Significance of Plant Physiology in Agriculture
INTRODUCTION, SCOPE,
AND
IMPORTANCE
OF
PLANT
PHYSIOLOGY
DR. JYOTI
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
PRESENTED BY
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
INTRODUCT
ION
2
•
Plants
lack
locomotion ,Plants
have
to
complete
their
life
cycle
and
die
at
same place
where
they
germinate.
Plants
stand
exposed
to
all
three
seasons both
favourable
and
unfavourable
environmental
conditions
•
Plants
develops
several
physical
and
chemical
mechanism
to
overcome
conditions
such
as
high
wind
,high
temperature,
heavy
rains
,water
logged
state
,marshy
,saline
and
alkaline
soil
etc.
•
Plant
physiology
probes
about
the
cellular
,biochemical
and
biophysical
mechanisms
that
develops
in
order
to
perform
their
functions such
as
abiotic
stress
conditions.
•
Plant
physiology
tries
to
explain how
these
seasonal
functioning
is
possible
in
plants
from
germination
,
flowering.
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
3
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
D
E
FINITI
ON
Structural
and
functional
relationships
of
plants
•
OR
Or
Study
of
life
activities,
responses
and
functions
of
plants
•
OR
It is
branch
of
botany
which
deals
with
various
functional
aspects
of
plants
is
called
Plant
physiology
•
OR
It
is
the
science
which
deals
with
the
functions
of
cells,
tissues,
organs
or
plant
as a
whole
4
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
5
Scope
and
importance
of
plant
Physiology
•
Plant
physiology
is
important
relating
to
fruits,
vegetables
and
other
consumable
plant
parts of
plants.
•
It
include
the
study
of
climatic
requirements
,fruit
drop,nutrition,ripining
,fruit
set,
optimal
planting
and harvesting
times
and
post harvest
storage
of
plant products
for
human
consumption
and
also
includes
the
production
of
secondary
products
like
drug
and
cosmetics.
•
Plants
are
the
primary
producers
of
ecosystem.
Photosynthesis
forms
the
basis
for
productivity
in
any
ecosystem.
•
The knowledge
of
plant physiology
can
help, not
only
to
predict
the
performance
of
plant but
also
manipulate
its
growth
and
development
to
increase the
contents
of
desired
raw
material
such
as
sucrose
in
sugarcane
,oil
in
oilseeds
rubber
in
rubber
plants.
•
Disease
frost
and
drought,
resistant
varieties
have
been
developed.
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
6
•
Fruit
physiology
deals
with
development
,ripening
,nutrition
and
yield
of
fruit
plants
Its
study
helps
in
increasing
the
yield and
quality
of
fruit
crops.
•
Plant
physiology
helps
to
manipulate
plant growth
to
achieve higher
crop
yields. It
can
be
achieved
by external
applications of nutrients,
phytohormones
and
other
plant growth
regulators.
For
ex.
Ethylene
and
carbide
for
fruit
repining
GA
Gor
grape
fruit
development
IAA
to
induce
flowering
in
pineapple
.
•
Plant
growth
regulators
(PGR)
are
available
in
market
for
foliar
spray
to
agronomic
and
horticultural
crops.
•
Fruit
physiology
deals
with
development
,ripining ,nutrition and yield
of fruits.
Its
study
helps
to
increase
the yield
and
quality
of fruit
crops
•
Post
harvest
physiology
develops
ways
and
means
to
store
harvested
plant
parts
like
grains,
fruits
tubers
for
long
periods without
spoilage
Thus
the
shelf
life
period
of
fruits
and
vegetables can
be
improved.
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
7
•
PTC
is
used
employed
in
micropropagtion,
haploid
production,
somaclonal
variations
somatic
hybrids
cell
line
.For
this
proper
knowledge
of
plant
physiology
is
essential.
•
PTC
and
Protoplast
fusion
have
resulted
in
production
of
disease
free
new
varieties
of
crop.
•
Phytochemistry provides scope
to
understand
and
isolate
the
active chemicals
for
medicinal
and
other
properties
of
plant
parts.
Knowledge
of
plant
physiology
helps
in
improving
contents
of such
chemical
in
plants.
•
Plant
physiologist
are
in
demand
by
pharmaceutical
companies.
•
Stress
physiology
is
very
important
aspect
of
agriculture
and
horticulture.
•
Research
in
water
stress
and
antitranspirants
have
resulted
in
maximum
water
economy
in
plants.
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
8
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
9
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
10
•
Student
of
plant
physiology
not
only
to
know
the
plant
by
its
name
but
also
by
its
chemistry
,function
and
performance.
•
Person
with
knowledge
of
plant
physiology
are
in
good
demand
in
industries
based
on
plant
product,
processing.
