UAS R&D Portfolio - Research and Development Summary
U
A
S
R
&
D
P
o
r
t
f
o
l
i
o
(
A
1
1
L
)
R
E
D
A
C
S
A
S
N
i
c
k
L
e
n
t
o
,
A
N
G
-
C
2
S
e
p
t
e
m
b
e
r
6
,
2
0
1
7
U
A
S
R
&
D
P
o
r
t
f
o
l
i
o
A
N
G
C
2
U
A
S
P
o
r
t
f
o
l
i
o
3
P
o
r
t
f
o
l
i
o
M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t
a
n
d
T
e
c
h
n
o
l
o
g
y
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
(
A
N
G
-
C
)
ANG-C supports the development of the FAA's technology development
portfolio through strategic planning, budget formulation, program execution,
and program evaluation. ANG-C also coordinates aviation research
investment priorities with other agencies, advisory boards, and international
organizations.
Mission:
The Portfolio Management and Technology Development Office provides
NextGen with critical path concept validation, technology development, and
prototyping of new capabilities to improve aviation system safety, capacity
and efficiency.
4
N
e
w
E
n
t
r
a
n
t
s
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
&
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
(
R
&
D
)
D
i
v
i
s
i
o
n
(
A
N
G
-
C
2
)
O
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
ANG-C2 manages the FAA's Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Improved
Multiple Runway Operations (IMRO) R&D portfolios. This includes program
management responsibility for the execution of relative R&D to support both
Aviation Safety and NextGen requirements for UAS integration into the NAS,
Wake Separation Standards, and Closely Space Parallel Operations.
Mission:
Leads the execution of strategies required to effectively integrate portfolios of
viable research (internal & external to the FAA) resulting in solutions that
address key operational challenges as well as improvements for integrating
New Entrants into the National Airspace System.
5
U
A
S
S
y
s
t
e
m
A
r
c
h
i
t
e
c
t
u
r
e
Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS):
An unmanned aircraft and its associated elements
related to safe operations, which may include
control stations (ground, ship, or air-based), control
links, support equipment, payloads, flight
termination systems, and launch/recovery
equipment. It consists of three elements:
•
Unmanned Aircraft
•
Control Station
•
Data Link
6
A
S
S
U
R
E
C
e
n
t
e
r
o
f
E
x
c
e
l
l
e
n
c
e
(
C
O
E
)
U
A
S
C
e
n
t
e
r
O
f
E
x
c
e
l
l
e
n
c
e
O
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
Congress mandated that the FAA establish the UAS Center of Excellence
(COE) under the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2014
In May 2015, DOT/FAA selected the Alliance for System Safety of UAS
through Research Excellence (ASSURE) led by Mississippi State University
as the FAA’s first Center of Excellence for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
The COE focuses on research, education, and training in areas critical to
safe and successful integration of UAS into the nation’s airspace
FAA and other government funding will be matched by the COE one-for-one
providing a significant return on investment of tax-payer funds
8
C
O
E
U
A
S
P
r
o
g
r
a
m
H
i
g
h
l
i
g
h
t
s
UAS Ground Collision Severity Studies research peer review to Congress
Awarded 59 grants totaling $11.9M
Implemented UAS peer review process on select projects
UAS COE Companion Contract Progression
Drafted Research Integration Plan
COE produced matching is at 95%
9
C
O
E
U
A
S
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
-
C
o
m
p
l
e
t
e
d
Certification Test Case to Validate sUAS Industry Consensus Standards
Small UAS Detect and Avoid Requirements Necessary for Limited Beyond
Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Operations
UAS Airborne Collision Severity Evaluation
UAS Ground Collision Severity Evaluation
UAS Maintenance, Modification, Repair, Inspection, Training, and Certification
Considerations *
Surveillance Criticality for Sense and Avoid (SAA)
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Noise Certification
Human Factors Considerations of UAS Procedures, & Control Stations *
Part 107 Waiver Request Case Study
Airborne Collision Peer Review
* Will be complete by Sep 30th
10
C
O
E
U
A
S
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
-
A
c
t
i
v
e
Human Factors Control Station Design Standards
Secure Command and Control Link with Interference Mitigation
Performance Analysis of UAS Detection Technologies Operating in Airport
Environments
UAS Ground Collision Severity Studies
STEM II
Small UAS Detect and Avoid Requirements Necessary for Limited Beyond Visual
Line of Sight (BVLOS) Operations
Airborne Collision Engine Impacts
Airborne Collision Structural Impacts
e-commerce, Emerging UAS Network and Implications on NAS Integrations
Safety Research Facility
11
C
O
E
U
A
S
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
F
u
n
d
i
n
g
P
r
o
f
i
l
e
P
e
r
i
o
d
E
n
d
i
n
g
–
J
u
l
y
3
1
,
2
0
1
7
T
o
t
a
l
L
e
v
e
l
o
f
E
f
f
o
r
t
-
$
1
6
,
8
3
3
,
5
4
4
1
)
"
M
a
t
c
h
i
n
g
P
r
o
d
u
c
e
d
"
r
e
f
l
e
c
t
s
m
a
t
c
h
f
u
n
d
i
n
g
e
x
e
c
u
t
e
d
t
h
r
o
u
g
h
6
/
3
0
/
1
7
12
Q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
s
13
B
a
c
k
-
U
p
S
l
i
d
e
s
N
o
n
-
C
O
E
U
A
S
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
(
F
Y
1
7
)
15
N
o
n
-
C
O
E
U
A
S
R
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
(
F
Y
1
7
)
c
o
n
t
’
d
16
This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 and 3.4 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Provided a sample tracker as reference that can meet the surveillance
performance requirements of RTCA SC-228 DAA Phase 1 MOPS
Software models developed for sensors and tracker were shared with
the RTCA community. They will be leveraged to support surveillance
performance requirements development for SC-228 Phase 2 and
ACASXu MOPS. (Update existing and/or build new)
Need
–
Recognizing the need to merge various surveillance sensors for use
in Detect and Avoid (DAA) algorithms, this effort was initiated to evaluate
tracking and fusion strategies to support UAS DAA surveillance
Approach
Evaluate, build and test the sensor models/emulators (cooperative and
non-cooperative), fusion strategies and trackers.
