the difference, we take the Charter growth value minus the TPS growth value for each subject. -0.05 -0.15 -0.05** -0.06** -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 6

  7. BAY AREA BAY AREA Results Results 7

  8. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS 0.25 0.18** 0.20 0.15** 0.15 0.10 0.03** 0.25 0.05 0.19** Average TPS Growth 0.20 0.00 -0.01 0.15 0.12** 0.10 -0.05 0.05 -0.10 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.15 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 8

  9. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS BY GROWTH PERIOD 0.30 0.22** 0.25 0.18** 0.20 0.14** 0.13* 0.12** 0.12** 0.12** 0.15 0.11** 0.11** 0.10 0.05** 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 9

  10. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS BY GRADESPAN 0.55 0.46** 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.29** 0.30 0.25 0.17** 0.20 0.12* 0.12** 0.13** 0.15 0.09 0.08** 0.10 0.05 Average Elementary TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math Elementary Middle High Multi_level 10

  11. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS BY YEARSOF CHARTER SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 0.45 0.40** 0.40 0.31** 0.35 0.26** 0.30 0.22** 0.25 0.20** 0.16** 0.20 0.13** 0.12** 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math Years in Charter School 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years This analysis includes only students who entered a charter school after 2006-2007. 11

  12. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL WHITE STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.04** 0.05 0.00 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 -0.01 0.10 -0.05 0.04** 0.05 0.00 -0.10 Average White TPS Growth -0.01 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 12

  13. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL ASIAN STUDENTS 0.30 0.25** 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.08** 0.07** 0.10 0.25 0.05 0.20 Average White TPS Growth 0.16** 0.15 0.00 0.11** 0.10 -0.05 -0.04** Average Asian TPS Growth 0.05 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 13

  14. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL NATIVE AMERICAN STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 -0.05 0.10 0.05 -0.10 -0.12 Average Native American TPS Growth 0.00 -0.15 -0.14 -0.02 -0.05 -0.20 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math There were not enough Bay Area Native American students in Math to compute an effect size. 14

  15. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL BLACK STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 0.25 0.20 -0.15 -0.14** 0.16** 0.15 -0.20 0.12** -0.18** 0.10 -0.25 Average Black TPS Growth 0.05 0.00 -0.30 -0.29** -0.30** -0.05 -0.35 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 15

  16. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL HISPANIC STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.02* 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.25 -0.05 0.20 0.16** -0.07** 0.15 -0.10 0.08** 0.10 Average Hispanic TPS Growth 0.05 -0.15 -0.15** -0.15** 0.00 -0.05 -0.20 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 16

  17. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE / REDUCED PRICE LUNCH 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0.00 Average Non-Poverty TPS Growth 0.15 -0.02** 0.10 -0.05 0.06** 0.03** -0.05** 0.05 -0.07** Average TPS in Poverty Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 17

  18. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL BLACK STUDENTS IN POVERTY 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White, Non- Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.15** -0.20 -0.25 -0.21** -0.30 -0.35 -0.40 -0.36** -0.36** -0.45 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math 18

  19. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL HISPANIC STUDENTS IN POVERTY 0.15 0.10 0.02** 0.05 Average White Non- Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.09** -0.15 -0.20 -0.21** -0.21** -0.25 -0.30 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math 19

  20. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average Non-ELL TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 0.15 -0.15 0.10 -0.20 -0.16** 0.08** -0.17** 0.05 -0.25 -0.21** 0.01 Average ELL TPS Growth 0.00 -0.30 -0.29** -0.05 -0.35 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 20

  21. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average Non-SPED TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 0.15 0.10 -0.10 -0.10 0.05 -0.15 Average SPED TPS Growth 0.00 -0.20 -0.01 -0.19** -0.19** -0.20** -0.05 -0.25 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 21

  22. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSINTHE BAY AREA ALL STUDENTS WHO WERE RETAINED IN PRIOR YEAR 0.35 0.30 0.26** 0.25 0.20 0.16** 0.15 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.00 Average Non- Retained TPS Growth 0.05 -0.05 0.03 Average Retained TPS Growth -0.03 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 22

  23. CENTRAL CALIFORNIA CENTRAL CALIFORNIA Results Results 23

  24. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05** 0.05 0.03** 0.01 0.00 Average TPS Growth 0.15 0.00 0.10 -0.05 0.05 0.01* Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.01 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 24

  25. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS BY GROWTH PERIOD 0.15 0.10 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.02 -0.05 -0.03 -0.06 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 25

  26. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS BY GRADESPAN 0.30 0.25** 0.25 0.18** 0.20 0.15 0.09* 0.09 0.10 0.05 Average Elementary TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.02 -0.04 -0.05** -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -0.25 -0.30 -0.28** -0.35 Reading Math Elementary Middle High Multi_level 26

  27. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS BY YEARSOF CHARTER SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 0.30 0.22 0.25 0.20 0.12 0.15 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.04 0.05 0.00 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.05 -0.06 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math Years in Charter School 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years This analysis includes only students who entered a charter school after 2006-2007. 27

  28. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL WHITE STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.02** -0.05 0.15 0.10 -0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.15 -0.05 -0.20 -0.02** -0.18** -0.10 -0.15 -0.25 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.20 -0.18** Reading Math -0.25 Reading Math 28

  29. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL ASIAN STUDENTS 0.20 0.15 0.12** 0.10 0.07** 0.04** 0.05 0.02 Average White TPS Growth 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.05 -0.05 Average Asian TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.05** -0.08** Charter -0.10 TPS TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 29

