The Decedents of Confederation: Canadian Prime Ministers
Explore the history of Canadian Prime Ministers such as Sir John A. Macdonald, Alexander Mackenzie, Sir John Abbott, Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, Sir Mackenzie Bowell, and Sir Charles Tupper. Learn about their contributions, backgrounds, and political legacies in shaping Canada as a nation.
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The Decedents of Confederation CANADIAN PRIME MINISTERS EVAN SAUVE
Sir John A. Macdonald (1867-1873) I was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1815. I served Canada for a total of 19 years (only second to Mackenzie King). I was a Father of Confederation. My middle name was Alexander.
Alexander Mackenzie (1873-1878) I was born in Logierait, Perthshire, Scotland in 1822. I was a building contractor and a newspaper editor. I was asked by Governor General Lord Dufferin to form a new government. As a Liberal, I succeeded Macdonald when his government fell due to the Pacific Scandal.
Sir John A. Macdonald (1878-1891) I was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1815. I emigrated to Kingston, Ontario as a boy. I pushed for the British North America Act. I served Canada twice, only losing PM status for five years over a corruption of financing in the Canadian Pacific Railway. This conflict was known as the Pacific Scandal.
Sir John Abbott (1891-1892) I was born in Saint-Andre, Quebec in 1821. I received a Bachelor of Civil Law from McGill College (now McGill University). I am one of only two Prime Ministers who served while being a member of the Senate (not the House of Commons). I considered myself a caretaker Prime Minister, and took over after Macdonald s death in 1891.
Sir John Sparrow David Thompson (1892-1894) I was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia in 1845. I was the fifth Premier of Nova Scotia. I was a lawyer and judge, as well as the Minister of Law. The first Criminal Code of Canada is credited as one of my achievements. I was the first Roman Catholic to hold office.
Sir Mackenzie Bowell (1894-1896) I was born in Rickinghall, England in 1823. I was instrumental in having Louis Riel expelled from the House of Commons. I am the second of only two Prime Ministers to serve the office as a member of the Senate. I faced the Manitoba Schools Question. Because of my indecisiveness on this issue, I was asked (forced) to step down by my cabinet. They felt I was incompetent.
Sir Charles Tupper (1896-1896) I was born in Amherst, Nova Scotia in 1821. I graduated from Edinburgh Medical School in 1843 (MD). As the Premier, I established public education in Nova Scotia. I took over from Bowell s leave as Prime Minister. My term lasted 69 days.
Sir Wilfrid Laurier (1896-1911) I was born in Saint-Lin, Quebec in 1841. I hold the record for longest- serving member in the House of Commons (nearly 45 years). I was Canada s first francophone Prime Minister. You might recognise my face; it s on the $5 bill.
Sir Robert Borden (1911-1920) I was born in Grand-Pre, Nova Scotia in 1854. I am mostly known for being the Prime Minister during World War I. While I was Prime Minister, most Canadian women won the right to vote. After retiring from public life, I served as the chancellor at Queen s University. You might recognise my face; it s on the $100 bill.
Arthur Meighen (1920-1921) I was born in Anderson, Ontario in 1874. I served two terms in office. I am the only Prime Minister to have representing a riding from Manitoba. When Borden resigned, I served the remainder of his mandate.
William Lyon Mackenzie King (1921-1926) I was born in Berlin, Ontario (renamed Kitchener during WWI for obvious reasons) in 1874. I was very interested in the human condition. My motto was, Help those that cannot help themselves. I played a major role in laying the foundations of the Canadian welfare state.
Arthur Meighen (1926-1926) I was the first Prime Minister born after Confederation. Both of my terms in office were very brief. After serving as Prime Minister, I served the Senate for a decade. I had a failed political comeback in 1941-1942.
William Lyon Mackenzie King (1926-1930) According to my biographies, I lacked the characteristics of a great leader. Voters did not like me. I lacked charisma and a commanding presence. I was cold and tactless when it came to human relations. I kept my beliefs in the supernatural a secret. I believed I could stay in contact with dead people through seances, especially my mother and my dog. This intense spirituality distorted my understanding of Adolf Hitler.
Richard Bedford Bennett (1930-1935) I was born in Hopewell Hill, New Brunswick in 1870. I have a degree in law from Dalhousie University. I am most-known for being the Prime Minister during the Great Depression and was unfairly blamed for it in Canada. After being defeated for office, I moved to England and was elevated to the peerage of Viscount.
William Lyon Mackenzie King (1935-1948) I led the Liberal Party for over 29 years. A survey of scholars by Maclean s magazine (1997) ranked me first of all Canadian Prime Ministers. You might recognise my face; it s on the $50 bill. With a total of three separate terms, I served as Prime Minister for 22 years (more than any other Prime Minister).