Provide software delivery of sensor models and tracker to members of
RTCA SC-228 DAA Phase 1 Modelling and Simulation (M&S) subgroup.
Conduct fast time simulations and provide results to M&S sub group to
validate surveillance performance requirements.
Provide design document on the tracker developed, which serves as a
reference and included in the appendix of SC-228 Phase 1 DAA MOPS
Detect and Avoid (DAA) Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Strategies
A11L.UAS.2
This Research supports section 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Inform expanded safe operational access for sUAS by defining
various potential operational frameworks that will allow safe BVLOS
operations
Generate a framework, approach, and metrics that can be used for
testing of current and future DAA systems
FAA indicated it will accept the final report without comments,
8/2017
Need
- To expand access for sUAS in limited portions of the NAS and still
achieve a level of safety equivalent to manned aircraft operating in a
similar manner.”
Approach
– Define an operational framework and conduct a comparison
of approaches that support development of standards for sUAS DAA
systems and development of proposed operating rules, limitations, and
guidelines for sUAS BVLOS operations.
s
U
A
S
D
e
t
e
c
t
a
n
d
A
v
o
i
d
B
e
y
o
n
d
V
i
s
u
a
l
L
i
n
e
o
f
S
i
g
h
t
(
B
V
L
O
S
)
A
1
1
L
.
U
A
S
.
2
2
This Research supports sections 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Facilitate the identification and development of standards and
recommendations of voice communication requirements and
concepts to support UAS integrated operations into the NAS.
Research will be delivered to the sponsor, and pending sponsor
approval, the NVS/UAS Working Group and RTCA Special
Committee on UAS
Need
- The research will assist in the development of consensus
standards of voice communication requirements and concepts to
support UAS integrated operations into the NAS and determine the
maximum acceptable communication delays associated with step-on(s)
for UAS
Approach
– Identify potential Pilot in Control (PIC)-to-ATC Ground-to-
Ground Voice Communications technologies/architectures that are
commercially available or will be available in the near term comparing
performance, implementation, risks and benefits that the
technologies/architectures may impose on UAS integration into the NAS
Evaluation of Communication Strategies
in the Context of UAS Operations (Ground to Ground)
A11L.UAS.5.2
Contract award for L-Band radios and support delayed.
This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 and 3.4 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Contribute to RTCA 228 ‘s effort to maturing standards for
command and non-payload communications for UAS flying within
point-to-point of a ground transmitter for the UAS ground control
station.
The results from this task will help determine the viability of use of
L-Band frequencies for CNPC operations.
Need
–
To complement the current validation efforts for
Control and
Non Payload Communications (CNPC)
standards by evaluating the
operating compatibility with other L-band avionics equipment.
Approach
–
Construct a hardware-in-the-loop laboratory environment
and conduct laboratory testing using selected equipment of interests
(i.e. TACAN, UAT, etc.).
UAS Command and Control Link Compatibility Testing
A11L.UAS.23
Phases 2 and 3 have been canceled, only Phase 1 will be completed
Phase 1 period of performance has been extended through December 2017
with associated funding to support project wrap-up
This Research supports section 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Assessment of multi-user interference and jamming in the evaluated
waveforms
Recommended efficient and effective mitigations against all types of
jamming in the evaluated waveforms
Need
-
Interference cancellation and mitigation techniques to establish
secure communication between unmanned aircraft and control station
Approach
–
The research will implement transceivers for UAS
communications, evaluate relevant interference/jamming scenarios,
and develop robust architectures to suppress different types of jammers
in a wide variety of settings. Adaptive channel coding will be combined
with spread spectrum techniques to realize large coding gain and multi-
user interference/jamming mitigation.
S
e
c
u
r
e
C
o
m
m
a
n
d
a
n
d
C
o
n
t
r
o
l
L
i
n
k
w
i
t
h
I
n
t
e
r
f
e
r
e
n
c
e
M
i
t
i
g
a
t
i
o
n
A
1
1
L
.
U
A
S
.