•
Students
of
plant
physiology
are
well
trained
in
biochemical
techniques
like
chromatography,
electrophoresis
centrifugation
,spectral
analysis
phytochemical
analysis,
histochemical
and
plant
tissue
culture
technique.
•
This
helps
to
join
laboratories
involved
in
plant
Biotechnology,
agrobuiseness
,Pharmacy
etc.
•
They
can
establish
their
own
ventures
in
nursery
,landscape
gardening
PTC,
Phytochemical
analysis.
•
They
can
provide
consultancy
services
to
pharmacists,
farmers
and
people
invoved
in
plant
products
as
raw
materials.
THAN
K
S
11
drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
Plant physiology plays a crucial role in understanding how plants adapt to various environmental conditions, develop mechanisms to cope with stress, and optimize their growth and productivity. This branch of botany explores the structural and functional aspects of plants, delving into cellular, biochemical, and biophysical mechanisms. By studying plant physiology, we can enhance crop yields, quality of fruits, and even create disease-resistant varieties to sustainably meet global food demands.
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Presentation Transcript
INTRODUCTION, SCOPE, AND IMPORTANCE OFPLANT PHYSIOLOGY PRESENTED BY DR. JYOTI ASSISTANT PROFESSOR SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
INTRODUCT 2 ION Plants lack locomotion ,Plants have to complete their life cycle and die at same place where they germinate. Plants stand exposed to all three seasons both favourable and unfavourable environmental conditions Plants develops several physical and chemical mechanismto overcome conditions such as high wind ,high temperature, heavy rains ,waterlogged state ,marshy,saline and alkalinesoil etc. Plant physiology probes about the cellular ,biochemical and biophysical mechanisms that develops in order to perform their functions such as abiotic stress conditions. Plant physiology tries to explain how these seasonal functioningis possible in plants fromgermination, flowering. drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
3 drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
DEFINITI 4 ON Structural and functional relationships of plants OR Or Study of life activities, responses and functions of plants OR It is branch of botany which deals with various functional aspects of plants is called Plant physiology OR It is the science which deals with the functions of cells, tissues, organs or plant as a whole drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
Scope and importance of plant Physiology 5 Plant physiology is important relating to fruits, vegetables and other consumable plant parts of plants. It include the study of climatic requirements ,fruit drop,nutrition,ripining ,fruit set, optimal planting and harvesting times and post harvest storage of plant products for human consumption and also includes the production of secondary products like drug and cosmetics. Plants are the primary producers of ecosystem. Photosynthesis forms the basis for productivity in any ecosystem. The knowledge of plant physiology can help, not only to predict the performance of plant but also manipulate its growth and development to increase the contents of desired raw material such as sucrose in sugarcane ,oil in oilseeds rubber in rubber plants. Disease frost and drought, resistant varieties have been developed. drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
6 Fruit physiology deals with development ,ripening ,nutritionand yield of fruit plants Its study helps in increasing the yield and quality of fruit crops. Plant physiology helps to manipulate plant growth to achieve higher crop yields. It can be achieved by external applications of nutrients, phytohormones and other plant growth regulators.For ex. Ethylene and carbide for fruit repining GA Gor grape fruit development IAA to induce flowering in pineapple . Plant growth regulators(PGR)are available in marketfor foliar spray to agronomic and horticultural crops. Fruit physiology deals with development ,ripining ,nutrition and yield of fruits. Its study helps to increase the yield and quality of fruit crops Post harvest physiology develops ways and means to store harvested plant parts like grains, fruits tubers for long periods without spoilage Thus the shelf life period of fruits and vegetables can be improved. drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
PTC is used employed in micropropagtion, haploid production, somaclonal variations somatichybrids cell line .For this proper knowledge of plant physiology is essential. 7 PTC and Protoplast fusion have resulted in production of disease free new varieties of crop. Phytochemistry provides scope to understand and isolate the active chemicals for medicinal and other properties of plant parts. Knowledge of plant physiology helps in improving contents of such chemicalin plants. Plant physiologistare in demand by pharmaceuticalcompanies. Stress physiology is very important aspect of agriculture and horticulture. Research in water stress and antitranspirants have resulted in maximum watereconomy in plants. drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
8 drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
9 drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
Student of plant physiology not only to know the plant by its name but also by its chemistry ,function and performance. Person with knowledge of plant physiology are in good demand in industries based on plant product, processing. Students of plant physiology are well trained in biochemical techniques like chromatography, electrophoresis centrifugation ,spectral analysis phytochemical analysis, histochemical and plant tissue culture technique. This helps to join laboratories involved in plant Biotechnology, agrobuiseness ,Pharmacy etc. They can establish their own ventures in nursery ,landscape gardening PTC, Phytochemical analysis. They can provide consultancy services to pharmacists, farmers and people invoved in plant products as raw materials. 10 drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
11 THANKS drvidyapatil10@gmail.com
