Smart Grid and Demand Response Potential in Residential Energy Usage
This research explores the potential of Demand Response (DR) in residential energy consumption to balance electricity production and consumption, particularly in light of the variability of renewable energy sources. Emphasizing load shifting strategies from peak to off-peak hours, the study highlights the significant DR potential in managing electricity use in residential buildings, focusing on different appliances' flexibility and DR capabilities.
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ELEC-E8423 - Smart Grid Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses Juha Piipponen Joonas Saarela 05.03.2018
Introduction Demand Response Energy use in residential buildings DR potential in residential energy usage Controlling of residential energy usage for DR Conclusion Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 2
Demand response Electricity production must meet the consumption New renewable energy sources are highly variable Solution is to shift loads from peak hours to low-demand hours Rakennusksen kysynt joustomollinnuksen vaatimusten m ritys, Kreetta Manninen Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 3
DR in residential buildings Frequency controlled primary reserves Secondary reserves in disturbance Power sink Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 4
Electricity use in residential building Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses Data: https://www.vattenfall.fi/energiane uvonta/sahkonkulutus/ 05.03.2018 Page 5
Flexibility and load shifting Appliance DR Potential (hr) Loads can be divided into two categories: Critical loads Cooking, illumination Non-critical loads Heating Dish and clothes washing Table in right represents the maximum time that the device use can be postponed Washing Machine 4 Clothes Dryer 1 Dish Washer 5 Water Heater Storage 3 Water Heater Direct - Refrigerator & Freezer 1 Air Conditioner 1 Space Heating Storage 5 Space Heating - Direct 1 Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses Get Smart, Lui et al 2010 05.03.2018 Page 6
DR Potential in residential energy usage 500 000 - 600 000 Electrically heated houses in finland With AMR (Automatic meter reading) over 1000MW of heating energy could be utilized in DR With smart management system 1800MW or more Smart systems also includes possibilities to include other electrical devices to DR Needs to be considered: Heat gains, comfort.. Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 7
Controlling of energy usage for DR Home electronic management system (HEMS) AMR with load control Manually Other automatic system Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses ThereHome-k ytt liittym n suunnittelu ja toteutus, Timo Haapio 05.03.2018 Page 8
Conclusions Residential buildings has a massive potential in DR Electrical heating in households in one of the biggest DR potential With smart systems in households the potential could be increased especially in the future when amount of electrical vehicles is higher Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 9
Source material used https://www.vattenfall.fi/energianeuvonta/sahkonkulutus/sahkolaitteiden-energiankulutus/ S hk n kysynt jouston toteuttaminen kotitalouksissa, Mikael Kauppinen, https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/20888 Kysynn njouston pilottiprojekti, Ilkka Palola, There Corporation Oy ThereHome-k ytt liittym n suunnittelu ja toteutus, Timo Haapio, https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/73789/Timo_Haapio.pdf?sequence=1 Rakennusksen kysynt joustomollinnuksen vaatimusten m ritys, Kreetta Manninen, https://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/134517/Diplomityo_Manninen_Kreetta.pdf?sequenc e=2 Joseph Lui, Warwick Stirling and Henry O. Marcy, Get smart, IEEE Power and Energy Mag., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 66 78, May 2010. Electrical energy use in residential buildings, flexibility and DR potential of different energy uses 05.03.2018 Page 10