3
5
This Research supports section 3.1.2 and 3.3.1 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Create recommendations defining standards for maintenance,
records and training for all classes of unmanned air vehicles Identify
training standards for all Risk Classes of UAS and inform on
opportunities to integrate these standards into existing manned
aircraft technician training and certification requirements
Only risk involves the timeliness of FAA review, comments, and
research performer disposition of those comments before the end
of the period of performance (Note: There is no follow-on work past
the end of FY17).
Need
- To develop standards for UAS maintenance, modification, repair,
inspection, and technician training, and to identify requirements for
approved certification standards for air vehicle and system maintenance
providers and maintenance technicians.
Approach
– Determine differences in practices and standards between
manned and unmanned aircraft related to maintenance, repair, record
keeping, accident reporting, training, and technical documentation.
Discover associations between these practices and standards and the
Risk Class of the aircraft in order to determine if criteria for
maintenance, records, and training should differ.
U
A
S
M
a
i
n
t
e
n
a
n
c
e
,
M
o
d
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
,
R
e
p
a
i
r
,
I
n
s
p
e
c
t
i
o
n
,
T
r
a
i
n
i
n
g
,
a
n
d
C
e
r
t
i
f
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
C
o
n
s
i
d
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
s
A
1
1
L
.
U
A
S
.
1
5
This Research supports section 3.1.4.3 and 3.1.5.3 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
Initiate design and testing as described in Project Plan. This will
include identifying, building and testing prototypes necessary to
identify and quantify the short term and long term risks to current
and future safety associated with fuel cell systems for aerospace
applications including a potential failure mode and effect
Need - Identify the Safety risk based upon a system of open/closed
cathode PEM fuel cell concept in which the cathode reactant and
coolant delivery systems are shared. The simplicity of the air-cooled
stack and its reduced balance of plant make it attractive for smaller UAS
applications in general, while the closed cathode (oxygen-using)
component of the design is beneficial for dense air and high altitude
applications. These systems are proposed to give UAV more time on
station at high altitude.
Approach - Leverage the work in the Electrical System TCRG and target
UAV system applications of fuel cell systems.
Fuel Cell Energy Supply Systems for UAV Systems and
Aerospace Applications
A11L.UAS.38
This Research supports section 3.1.4.3 and 3.1.5.3 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
This program will be used to establish validation methods to be
used in aerospace industry standards from RTCA and SAE on re
chargeable LI Battery system that are directly applicable all UAS
systems. This program is directly supporting working RTCA SC-225
and SAE AE-7B, with a EUROCAE counterpart for each committee.
Need - UAS Li Battery requirement is addressing a broad range of safety
issues, but will focus on a more detailed investigation of thermal
runaway in efforts of developing consistent testing approaches leading
to increased safety for aerospace vehicles.
Approach - The program will have commercial involvement and
oversight from a Commercial Advisory Board (CAB) comprising General
Atomics and Boeing Phantom Works.
L
i
t
h
i
u
m
B
a
t
t
e
r
i
e
s
a
n
d
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
f
o
r
U
A
V
A
1
1
L
.
U
A
S
.
3
9
This Research supports section 3.1.5 of the UAS Implementation Plan.
This research will provide a better understanding of:
Weather products that would be most beneficial for UAS
operations
Research that is needed to refine existing weather products for
UAS operations
New weather capabilities that should be developed for UAS
operations
Need - There is little understanding about weather information that
would be most beneficial to support safe and efficient UAS operations.
This effort is intended to provide an assessment of UAS weather
requirements, current capabilities, and information gaps that will
require modification or development of new weather products.
Approach - Create a catalog of UAS types, mission types, and weather
impacts to develop weather use cases and establish a baseline for
weather information needs. This effort will identify weather information
gaps and develop a research roadmap to close those gaps.
UAS Weather Needs
This Research supports sections 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS
Implementation Plan.
This research will address gaps in knowledge that are currently a
barrier to the safe, efficient, and timely integration of UAS into the
NAS
Need – A function allocation strategy does not exist for civil UAS.
Minimum standards and guidelines do not exist for civil UAS control
stations. Crewmember training and certification requirements do not
exist for civil UAS operations. Visual observer training and certification
requirements do not exist for civil UAS operations.
Approach – Four separate, but highly interdependent, research areas
need to be addressed: Function Allocation between UAS Pilot and
System Automation, Control Station Standards and Guidelines,
Crewmember Training and Certification, and Visual Observer
Requirements.
UAS Human Factors Control Station Design Standards
A11L.UAS.30
This Research supports section 3.8.6 of the UAS Implementation Plan.
Assess the feasibility of integrating candidate UAS detection
technology with airport operations
Identification of relevant performance parameters and limitations for
distinct classes of UAS detection system technologies
Identification of operational detection challenges in varying airport
environments using single and multi-sensor detection systems
Collection of data that provides a critical evaluation of UAS detection
system technologies’ capabilities and limitations
Data analysis extending into FY18 per COE grant
Need - Assessment of newly emerging UAS detection system
technologies in a variety of airport environments
Approach – Document the performance capabilities and limitations of
various types detection technologies via operational evaluations, vendor
interviews, literature review, and data analysis. Conduct research and
analysis to produce interim findings with the UAS COE on current DoD
and DHS assessments of UAS detection technologies and systems
sUAS Detection at Airports
A11L.UAS.36
This Research supports section 3.1.4.1 of the UAS Implementation
Plan.
