Scientific Method: Pre-Test and Daily Agenda
Bell-Ringer 08.20.2014
Please get the paper at the
back sink that is labeled bell-
ringer.
Complete the questions on
your own. This is a pre-test.
When finished turn your paper
over.
You may read a book whiles
waiting for your classmates
Daily Agenda
Objectives:
I will sequence the steps of the scientific
method.
I will define the vocabulary associated
with the scientific method.
I will create flashcards for the vocabulary.
I will identify variables, groups, and
constants.
I will design an experiment containing
variables, groups, and constants.
Standards of Learning for
Biology:
BIO.1
The student will demonstrate an understanding of
scientific reasoning, logic, and the nature of science by
planning and conducting investigations in which
b)
hypotheses are formulated based on direct
observations and information from scientific literature;
c)
variables are defined and investigations are
designed to test hypotheses;
k)
differentiation is made between a scientific
hypothesis, theory, and law;
Science & the
Scientific
Method
What is Science?
Science is the attempt to
put the universe in some
kind of order that
humans can understand.
From Latin
scire
(which
means “to know”)
What do I need to know
about the nature of
science?
Science is
constantly
changing!
Science is constantly
changing!
Scientists
verify
each
other’s work.
Every once in a while, the
scientists find that a theory
or scenario does not
always
hold true…. So what
then?????
SCIENCE MUST CHANGE TO
FIT THE NEW FINDINGS.
This is why Science is
constantly changing.
Here are some famous
scientists…
Albert Einstein
Louis Pasteur
Germany- 1879
France- 1822
Physicist
Theory The Germ
And more famous scientists…
Ts’ai Lun
Beatrix Potter
China -105 A.D.
England -1866
Paper
Mycologist and Author
And more famous scientists…
Benjamin Banneker
Rosalind Franklin
United States- 1731
England- 1920
Farmer’s Almanac
x-ray crystallography of
& wooden clock
DNA
And more famous scientists…
Archimedes
Miguel Servet-
Greece-287 B.C.
Spain 1511
Density of an irregular
Function of pulmonary
object
system
What’s the point????
Scientists can be of
any age, race,
gender, religion or
culture!
You can be a Scientist!
And…..
Scientists rarely work alone...
They are much happier working
in groups!
So far we know…
Science is constantly changing
Scientists can be from any race,
gender, age, culture or religion.
Scientists like to work in groups!
So,
How
Do We Study
Science?
We use the
Scientific
Method
!!!
Step 1: Identify a
problem
Ask a question.
Step 2: Research the
Problem
Look at reliable sources
Determine what is already
known about the problem.
Write this under
“Background Information”
in the lab write-up.
Step 3: Form a
Hypothesis
Hypothesis
- a
testable
explanation
of an observation
A hypothesis is
NOT just an
educated guess
about what
you think will happen. It must
be TESTABLE!!!!
Step 4: Design an
Experiment
How are you going to test
your hypothesis?
You Design an Experiment!
Step 5: Test your
hypothesis
Follow a procedure
Keep the procedure the
same every time!
How many times should you
repeat the trials to make sure
your experiment is
valid
?
3
Step 6: Organize your
data
Put your data into a data table
Step 6: Organize your
data
Make the data table into
a
graph
Graphs make it
easier
to
see patterns in the data.
Step 6: Organize your
data
DRY MIX
D
ependent Variable =
R
esponding
Variable =
Y
axis
M
anipulated Variable =
I
ndependent Variable =
X
axis
Step 7: Draw
Conclusion(s)
Was your hypothesis
correct?
If your hypothesis was not
accurate or if you think
there was an error
collecting data
Start
over and re-do
experiment!
Step 8: Communicate
Results
Tell the scientific
community what you
discovered!
Any Questions????
Bellringer
This car will
not start
1.What are some
possible reasons
the car will not
start?
2.How would you
test your
guesses?
Scientific Method
1. Observation: Notice there is a problem
or question to be answered
2. Hypothesis: Scientific Explanation
3. Experiment: Test your hypothesis
4. Data: Collect information
-5. Analyze Data
6.
Modify if needed or Communicate
Results
Experiment
Control: used to compare
experimental results. Does not
receive any experimental
treatment/changes
Variable: Factor changed during
experiment
Independent Variable: What do you
change
Dependent Variable: what do we
measure
Control, Variables, and
Constants
Control:
What is used to COMPARE the results to. It is the variable in
which no independent variable has been applied.