  30. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL NATIVE AMERICAN STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 0.15 -0.10 0.10 -0.15 -0.13** -0.13 0.05 -0.20 -0.17* Average Native American TPS Growth 0.00 -0.25 -0.23** -0.05 -0.30 -0.04 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 30

  31. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL BLACK STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 0.15 -0.05** 0.10 -0.10 0.08** 0.07** 0.05 -0.15 -0.12** -0.13** Average Black TPS Growth 0.00 -0.20 -0.19** -0.05 -0.25 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 31

  32. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL HISPANIC STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 -0.05 -0.04** 0.10 -0.06** -0.06** 0.05 -0.10 -0.12** Average Hispanic TPS Growth 0.00 -0.15 -0.05 -0.20 -0.02 -0.06** -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 32

  33. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE / REDUCED PRICE LUNCH 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average Non-Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 0.10 -0.05 -0.05** 0.04** 0.05 Average TPS in Poverty Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.09** -0.08** -0.004** -0.08** -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 33

  34. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL BLACK STUDENTS IN POVERTY 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White, Non- Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.13** -0.15** -0.20 -0.21** -0.25 -0.30 -0.27** -0.35 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math 34

  35. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL HISPANIC STUDENTS IN POVERTY 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White Non- Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.10** -0.15 -0.13** -0.15** -0.13** -0.20 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math 35

  36. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average Non-ELL TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 0.15 0.11** 0.10 -0.10 0.08** -0.09** -0.09** 0.05 -0.15 Average ELL TPS Growth 0.00 -0.20 -0.18** -0.20** -0.05 -0.25 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 36

  37. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average Non-SPED TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 -0.05 -0.06** 0.10 0.05 -0.10 -0.10** 0.02 Average SPED TPS Growth 0.00 -0.15 -0.13** -0.15** -0.05 -0.20 -0.04** -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 37

  38. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN CENTRAL CA ALL STUDENTS WHO WERE RETAINED IN PRIOR YEAR 0.45 0.37** 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10** 0.35 0.30 0.10 0.28** 0.25 0.05 0.20 Average Non- Retained TPS Growth 0.15 0.00 0.10 -0.05 -0.02* 0.05* 0.05 -0.10 Average Retained TPS Growth -0.07** 0.00 -0.05 -0.15 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.10 Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 38

  39. SOUTH BAY SOUTH BAY Results Results 39

  40. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL STUDENTS 0.20 0.15** 0.15 0.12** 0.08** 0.10 0.07** 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.15 0.00 0.10 0.06** 0.05 -0.05 0.05** Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 40

  41. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL STUDENTS BY GROWTH PERIOD 0.15 0.12** 0.10 0.08 0.08* 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.02 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 41

  42. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL STUDENTS BY GRADESPAN 0.15 0.10** 0.08 0.10 0.05 0.05 0.04** 0.04 0.05 0.03 Average Elementary TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.04 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math Elementary Middle High Multi_level 42

  43. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL STUDENTS BY YEARSOF CHARTER SCHOOL ENROLLMENT 0.25 0.18 0.20 0.17** 0.13 0.15 0.10* 0.12** 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.05 0.05 Average TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 Reading Math Years in Charter School 1 Year 2 Years 3 Years 4 Years This analysis includes only students who entered a charter school after 2006-2007. 43

  44. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL WHITE STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 0.10 -0.05 -0.05** 0.05 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.05** -0.10 -0.15 TPS Charter TPS Charter -0.15 Reading Math Reading Math 44

  45. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL ASIAN STUDENTS 0.20 0.14** 0.15 0.10** 0.10 0.07** 0.06** 0.05 0.15 0.10 0.00 Average White TPS Growth 0.05 Average Asian TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.01 -0.05 -0.10 -0.04** -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 45

  46. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL NATIVE AMERICAN STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 0.10 -0.05 0.05 Average Native American TPS Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading There were not enough South Bay Native American students in Reading or Math to compute an effect size. Math 46

  47. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL BLACK STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.07* 0.15 -0.10 -0.11** -0.11** 0.10 -0.15 0.05 0.05 -0.20 Average Black TPS Growth 0.00 -0.25 -0.21** -0.05 -0.30 -0.10 TPS -0.10* Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 47

  48. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL HISPANIC STUDENTS 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 0.15 -0.08** 0.10 -0.10 0.05** -0.12** 0.05 -0.15 -0.14** 0.01 -0.15** Average Hispanic TPS Growth 0.00 -0.20 -0.05 -0.25 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 48

  49. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL STUDENTS ELIGIBLE FOR FREE / REDUCED PRICE LUNCH 0.15 0.10 0.07** 0.05 Average Non-Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 0.15 0.11** -0.02** 0.10 -0.05 -0.05** 0.04** -0.06** 0.05 Average TPS in Poverty Growth 0.00 -0.10 -0.05 -0.15 -0.10 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math -0.15 Reading Math 49

  50. Student-Level Results AVERAGE ACADEMIC GROWTHFOR CHARTER SCHOOLSTUDENTSRELATIVETO PERFORMANCEOF VIRTUAL TWINSIN TRADITIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOLSIN SOUTH BAY ALL BLACK STUDENTS IN POVERTY 0.15 0.10 0.05 Average White, Non- Poverty TPS Growth 0.00 -0.05 -0.10 -0.10* -0.15 -0.14* -0.20 -0.22** -0.25 -0.23** -0.30 TPS Charter TPS Charter Reading Math 50

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