Integrated UAS data together with forecasting leading to harmonious
integration, improved regulations and overall safety
Data availability
Benchmark current activities and forecast short/long range
Safety implications and regulations of UAS integrations into NAS
Need -Three primary purposes: (a) understand/integrate data across
numerous uses/users; (b) understand and forecast UAS activities and
operational implications of NAS integration; and (c) formulation of a
quantitative framework to formulate/evaluate regulations.
Approach - Organized as combination of reports/analytical framework:
UAS Data Catalog: Internal Research across Agencies and Outside
UAS Industry Outreach Synthesis: Summarizing Industry Interactions
UAS Forecasts: Methods and Forecasts
UAS Regulatory Risk Profile and Cost: Analysis Document
sUAS In and Around Busy Commercial Airspace
A11L.UAS.42
This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 of the UAS Implementation
Plan.
Streamlined risk assessment processes and performance-based
goals and milestones enabling the FAA to make short-term (1-5
years), mid-term (5-10) years, and long-term (10-20 years) decisions
related to the safe integration of UAS in the NAS.
Need
-
This study will inform current and future rulemaking and the
work of the new UAS Safety Team by focusing on methodologies to
characterize the risk of UAS and manned aircraft interactions. The study
also supports Section 2210 of the 2016 FAA Reauthorization.
Approach
–
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
will appoint an
ad-hoc committee with representation from industry,
academia, and government to undertake a study to evaluate the
potential of probabilistic assessments
of risks and other risk assessment
methods for streamlining the process of integrating unmanned aircraft
systems (UAS) into the national airspace system (NAS) and identify
supporting research and development opportunities in this field.
Assessing the Risk of UAS Integration
A11L.UAS.49
This portfolio encompasses various facets of research and development related to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), including technology development, aviation safety research, and integration into the National Airspace System. Key areas of focus include concept validation, operational integration, and human factors. The portfolio is managed by the Portfolio Management and Technology Development Office, which supports the FAA in strategic planning, budget formulation, and program execution to enhance aviation system safety and efficiency through innovation. ANG-C2 plays a crucial role in managing the FAA's UAS and Improved Multiple Runway Operations (IMRO) R&D portfolios, aiming to address key operational challenges and integrate new entrants into the airspace system. Additionally, the UAS System Architecture is detailed, outlining the components and elements essential for safe operations. The ASSURE Center of Excellence (COE) is highlighted, underscoring its role in advancing UAS research and development.
Uploaded on Feb 22, 2025 | 0 Views
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
UAS R&D Portfolio (A11L) REDAC SAS Nick Lento, ANG-C2 September 6, 2017
ANG C2 UAS Portfolio ANG C2 UAS Portfolio Aviation Safety Research Concept Validation Other Research Partnerships Performers FAA TC MIT/LL Mitre NAS Detect and Avoid UAS Weather Voice Comm UTM RTT Contingency Procedures UAS Center of Excellence Command and Control UAS Wake Standards UAS Integration RTT Operational Integration Automation Sys Requirements DAC Task Group 2 & 3 Human Factors DOD, DOI, DHS Airworthiness 3
Portfolio Management and Technology Development (ANG-C) ANG-C supports the development of the FAA's technology development portfolio through strategic planning, budget formulation, program execution, and program evaluation. ANG-C also coordinates aviation research investment priorities with other agencies, advisory boards, and international organizations. Mission: The Portfolio Management and Technology Development Office provides NextGen with critical path concept validation, technology development, and prototyping of new capabilities to improve aviation system safety, capacity and efficiency. 4
New Entrants Research & Development (R&D) Division (ANG-C2) Overview ANG-C2 manages the FAA's Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) and Improved Multiple Runway Operations (IMRO) R&D portfolios. This includes program management responsibility for the execution of relative R&D to support both Aviation Safety and NextGen requirements for UAS integration into the NAS, Wake Separation Standards, and Closely Space Parallel Operations. Mission: Leads the execution of strategies required to effectively integrate portfolios of viable research (internal & external to the FAA) resulting in solutions that address key operational challenges as well as improvements for integrating New Entrants into the National Airspace System. 5
UAS System Architecture Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS): An unmanned aircraft and its associated elements related to safe operations, which may include control stations (ground, ship, or air-based), control links, support equipment, payloads, flight termination systems, and launch/recovery equipment. It consists of three elements: Unmanned Aircraft Control Station Data Link 6
UAS Center Of Excellence Overview Congress mandated that the FAA establish the UAS Center of Excellence (COE) under the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2014 In May 2015, DOT/FAA selected the Alliance for System Safety of UAS through Research Excellence (ASSURE) led by Mississippi State University as the FAA s first Center of Excellence for Unmanned Aircraft Systems The COE focuses on research, education, and training in areas critical to safe and successful integration of UAS into the nation s airspace FAA and other government funding will be matched by the COE one-for-one providing a significant return on investment of tax-payer funds 8