Louis St-Laurent (1948-1957) I was born in Compton, Quebec in 1882. I was a Liberal with a strong base in the Catholic francophone community. Mackenzie King and I agreed on many policies, though I hated communism more and was less scared of the United States. I transformed Canada from a little role to a middle power. I was enthusiastic about Canada joining NATO (1949) to fight Communist totalitarianism.
John Diefenbaker (1957-1963) I was born Neustadt, Ontario in 1895. I was the first Prime Minister of Canada to appoint a female minister to my Cabinet, and the first to appoint a First Nations person to the Senate. I cancelled the Avro Arrow project. While in office, my government obtained passage of the Canadian Bill of Rights. This granted the vote to First Nations peoples. I built a nuclear bunker in Carp, Ontario in case a nuclear war started, and did not allow America to install nuclear defense missiles in Canada.
Lester B. Pearson (1963-1968) I was born in Newtonbrook, Toronto, Ontario in 1897. My government introduced universal health care, student loans, the Canadian Pension Plan, the Order of Canada and the new flag of Canada. My government also abolished capital punishment. I organised the United Nations Emergency Force to resolve the Suez Canal Crisis. For this, I was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. I allowed America to install nuclear defense missiles in Canada during the height of the Cold War. There is an NHL trophy named after me.
Pierre Elliot Trudeau (1968-1979) I was born in Montreal, Quebec in 1919. I am the only Canadian Prime Minister to appear in an issue of X-Men comics. Before being Prime Minister, I was the Minister of Justice. My government (Liberal) established the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and made divorce and abortion easier to obtain legally, as well as decriminalizing sexual relations between gay people. I said the government has no business in the bedrooms of the nation and told the opposition to f--- off during Parliament, then denied it.
Joe Clark (1979-1980) I was born in High River, Alberta in 1939. I took office before my 40th birthday, making me the youngest person to become Prime Minister (Conservative). Today, I am a university professor. I was voted out of parliament on a motion of non-confidence, ending my ten-month term.
Pierre Elliot Trudeau (1980-1984) I came out of retirement exclusively to kick Joe Clark out of office and re- establish a Liberal prime ministership. My personal motto was Reason before passion though I m probably better known for saying Just watch me. FLQ, October Crisis and the War Measures act are all things associated with me. I had the youth vote, due to presenting myself as a single, modern, partying, outspoken and person who dated attractive women.
John Turner (1984-1984) I was born in Deer Park, Toronto, Ontario in 1929. When I was in office, Jeanne Sauve was the Governor General. Jean Chr tien was my deputy. After being elected to office (Liberal), I dissolved Parliament. I lost the 1984 election by a landslide. My term last 79 days (second shortest in Canadian history).
Brian Mulroney (1984-1993) I was born in Baie-Comeau, Quebec in 1939. I was a lawyer and a business man in Montreal prior to my political career. My government (Conservative) rejected the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord. My government is marked by introducing the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement and the Goods and Services Tax.
Kim Campbell (1993-1993) I was born in Port Alberni, British Columbia in 1947. I was the first baby boomer Prime Minister. I was appointed to this position by Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn after Mulroney retired, rather than being elected. I never sat in Parliament as Prime Minister. I am the first and only female Prime Minister of Canada.
Jean Chretien (1993-2003) I was born in Shawinigan, Quebec in 1934. I served on Trudeau s cabinet in various posts, prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. My government (Liberal) advanced the Youth Criminal Justice Act. I supported official bilingualism and multiculturalism. I strongly opposed the Quebec separatist movement.
Paul Martin (2003-2006) I was born in Windsor, Ontario in 1938. I served as Minister of Finance between 1993 and 2002. I had a lot of success in this position. While I was Prime Minister, (Liberal) same sex marriage became legal. A no-confidence vote was forced while I was in office. I was defeated by the Conservative Party and stepped down as Prime Minister, but not as leader of the Liberal party. I have a street named after me in Pembroke, Ontario.
Stephen Harper (2006-present) I was born in Toronto, Ontario in 1959. I have served as the MP of the Calgary Southwest riding. In May 2011, my (Conservative) government became a majority government.
Justin Trudeau (2015-present) I was born in Ottawa, Ontario on Christmas Day in 1971. Before entering politics in 2008, I was a high school drama teacher. Once elected Prime Minister (Liberal), I appointed a cabinet that was precisely 50% female. Under my leadership, marijuana was legalized across Canada in 2018.
