The Impact of Hearing Loss and the Role of Audiologists
Assessment and Treatment of
Hearing Loss
Pam Cooke, Au.D.
Port Perry Audiology
905-985-3166
info@audiologist.ca
Hearing loss
•
Is the second most prevalent cause of living with
a disability after depression
[
Mathers et al (2003) and
Weinstein (2011)]
•
Is recognized by the World Health Organization
as being in the top 3 of their Global Burden of
Disease along with depression and arthritis
(
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets
)
•
Can accelerate some disabilities such as
cognitive dysfunction and depression
•
Can be mistaken for cognitive concerns
Impact
1 in 5 Canadians aged 20 to 79 (an estimated 4.6 million
adults) have hearing loss.
Aging is the leading cause of hearing loss
(Cruickshanks et al.
2003)
, with measured hearing loss rising sharply after age 40,
to reach 44% at ages 60-69, 65% at ages 70 to 79 and 90%
over the age of 80
(Cruickshanks et al. 1998)
.
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-003-x/2015007/article/14206-
eng.htm
Statistics
Hearing loss can lead to:
•
An increased risk of poverty
(Jung et al. 2012)
•
Social isolation
(Arlinger, 2003)
•
Increased need for support services and hospital care
(Schneider, 2010)
•
Depression, withdrawal, stress, anger and fatigue
causing damage to families and relationships
(Chia, 2007);
(
Sindhusake
,
2001)
Impact
In summary, the impact of hearing loss includes:
•
Restricted quality of life
•
Increased cost to healthcare systems
•
Increased dependence on social services
•
Lost contributions to the economy and to communities
Hearing loss can be managed to reduce the impact
Impact
An audiologist is an independent, professional provider
of primary hearing health care, who specializes in the
conservation of hearing and in the identification,
assessment, management, and treatment of hearing
and balance disorders.
https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
What is an Audiologist?
Audiologists hold a master’s or doctoral degree in
audiology from an accredited university, and are,
in most provinces, licensed or otherwise
governed by a regulatory body.
Audiologists serve in a number of roles including
clinician, diagnostician, therapist, educator,
consultant, researcher, and administrator.
https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
What is an Audiologist?
•
Identification
•
Treatment
•
Counselling
•
Cerumen management
•
Educational consulting
•
Vestibular Assessment and Rehabilitation
•
Newborn Hearing Screening programs
•
Involvement in auditory implant teams
•
Coordinate hearing conservation programs
•
Intraoperative Monitoring
•
Advocacy
•
Research
https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
Scope of Practice
The outermost part of the ear
is
called the pinna. The pinna acts
like a funnel directing sound waves
into the ear canal.
The sound waves then travel
through the ear canal to the ear
drum.
The sound waves vibrate the ear
drum and those vibrations are
transmitted to the middle ear.
How We Hear: Outer Ear
How We Hear: Middle Ear
The middle ear is made up of the
hammer, anvil, and stirrup bones.
These three bones are the smallest
in the body and are collectively
known as the ossicles.
The ossicles amplify and transfer
the sound vibrations from the ear
drum to the inner ear.
hammer
anvil
stirrup
How We Hear: Inner Ear
The inner ear is made up of the
semicircular canals and the
cochlea.
Each part of the inner ear is very
different in form and function to the
human body.
semicircular canals
cochlea
Inner Ear: Semicircular Canals
The semicircular canals are the
portion of the ear that helps detect
movement and maintain balance.
The semicircular canals are filled
with fluid, and as we move, it is that
fluid that allows us to detect the
movement and maintain our
balance.
semicircular canals
Inner Ear: The Cochlea
The cochlea houses the organ of
Corti.
As sound vibrations move
through the cochlea, they vibrate
the microscopic hair cells found
within the organ of Corti.
The vibrations of these hair cells
trigger the electrical impulses sent
to the brain from the auditory
nerve, allowing us to hear.
cochlea
auditory nerve
Audiological Assessment
Deciphering an Audiogram
Hearing loss is described in
degree, shape and nature
,
not in
percentages
…
Degree of Hearing Loss
•
Digital hearing aids contain sophisticated sound processing
software algorithms that tailor the response to the individual
patient’s needs
•
Bilateral amplification is recommended to help improve
communication in noise and sound localization ability
•
Consistent use is key, as is providing intervention sooner rather
than later
•
90% of people with hearing loss can improve communication with
properly fitted hearing aids and rehabilitative counselling
[McArdle R
et al.
(2005), Boothroyd (2007), Hawkins (2005)]
•
Assistive Listening Devices: Pocket Talkers, remote microphones,
amplified telephones and FM systems
•
Implantable devices: Cochlear Implants, Bone Anchored Hearing
Devices and Middle Ear Drivers
Amplification
•
After recording significant improvements in the
psychological state and mental functions of a
population of hearing aid users age 65 +,
Acar et al.
(2011)
concluded that using
hearing aids
are a good
solution for the hearing impaired.
•
Hearing aids improve adults’ health-related quality of
life by reducing the psychological, social, and
emotional effects of hearing loss.
(
Chisolm, T et al. 2007)
Benefits of Amplification
Tips for Communicating with
Hearing Aid Users
●
Speak clearly, slowly and naturally
●
Move closer away from background noise
●
Face the listener and ensure that they can
see your face
●
If the listener misunderstands you, try to
rephrase what you are saying
●
Turn off sources of background noise
(television, fans)
Having an audiological assessment is quick,
easy, and painless. If you are questioning your
hearing, it is the first step to better hearing.