COE UAS Program Highlights UAS Ground Collision Severity Studies research peer review to Congress Awarded 59 grants totaling $11.9M Implemented UAS peer review process on select projects UAS COE Companion Contract Progression Drafted Research Integration Plan COE produced matching is at 95% 9
COE UAS Research Summary - Completed Certification Test Case to Validate sUAS Industry Consensus Standards Small UAS Detect and Avoid Requirements Necessary for Limited Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Operations UAS Airborne Collision Severity Evaluation UAS Ground Collision Severity Evaluation UAS Maintenance, Modification, Repair, Inspection, Training, and Certification Considerations * Surveillance Criticality for Sense and Avoid (SAA) Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Noise Certification Human Factors Considerations of UAS Procedures, & Control Stations * Part 107 Waiver Request Case Study Airborne Collision Peer Review * Will be complete by Sep 30th 10
COE UAS Research Summary- Active Human Factors Control Station Design Standards Secure Command and Control Link with Interference Mitigation Performance Analysis of UAS Detection Technologies Operating in Airport Environments UAS Ground Collision Severity Studies STEM II Small UAS Detect and Avoid Requirements Necessary for Limited Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) Operations Airborne Collision Engine Impacts Airborne Collision Structural Impacts e-commerce, Emerging UAS Network and Implications on NAS Integrations Safety Research Facility 11
COE UAS University Funding Profile Period Ending July 31, 2017 Matching Produced1 $1,518,045 $776,696 $1,224,373 $848,117 $893,184 $690,616 $306,761 $327,215 $320,520 $307,688 $814,370 $92,000 Total Funding Issued $2,425,622 $906,448 $836,522 $817,491 $707,387 $690,616 $566,033 $559,350 $346,436 $247,695 $229,876 $91,968 $75,000 Matching Proposed $2,434,609 $906,489 $836,632 $820,101 $697,934 $690,617 $373,678 $414,291 $346,436 $247,695 $385,650 $91,968 $75,000 $6,000 Proposed Ratio Produced Ratio University Mississippi State University University of North Dakota New Mexico State University Kansas State University The Ohio State University Wichita State University Embry Riddle Aeronautical University Drexel University Montana State University University of Alabama-Huntsville North Carolina State University University of Kansas Oregon State University University of Alaska-Fairbanks University of California-Davis 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.66 0.74 1.00 1.00 1.68 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.63 0.86 1.46 1.04 1.26 1.00 0.54 0.58 0.93 1.24 3.54 1.00 0.00 0.08 $0 $6,000 $453 $0 $0 - $0 - Funding Total $8,506,444 $8,327,100 0.98 $8,120,038 0.95 Total Level of Effort - $16,833,544 1)"Matching Produced" reflects match funding executed through 6/30/17 12
Questions 13
Non-COE UAS Research Summary (FY17) Research Domain Research Product DAA Multi-Sensor Surveillance Data Fusion Strategies - Phase 2 Report Sample Tracker Implementation Appendix document of RTCA SC-228 Phase One Minimum Performance Operational Standards (MOPS) DAA Multi-Sensor Surveillance Data Fusion Strategies Phase 4 Report A11L.UAS.2 - SAA Multi Sensor Surveillance Data Fusion Strategies A11L.UAS.6 - Collect and Analyze UAS Test Data from the Congressionally Mandated Test UAS Test Site Data Collection and Analysis Final Report Initial Cooperative Surveillance Sensor Requirements Analysis Alternative Antenna Equipment Safety and Performance Assessment for Cooperative Sensors Whitepaper Performance Categories and Surveillance Requirements for ACAS XU A11L.UAS.10 - Integration of Collision Avoidance Systems into SAA for UAS 15
Non-COE UAS Research Summary (FY17) cont d Research Product FAA UAS CNPC on TACAN Compatibility Test Report A11L.UAS.23 - Secure Command and Control Link Compatibility Testing UAS Data Catalog A11L.UAS.42 - sUAS In & Around Busy Commercial Airspace 16
Detect and Avoid (DAA) Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Strategies A11L.UAS.2 Need/Approach Major Activities Need Recognizing the need to merge various surveillance sensors for use in Detect and Avoid (DAA) algorithms, this effort was initiated to evaluate tracking and fusion strategies to support UAS DAA surveillance Approach Evaluate, build and test the sensor models/emulators (cooperative and non-cooperative), fusion strategies and trackers. Provide software delivery of sensor models and tracker to members of RTCA SC-228 DAA Phase 1 Modelling and Simulation (M&S) subgroup. Conduct fast time simulations and provide results to M&S sub group to validate surveillance performance requirements. Provide design document on the tracker developed, which serves as a reference and included in the appendix of SC-228 Phase 1 DAA MOPS Activity Status Sample tracker delivered to RTCA for Phase 1 MOPS Report on Implementation of tracker: As appendix to DAA MOPS Complete - 10/2016 Appendix F MOPS Report documenting fast time simulation results and support provided to M&S subgroup to validate surveillance performance requirements Complete - 12/2016 Utilizing products developed, continue research and development of sensor models and tracker in order to support requirements development of RTCA SC-228 DAA Phase 2 and SC- 147 ACASXu MOPS On going Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 and 3.4 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Provided a sample tracker as reference that can meet the surveillance performance requirements of RTCA SC-228 DAA Phase 1 MOPS Software models developed for sensors and tracker were shared with the RTCA community. They will be leveraged to support surveillance performance requirements development for SC-228 Phase 2 and ACASXu MOPS. (Update existing and/or build new) FY2013 FY2018 Program Manager Partners Karl Garman, ANG-C21 NASA and RTCA Committee Members Sponsor Research Performers Sheila Mariano, AIR-6B4 WJHTC