Variable:
Anything that changes in an experiment. There are 2 types:
I
ndependent
: What you change on purpose (cause)
Dependent
: What you observe changing, or
What you measure/observe (effect)
Constant:
Anything that stays the same in an experiment to make sure
that only the Independent Variable is being changed.
Data
Qualitative Data: Express with
Numbers
-Quantitative Data: Express with
Descriptions
Display in graphs: Bar, Line, Circle
X axis: Independent Variable
Y axis: Dependent Variable
Analyze Results
1. If results are consistent
with hypothesis,
communicate and publish
results.
2. If results are not
consistent with hypothesis,
modify experiment.
Conclusion
1. Experiment must be
repeatable.
2. Theory versus Law
-Theory is subject to change as
more knowledge is gained.
“Theory of Evolution”
-Laws are universally accepted to
be true. “Law of Gravity”
Everyday Science
Scientific Method in everyday
1.
Car will not start =____________
2.
Out of gas? =
_________________
3.
Adding gas and seeing if car starts =
___________________________
4.
Car doesn’t start =
_____________
5.
It wasn’t out of gas =
_____________________________
(disproves hypothesis this time)
Tada! The Five Steps of the Scientific
Method
Everyday Science
Scientific Method in everyday
1.
Car will not start =
Observation
2.
Out of gas? =
Hypothesis
3.
Adding gas and seeing if car starts =
Experiment
4.
Car doesn’t start =
Data/Results
5.
It wasn’t out of gas =
Conclusion/
Revise
(disproves hypothesis this
time)
Station 1:Identify parts of
experiments including:
Independent Variables
Dependent Variables
Experimental Group(s)
Control Group
Constants
Station 2: Create flash cards and
study will them with a partner
Independent Variables
Dependent Variables
Experimental Group(s)
Control Group
Constants
Scientific Method
Theory
Station 3: Design the
experiment
Choose one of the questions below
and design an experiment to
determine the answer.
You must make a hypothesis,
determine an independent variable,
dependent variable, control group,
experimental group(s), and at least
3 constants
Station 4: Create a Study
Sheet
Fill the space below with
important words, phrases, or
images that you think you
should study for your quiz.
You must fill the entire page
and use at least three colors.
Station 5: Finish Lab Safety
Projects
If you have not finished your
laboratory safety project you need
to complete it by the end of class.
No if, ands, or buts.
Homework
Return Signature Page
Due by 08/29/2014
HW9: Evaluating Experiments
Due next class 08/22/2014
Explore the process of science with a pre-test on the scientific method, followed by a detailed daily agenda covering activities like bell-ringers, reviews, and experimental design. Understand the nature of science, scientific reasoning, and the importance of variables, groups, and constants in investigations. Dive into the dynamic nature of scientific knowledge and the continuous evolution of theories in the scientific community.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
Bell-Ringer 08.20.2014 Please get the paper at the back sink that is labeled bell- ringer. Complete the questions on your own. This is a pre-test. When finished turn your paper over. You may read a book whiles waiting for your classmates
Daily Agenda Minutes Activities 10 min Bell-ringer 10 min Daily Review 10 min Scientific Method PowerPoint 45 min Scientific Method Stations 10 min Closure
Objectives: I will sequence the steps of the scientific method. I will define the vocabulary associated with the scientific method. I will create flashcards for the vocabulary. I will identify variables, groups, and constants. I will design an experiment containing variables, groups, and constants.
Standards of Learning for Biology: BIO.1The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific reasoning, logic, and the nature of science by planning and conducting investigations in which b) hypotheses are formulated based on direct observations and information from scientific literature; c) variables are defined and investigations are designed to test hypotheses; k) differentiation is made between a scientific hypothesis, theory, and law;
Science & the Scientific Method
What is Science? Science is the attempt to put the universe in some kind of order that humans can understand. From Latin scire (which means to know )
What do I need to know about the nature of science?
Science is constantly changing!
Science is constantly changing! Scientists verify each other s work. Every once in a while, the scientists find that a theory or scenario does not always hold true . So what then?????
SCIENCE MUST CHANGE TO FIT THE NEW FINDINGS. This is why Science is constantly changing.
Here are some famous scientists Albert Einstein Germany- 1879 Physicist Theory The Germ Louis Pasteur France- 1822 180px-Louis_Pasteur
And more famous scientists Ts ai Lun China -105 A.D. Paper Beatrix Potter England -1866 Mycologist and Author 225px-Cai-lun Image:Beatrix Potter1.jpg
And more famous scientists Benjamin Banneker United States- 1731 Farmer s Almanac & wooden clock Rosalind Franklin England- 1920 x-ray crystallography of DNA Rosalind Franklin
And more famous scientists Archimedes Greece-287 B.C. Density of an irregular object Miguel Servet- Spain 1511 Function of pulmonary system Michael Servetus
Scientists can be of any age, race, gender, religion or culture!