You do not need a referral from your family
physician to schedule a hearing test.
Thank you for your time.
2021/5/28
I would like to thank Gail for inviting me to speak with all of you today. I have prepared some basic information about Hearing loss, and what to do if you have concerns about your hearing. If anyone has any questions about anything, please let me know.
Hearing loss is a prevalent issue affecting millions of adults globally, with aging being a significant factor. The impact of hearing loss includes increased risks of cognitive dysfunction, depression, social isolation, and economic burdens. Audiologists play a crucial role in the assessment, management, and treatment of hearing and balance disorders to improve quality of life and reduce the societal impact of hearing impairment.
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Presentation Transcript
Assessment and Treatment of Hearing Loss Pam Cooke, Au.D. Port Perry Audiology 905-985-3166 info@audiologist.ca
Impact Hearing loss Is the second most prevalent cause of living with a disability after depression [Mathers et al (2003) and Weinstein (2011)] Is recognized by the World Health Organization as being in the top 3 of their Global Burden of Disease along with depression and arthritis (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets) Can accelerate some disabilities such as cognitive dysfunction and depression Can be mistaken for cognitive concerns
Statistics 1 in 5 Canadians aged 20 to 79 (an estimated 4.6 million adults) have hearing loss. Aging is the leading cause of hearing loss (Cruickshanks et al. 2003), with measured hearing loss rising sharply after age 40, to reach 44% at ages 60-69, 65% at ages 70 to 79 and 90% over the age of 80 (Cruickshanks et al. 1998) . http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-003-x/2015007/article/14206- eng.htm
Impact Hearing loss can lead to: An increased risk of poverty (Jung et al. 2012) Social isolation (Arlinger, 2003) Increased need for support services and hospital care (Schneider, 2010) Depression, withdrawal, stress, anger and fatigue causing damage to families and relationships (Chia, 2007); (Sindhusake, 2001)
Impact In summary, the impact of hearing loss includes: Restricted quality of life Increased cost to healthcare systems Increased dependence on social services Lost contributions to the economy and to communities Hearing loss can be managed to reduce the impact
What is an Audiologist? An audiologist is an independent, professional provider of primary hearing health care, who specializes in the conservation of hearing and in the identification, assessment, management, and treatment of hearing and balance disorders. https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
What is an Audiologist? Audiologists hold a master s or doctoral degree in audiology from an accredited university, and are, in most provinces, licensed or otherwise governed by a regulatory body. Audiologists serve in a number of roles including clinician, diagnostician, therapist, educator, consultant, researcher, and administrator. https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
Scope of Practice Identification Treatment Counselling Cerumen management Educational consulting Vestibular Assessment and Rehabilitation Newborn Hearing Screening programs Involvement in auditory implant teams Coordinate hearing conservation programs Intraoperative Monitoring Advocacy Research https://canadianaudiology.ca/professional-resources/scope-of-practice/
How We Hear: Outer Ear The outermost part of the ear is called the pinna. The pinna acts like a funnel directing sound waves into the ear canal. The sound waves then travel through the ear canal to the ear drum. The sound waves vibrate the ear drum and those vibrations are transmitted to the middle ear.
How We Hear: Middle Ear The middle ear is made up of the hammer, anvil, and stirrup bones. These three bones are the smallest in the body and are collectively known as the ossicles. stirrup The ossicles amplify and transfer the sound vibrations from the ear drum to the inner ear. anvil hammer
How We Hear: Inner Ear The inner ear is made up of the semicircular canals and the cochlea. semicircular canals Each part of the inner ear is very different in form and function to the human body. cochlea
Inner Ear: Semicircular Canals semicircular canals The semicircular canals are the portion of the ear that helps detect movement and maintain balance. The semicircular canals are filled with fluid, and as we move, it is that fluid that allows us to detect the movement and maintain our balance.
Inner Ear: The Cochlea The cochlea houses the organ of Corti. auditory nerve As sound vibrations move through the cochlea, they vibrate the microscopic hair cells found within the organ of Corti. cochlea The vibrations of these hair cells trigger the electrical impulses sent to the brain from the auditory nerve, allowing us to hear.
Degree of Hearing Loss Hearing loss is described in degree, shape and nature, not in percentages
Amplification Digital hearing aids contain sophisticated sound processing software algorithms that tailor the response to the individual patient s needs Bilateral amplification is recommended to help improve communication in noise and sound localization ability Consistent use is key, as is providing intervention sooner rather than later 90% of people with hearing loss can improve communication with properly fitted hearing aids and rehabilitative counselling [McArdle R et al. (2005), Boothroyd (2007), Hawkins (2005)] Assistive Listening Devices: Pocket Talkers, remote microphones, amplified telephones and FM systems Implantable devices: Cochlear Implants, Bone Anchored Hearing Devices and Middle Ear Drivers
Benefits of Amplification After recording significant improvements in the psychological state and mental functions of a population of hearing aid users age 65 +,Acar et al. (2011) concluded that using hearing aids are a good solution for the hearing impaired. Hearing aids improve adults health-related quality of life by reducing the psychological, social, and emotional effects of hearing loss. (Chisolm, T et al. 2007)
Tips for Communicating with Hearing Aid Users Speak clearly, slowly and naturally Move closer away from background noise Face the listener and ensure that they can see your face If the listener misunderstands you, try to rephrase what you are saying Turn off sources of background noise (television, fans)
Having an audiological assessment is quick, easy, and painless. If you are questioning your hearing, it is the first step to better hearing. You do not need a referral from your family physician to schedule a hearing test. Thank you for your time.