sUAS Detect and Avoid Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) A11L.UAS.22 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - To expand access for sUAS in limited portions of the NAS and still achieve a level of safety equivalent to manned aircraft operating in a similar manner. Activity Status Research Task Plan Complete- 12/2015 Operational Framework ITEM Complete 2/2016 Approach Define an operational framework and conduct a comparison of approaches that support development of standards for sUAS DAA systems and development of proposed operating rules, limitations, and guidelines for sUAS BVLOS operations. DAA Approached ITEM Complete 3/2016 Use Case Report Complete - 1/2017 Completed Radio Line Of Sight Testing Complete - 1/2017 Final Report Complete 5/2017 Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Inform expanded safe operational access for sUAS by defining various potential operational frameworks that will allow safe BVLOS operations Generate a framework, approach, and metrics that can be used for testing of current and future DAA systems FAA indicated it will accept the final report without comments, 8/2017 FY2015- FY2017 Program Manager Partners Karl Garman, ANG-C21 N/A Sponsor Research Performers Wes Ryan, AIR-600 University of North Dakota New Mexico State University
Evaluation of Communication Strategies in the Context of UAS Operations (Ground to Ground) A11L.UAS.5.2 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - The research will assist in the development of consensus standards of voice communication requirements and concepts to support UAS integrated operations into the NAS and determine the maximum acceptable communication delays associated with step-on(s) for UAS Activity Status Whitepaper summarizing results and recommendations Complete 1/2015 Developed UAS ground-to-ground communication architecture options Complete 3/2016 Approach Identify potential Pilot in Control (PIC)-to-ATC Ground-to- Ground Voice Communications technologies/architectures that are commercially available or will be available in the near term comparing performance, implementation, risks and benefits that the technologies/architectures may impose on UAS integration into the NAS UAS into NAS voice communication architecture alternative study report Complete 6/2016 Final Report In progress 9/2017 Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports sections 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Facilitate the identification and development of standards and recommendations of voice communication requirements and concepts to support UAS integrated operations into the NAS. Research will be delivered to the sponsor, and pending sponsor approval, the NVS/UAS Working Group and RTCA Special Committee on UAS FY2013- FY2017 Program Manager Partners Ben Bradley, ANG-C21 FAA (AJM) Sponsor Research Performers Ravi Jain (AUS) WJHTC MIT/LL
UAS Command and Control Link Compatibility Testing A11L.UAS.23 Need/Approach Major Activities Need To complement the current validation efforts for Control and Non Payload Communications (CNPC) standards by evaluating the operating compatibility with other L-band avionics equipment. Activity Status Phase 1: Conduct Airborne TACAN Compatibility Validation Complete 2/2017 Approach Construct a hardware-in-the-loop laboratory environment and conduct laboratory testing using selected equipment of interests (i.e. TACAN, UAT, etc.). Phase 1: Final report for Phase 1 activity on interference testing involving airborne TACAN equipment. Complete 2/2017 Phase 2: Conduct Airborne and Ground Co-Site Compatibility Validation In Progress Phase 3: Conduct CNPC Coexistence Compatibility and Link Budget Validation Planning Issues & Risks Period of Performance Contract award for L-Band radios and support delayed. This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 and 3.4 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Contribute to RTCA 228 s effort to maturing standards for command and non-payload communications for UAS flying within point-to-point of a ground transmitter for the UAS ground control station. The results from this task will help determine the viability of use of L-Band frequencies for CNPC operations. FY2016 FY2018 Program Manager Partners Ben Bradley, ANG-C21 TBD Sponsor Research Performers Steve VanTrees, AIR-130 (RTCA SC-228, WG2-C2 Co-chair WJTC
Secure Command and Control Link with Interference Mitigation A11L.UAS.35 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - Interference cancellation and mitigation techniques to establish secure communication between unmanned aircraft and control station Activity Status Complete - 10/2016 Project Kick-off Meeting Approach The research will implement transceivers for UAS communications, evaluate relevant interference/jamming scenarios, and develop robust architectures to suppress different types of jammers in a wide variety of settings. Adaptive channel coding will be combined with spread spectrum techniques to realize large coding gain and multi- user interference/jamming mitigation. Characterize and Implement Operational Constraints of Existing MOPS Based Radios Complete 11/2016 Test and evaluation of security schemes for SC-228 Phase 1 Nov 2017 Final Report Dec 2017 Issues & Risks Period of Performance Phases 2 and 3 have been canceled, only Phase 1 will be completed Phase 1 period of performance has been extended through December 2017 with associated funding to support project wrap-up This Research supports section 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Assessment of multi-user interference and jamming in the evaluated waveforms Recommended efficient and effective mitigations against all types of jamming in the evaluated waveforms FY2016 FY2017 Program Manager Partners Ben Bradley, ANG-C21 N/A Sponsor Research Performers Sabrina Saunders-Hodge The Ohio State University
