Scientific Models and Their Applications
undefined
Chapter 1 Section 3
Bell Ringer (Brainstorm)
To teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or
CPR, instructors most often use a mannequin
to model a human upper torso and head. Why
do you think CPR is taught with a model
instead of a real human? Explain your answer.
Today’s Objectives
Explain how models represent the natural
world.
Identify three types of models used in
science.
Describe theories and laws.
Alabama Course of Study
1 Identify steps within the scientific process.
Models in Science
Model-
a representation of an object or
system
Uses something familiar to help you
understand something that is not familiar.
There are 3 common kinds of scientific
models.
Physical
Mathematical
Conceptual
Physical Models
These help you see what it looks like
Does not show you how it interacts or works
with other things
Turn and Talk
Why would someone use a physical model?
Why would studying a model not be as
accurate as studying the real thing?
Mathematical Models
Made up of mathematical equations and
data.
Some are simple (for example f=ma calculates
force)
Some are so complex that only computers can
handle them
These sometimes have variables
Sometimes, certain variables that no on thought of
exist in a complex model. And a change in any of
these variable could cause the model to fail.
Name a possible limitation of a mathematical
model.
Name a possible limitation of a mathematical
model.
One possible limitation of a mathematical
model is that complex models may have
unknown variables. If the unknown variables
are changed, a mathematical model could
fail.
Conceptual Models
Some are systems of ideas
Others are based on making comparisons with
familiar things to help illustrate or explain an idea
Example:
The Big Bang Theory
Describes how the planets and galaxies formed
Although it is widely accepted, astronomers have concluded
that some data do not fit the model.
So, conceptual models may not take certain data
into account. Or the models may rely on certain
ideas but not on others.
Models: The Right Size
Models are used to represent things that are
very small or very large.
Sometimes, models are used to learn about
things you cannot see.
For example: sound waves cannot be seen but
shown by using a slinky
Scientific Theories
Models are often used to help illustrate and
explain theories.
Theory
- an explanation for many
hypotheses
and
observations
Supported by repeated tests
Can be used to predict what might happen in
the future
Scientists use models to help guide their
search for new information.
This information can help support a theory or
can show that the theory is wrong.
Models can be changed or replaced over
time.
What two things can a theory explain?
What two things can a theory explain?
A theory can explain a hypothesis or an
observation.
Scientific Laws
What happens when a model
correctly predicts the results of
many different experiments?
Scientific law- summary of many
experimental results and
observations
Tells us how things work
Not the same as theories
Tell you only what happens, not why
Gravity is a scientific law.
Summary
A model uses familiar things to describe
unfamiliar things.
Physical, mathematical, and conceptual
models are commonly used in science.
A scientific theory is an explanation for many
hypotheses and observations.
A scientific law summarizes experimental
results and observations. It describes what
happens but not why.
Exit Slip
1. In your own words, write a definition for the term
model
.
2. Which kind of model would you use to represent a
human heart?
A. a mathematical model
B. a physical model
C. a conceptual model
D. a natural model
3. Explain the difference between a theory and a law.
Explore the world of scientific models through this informative content covering physical, mathematical, and conceptual models. Discover why models are used in science, their types, and potential limitations. Delve into the importance of utilizing models to comprehend complex concepts effectively.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
Chapter 1 Section 3 SCIENTIFIC MODELS
Bell Ringer (Brainstorm) To teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR, instructors most often use a mannequin to model a human upper torso and head. Why do you think CPR is taught with a model instead of a real human? Explain your answer.
Todays Objectives Explain how models represent the natural world. Identify three types of models used in science. Describe theories and laws.
Alabama Course of Study 1 Identify steps within the scientific process.
Models in Science Model- a representation of an object or system Uses something familiar to help you understand something that is not familiar. There are 3 common kinds of scientific models. Physical Mathematical Conceptual
Physical Models These help you see what it looks like Does not show you how it interacts or works with other things
Turn and Talk Why would someone use a physical model? Why would studying a model not be as accurate as studying the real thing?
Mathematical Models Made up of mathematical equations and data. Some are simple (for example f=ma calculates force) Some are so complex that only computers can handle them These sometimes have variables Sometimes, certain variables that no on thought of exist in a complex model. And a change in any of these variable could cause the model to fail.
Name a possible limitation of a mathematical model. One possible limitation of a mathematical model is that complex models may have unknown variables. If the unknown variables are changed, a mathematical model could fail.
Conceptual Models Some are systems of ideas Others are based on making comparisons with familiar things to help illustrate or explain an idea Example: The Big Bang Theory Describes how the planets and galaxies formed Although it is widely accepted, astronomers have concluded that some data do not fit the model. So, conceptual models may not take certain data into account. Or the models may rely on certain ideas but not on others.
Models: The Right Size Models are used to represent things that are very small or very large. Sometimes, models are used to learn about things you cannot see. For example: sound waves cannot be seen but shown by using a slinky
Scientific Theories Models are often used to help illustrate and explain theories. Theory- an explanation for many hypotheses and observations Supported by repeated tests Can be used to predict what might happen in the future
Scientists use models to help guide their search for new information. This information can help support a theory or can show that the theory is wrong. Models can be changed or replaced over time.
What two things can a theory explain? A theory can explain a hypothesis or an observation.
Scientific Laws What happens when a model correctly predicts the results of many different experiments? Scientific law- summary of many experimental results and observations Tells us how things work Not the same as theories Tell you only what happens, not why Gravity is a scientific law.
Summary A model uses familiar things to describe unfamiliar things. Physical, mathematical, and conceptual models are commonly used in science. A scientific theory is an explanation for many hypotheses and observations. A scientific law summarizes experimental results and observations. It describes what happens but not why.
Exit Slip 1. In your own words, write a definition for the term model. 2. Which kind of model would you use to represent a human heart? A. a mathematical model B. a physical model C. a conceptual model D. a natural model 3. Explain the difference between a theory and a law.