And.. Scientists rarely work alone... They are much happier working in groups!
So far we know Science is constantly changing Scientists can be from any race, gender, age, culture or religion. Scientists like to work in groups!
So, How Do We Study Science?
We use the Scientific Method!!!
Step 1: Identify a problem Ask a question.
Step 2: Research the Problem Look at reliable sources Determine what is already known about the problem. Write this under Background Information in the lab write-up.
Step 3: Form a Hypothesis Hypothesis- a testable explanation of an observation A hypothesis is NOT just an educated guess about what you think will happen. It must be TESTABLE!!!!
Step 4: Design an Experiment How are you going to test your hypothesis? You Design an Experiment!
Step 5: Test your hypothesis Follow a procedure Keep the procedure the same every time!
How many times should you repeat the trials to make sure your experiment is valid?
Step 6: Organize your data Put your data into a data table Independent Variable _____(unit) Levels Dependent Variable __________ (unit) Trial 1 Trail 2 Trail 3 mean range
Step 6: Organize your data Make the data table into a graph Graphs make it easier to see patterns in the data.
Step 6: Organize your data DRY MIX Dependent Variable = Responding Variable = Y axis Manipulated Variable = Independent Variable = X axis
Step 7: Draw Conclusion(s) Was your hypothesis correct? If your hypothesis was not accurate or if you think there was an error collecting data Start over and re-do experiment!
Step 8: Communicate Results Tell the scientific community what you discovered!
Bellringer This car will not start 1.What are some possible reasons the car will not start? 2.How would you test your guesses?
Scientific Method 1. Observation: Notice there is a problem or question to be answered 2. Hypothesis: Scientific Explanation 3. Experiment: Test your hypothesis 4. Data: Collect information -5. Analyze Data 6. Modify if needed or Communicate Results
Experiment Control: used to compare experimental results. Does not receive any experimental treatment/changes Variable: Factor changed during experiment Independent Variable: What do you change Dependent Variable: what do we measure
Control, Variables, and Constants Control: What is used to COMPARE the results to. It is the variable in which no independent variable has been applied. Variable: Anything that changes in an experiment. There are 2 types: Independent: What you change on purpose (cause) Dependent: What you observe changing, or What you measure/observe (effect) Constant: Anything that stays the same in an experiment to make sure that only the Independent Variable is being changed.
Data Qualitative Data: Express with Numbers -Quantitative Data: Express with Descriptions Display in graphs: Bar, Line, Circle X axis: Independent Variable Y axis: Dependent Variable
Analyze Results 1. If results are consistent with hypothesis, communicate and publish results. 2. If results are not consistent with hypothesis, modify experiment.
Conclusion 1. Experiment must be repeatable. 2. Theory versus Law -Theory is subject to change as more knowledge is gained. Theory of Evolution -Laws are universally accepted to be true. Law of Gravity
Everyday Science Scientific Method in everyday Car will not start =____________ Out of gas? = _________________ Adding gas and seeing if car starts = ___________________________ Car doesn t start = _____________ 1. 2. 3. 4. It wasn t out of gas = _____________________________ (disproves hypothesis this time) 5. Tada! The Five Steps of the Scientific Method
Everyday Science Scientific Method in everyday 1. Car will not start =Observation 2. Out of gas? = Hypothesis 3. Adding gas and seeing if car starts = Experiment 4. Car doesn t start = Data/Results 5. It wasn t out of gas =Conclusion/ Revise (disproves hypothesis this time)
Station 1:Identify parts of experiments including: Independent Variables Dependent Variables Experimental Group(s) Control Group Constants
Station 2: Create flash cards and study will them with a partner Independent Variables Dependent Variables Experimental Group(s) Control Group Constants Scientific Method Theory
Station 3: Design the experiment Choose one of the questions below and design an experiment to determine the answer. You must make a hypothesis, determine an independent variable, dependent variable, control group, experimental group(s), and at least 3 constants
Station 4: Create a Study Sheet Fill the space below with important words, phrases, or images that you think you should study for your quiz. You must fill the entire page and use at least three colors.
Station 5: Finish Lab Safety Projects If you have not finished your laboratory safety project you need to complete it by the end of class. No if, ands, or buts.