UAS Maintenance, Modification, Repair, Inspection, Training, and Certification Considerations A11L.UAS.15 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - To develop standards for UAS maintenance, modification, repair, inspection, and technician training, and to identify requirements for approved certification standards for air vehicle and system maintenance providers and maintenance technicians. Activity Status Perform literature review of relevant publications, standards, and regulatory requirements for manned and unmanned aircraft maintenance. Complete 6/2016 Review of Existing UAS Maintenance Data - Report Complete 10/2016 Approach Determine differences in practices and standards between manned and unmanned aircraft related to maintenance, repair, record keeping, accident reporting, training, and technical documentation. Discover associations between these practices and standards and the Risk Class of the aircraft in order to determine if criteria for maintenance, records, and training should differ. In-depth analysis of composite and non-metallic structures Complete 3/2017 Final report Complete 7/2017 Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.2 and 3.3.1 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Create recommendations defining standards for maintenance, records and training for all classes of unmanned air vehicles Identify training standards for all Risk Classes of UAS and inform on opportunities to integrate these standards into existing manned aircraft technician training and certification requirements Only risk involves the timeliness of FAA review, comments, and research performer disposition of those comments before the end of the period of performance (Note: There is no follow-on work past the end of FY17). FY2016 FY2017 Program Manager Partners Karl Garman, ANG-C21 Douvalis Labs Sponsor Research Performers Robert Keenum, AFS-320 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Montana State University Kansas State University
Fuel Cell Energy Supply Systems for UAV Systems and Aerospace Applications A11L.UAS.38 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - Identify the Safety risk based upon a system of open/closed cathode PEM fuel cell concept in which the cathode reactant and coolant delivery systems are shared. The simplicity of the air-cooled stack and its reduced balance of plant make it attractive for smaller UAS applications in general, while the closed cathode (oxygen-using) component of the design is beneficial for dense air and high altitude applications. These systems are proposed to give UAV more time on station at high altitude. Activity Status Contract award Complete 10/2016 Fuel cell design effort to meet air/oxygen requirements 1QFY18 Complete system requirements and specifications 1QFY18 Approach - Leverage the work in the Electrical System TCRG and target UAV system applications of fuel cell systems. Participation in the FAA ARC on Fuel cells that include UAS On-going Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.4.3 and 3.1.5.3 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Initiate design and testing as described in Project Plan. This will include identifying, building and testing prototypes necessary to identify and quantify the short term and long term risks to current and future safety associated with fuel cell systems for aerospace applications including a potential failure mode and effect FY2016 FY2019 Program Manager Sponsor Claude Jones, ANG-C21 Stephen Slotte, ANM-11 Mike Walz, ANG-E271 Wes Ryan, ACE-113 Partners Research Performers S&T Electrical and Wiring Systems Interagency Group WJHTC Energy Supply Device Aviation Rulemaking Committee SAE AE7 Fuel
Lithium Batteries and Battery Systems for UAV A11L.UAS.39 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - UAS Li Battery requirement is addressing a broad range of safety issues, but will focus on a more detailed investigation of thermal runaway in efforts of developing consistent testing approaches leading to increased safety for aerospace vehicles. Activity Status Complete 10/2016 Contract award Completed Project Plan Approach - The program will have commercial involvement and oversight from a Commercial Advisory Board (CAB) comprising General Atomics and Boeing Phantom Works. 1QFY18 Preliminary test plan TBD Initiate Testing Participation in the SAE AE7 and RTCA SC 225, SC-235 and DO-311 On-going Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.4.3 and 3.1.5.3 of the UAS Implementation Plan. This program will be used to establish validation methods to be used in aerospace industry standards from RTCA and SAE on re chargeable LI Battery system that are directly applicable all UAS systems. This program is directly supporting working RTCA SC-225 and SAE AE-7B, with a EUROCAE counterpart for each committee. FY2016-FY2020 Program Manager Partners RTCA WG 226, SAE AE7B, NASA JSC, UL Claude Jones, ANG-C21 Mike Walz, ANG-E271 S&T Electrical System and Wiring Group Sponsor Research Performers Nazih Khaouly, ANM-111 WJHTC
UAS Weather Needs Need/Approach Major Activities Activity Status Need - There is little understanding about weather information that would be most beneficial to support safe and efficient UAS operations. This effort is intended to provide an assessment of UAS weather requirements, current capabilities, and information gaps that will require modification or development of new weather products. Identified UAS Wx stakeholders Complete 2/2016 Catalog of UAS types, mission types, and weather considerations Complete 3/2016 Analysis on weather impacts and preliminary user needs Complete 9/2016 Approach - Create a catalog of UAS types, mission types, and weather impacts to develop weather use cases and establish a baseline for weather information needs. This effort will identify weather information gaps and develop a research roadmap to close those gaps. Analysis on UAS weather information gaps Complete 2/2017 Preliminary research roadmap to address UAS weather information gaps Complete 2/2017 Address improvements for UAS weather information On -going Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.5 of the UAS Implementation Plan. This research will provide a better understanding of: Weather products that would be most beneficial for UAS operations Research that is needed to refine existing weather products for UAS operations New weather capabilities that should be developed for UAS operations FY2016 FY2017 Program Manager Partners UAS R&D Portfolio Branch (ANG- C21) Lyndsay Digneo, ANG-C63 UAS Engineering Branch (ANG-C35) Sponsor Research Performers Aviation Weather Research Program (AWRP) , ANG-C6 MIT/LL
UAS Human Factors Control Station Design Standards A11L.UAS.30 Need/Approach Major Activities Need A function allocation strategy does not exist for civil UAS. Minimum standards and guidelines do not exist for civil UAS control stations. Crewmember training and certification requirements do not exist for civil UAS operations. Visual observer training and certification requirements do not exist for civil UAS operations. Activity Status Draft Function Allocation Recommendations for Taxi, Takeoff, and Landing Complete - 4/2017 Function Allocation Recommendations for Navigation, Communication, and Contingency Complete 5/2017 Approach Four separate, but highly interdependent, research areas need to be addressed: Function Allocation between UAS Pilot and System Automation, Control Station Standards and Guidelines, Crewmember Training and Certification, and Visual Observer Requirements. Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports sections 3.1.4.2 and 3.1.5.2 of the UAS Implementation Plan. This research will address gaps in knowledge that are currently a barrier to the safe, efficient, and timely integration of UAS into the NAS FY2015 FY2017 Program Manager Partners Ashley Awwad, ANG-C1 FAA (ANG, AFS) Sponsor Research Performers ASSURE UAS Center of Excellence Stephen Plishka, AUS WJHTC
sUAS Detection at Airports A11L.UAS.36 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - Assessment of newly emerging UAS detection system technologies in a variety of airport environments Activity Status Deploy and evaluate CACi, Liteye & Sensofusion detection system at DEN Complete - 11/2016 Approach Document the performance capabilities and limitations of various types detection technologies via operational evaluations, vendor interviews, literature review, and data analysis. Conduct research and analysis to produce interim findings with the UAS COE on current DoD and DHS assessments of UAS detection technologies and systems Deploy and evaluate Gryphon s detection system at DFW Complete - 4/2017 Data Analysis for UAS Center of Excellence (ASSURE) and Congressional reports Ongoing Issues & Risks This Research supports section 3.8.6 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Assess the feasibility of integrating candidate UAS detection technology with airport operations Identification of relevant performance parameters and limitations for distinct classes of UAS detection system technologies Identification of operational detection challenges in varying airport environments using single and multi-sensor detection systems Collection of data that provides a critical evaluation of UAS detection system technologies capabilities and limitations Data analysis extending into FY18 per COE grant Period of Performance FY2016 FY2017 Program Manager Partners Elizabeth Soltys, AUS-410 Industry, DoD, DHS, FBI, DoE, US Secret Service Sponsor Research Performers Rob Pappas, AUS-410 WJHTC
sUAS In and Around Busy Commercial Airspace A11L.UAS.42 Need/Approach Major Activities Need -Three primary purposes: (a) understand/integrate data across numerous uses/users; (b) understand and forecast UAS activities and operational implications of NAS integration; and (c) formulation of a quantitative framework to formulate/evaluate regulations. Activity Status FAA/TRB UAS Forecasting Workshop Complete 10/2016 Project Kick-off Meeting Complete 12/2016 Approach - Organized as combination of reports/analytical framework: UAS Data Catalog: Internal Research across Agencies and Outside UAS Industry Outreach Synthesis: Summarizing Industry Interactions UAS Forecasts: Methods and Forecasts UAS Regulatory Risk Profile and Cost: Analysis Document Technical Exchange Meeting Complete 1/2017 Data Catalogue Delivered Complete 4/2017 Final Report On track - 3/2018 Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.4.1 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Integrated UAS data together with forecasting leading to harmonious integration, improved regulations and overall safety Data availability Benchmark current activities and forecast short/long range Safety implications and regulations of UAS integrations into NAS FY2016 FY2018 Program Manager Partners Claude Jones, ANG-C21 N/A Mike Lukacs, APO-100 Research Performers Sponsor The MITRE Corporation Nan Shellabarger Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CASSD)
Assessing the Risk of UAS Integration A11L.UAS.49 Need/Approach Major Activities Need - This study will inform current and future rulemaking and the work of the new UAS Safety Team by focusing on methodologies to characterize the risk of UAS and manned aircraft interactions. The study also supports Section 2210 of the 2016 FAA Reauthorization. Activity Status May 2017 Award Contract 9/2017 Establishment of Committee Planned 9/2017 9/ 2018 Approach National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine will appoint an ad-hoc committee with representation from industry, academia, and government to undertake a study to evaluate the potential of probabilistic assessments of risks and other risk assessment methods for streamlining the process of integrating unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the national airspace system (NAS) and identify supporting research and development opportunities in this field. Convene Four Committee Meetings 10/2018 Deliver Report to Sponsor Issues & Risks Period of Performance This Research supports section 3.1.5.3 of the UAS Implementation Plan. Streamlined risk assessment processes and performance-based goals and milestones enabling the FAA to make short-term (1-5 years), mid-term (5-10) years, and long-term (10-20 years) decisions related to the safe integration of UAS in the NAS. FY2017 FY2018 Program Manager Partners Claude Jones, ANG-C21 N/A Sponsor Research Performers AUS-300 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine
