Safety Considerations in Design and Engineering
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Safety in Design
Designers Duties under HSWA 2015
You have a duty to consider health and safety when you:
design, manufacture, import, or supply plant, substances or
structures for work install, build, or commission plant, substances or
structures for work.
This duty helps ensure the plant, substances or structures will
not negatively affect the health and safety of the people who
use, handle, construct, store, maintain, and/or repair the plant,
substances or structures.
Three Important considerations for
Designers
1.
Common sources of major process hazards
2.
Basic techniques used to identify and analyze
process hazards
3.
The hierarchy of process design solutions used
to mitigate hazards
Processes when Designing
Process Hazards energy sources
Basic identification and analyses
techniques
Hierarchy of controls
(preventative)
Hierarchy of controls (mitigative)
Elimination
Develop structural arrangements that are inherently safe, for
example:
Eliminate confined spaces
Minimise heavy components hanging from ceilings (e.g.
heavy HVAC systems)
Site structures above flood levels
Provide safe access to roofs and exterior surfaces for
maintenance
Eliminate hazardous substances on site if possible
Use low temperature, low pressure equipment instead of
high temperature, high pressure equipment
Substitution
Replace a hazardous process or material with one that is
less hazardous to reduce the risk.
For example: use pre-cast panels rather than
constructing a masonry wall
Use non-flammable material instead of flammable
material
Use a non-toxic material instead of a toxic material
Engineering Controls
Use engineering control measures to minimize the risk, for
example:
Include adequate ventilation and lighting in the design
Designing and positioning permanent anchorage and
hosting points into building for cleaning (windows)
Minimize inventory of hazardous material
Separate the hazard or hazardous work practice from
people, for example:
Ensure noisy machinery is isolated from workstations
Designing the layout of a building so that fires cannot
spread across zone boundaries
Barricading of perimeter and access control
Administrative Controls
If engineering controls cannot reduce the risk sufficiently,
then administrative controls should be used, for example:
Using warning signs or exclusion zones where a
hazardous activity is carried out
Procedures, forms, etc.
Training of personnel
Personal Protective Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used to
protect the worker from any residual risk, for example:
Hard hats
Repository protection
Ear muffs
Breathing apparatus for vessel entry
Etc.
Design Risk Assessment
Design Risk assessments need to show consideration of the following:
Safe to construct.
Safe to operate.
Safe to maintain/clean.
Safe to decommission.
BeSafe presentations that can help in
this area
https://besafe.nz/machine-guarding-presentations/
https://besafe.nz/changes-with-workplace-exposure-
standards/
https://besafe.nz/risk-normalisation/
Designers have a crucial duty to ensure health and safety in the design, manufacture, and supply of structures, substances, and systems for work. Key considerations include identifying process hazards, applying control measures, and implementing strategies such as elimination, substitution, and engineering controls to mitigate risks effectively.
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Presentation Transcript
Designers Duties under HSWA 2015 You have a duty to consider health and safety when you: design, manufacture, import, or supply plant, substances or structures for work install, build, or commission plant, substances or structures for work. This duty helps ensure the plant, substances or structures will not negatively affect the health and safety of the people who use, handle, construct, store, maintain, and/or repair the plant, substances or structures.
Three Important considerations for Designers 1. Common sources of major process hazards 2. Basic techniques used to identify and analyze process hazards 3. The hierarchy of process design solutions used to mitigate hazards
Processes when Designing Process Hazards energy sources Basic identification and analyses techniques Hierarchy of controls (preventative) Hierarchy of controls (mitigative)
Elimination Develop structural arrangements that are inherently safe, for example: Eliminate confined spaces Minimise heavy components hanging from ceilings (e.g. heavy HVAC systems) Site structures above flood levels Provide safe access to roofs and exterior surfaces for maintenance Eliminate hazardous substances on site if possible Use low temperature, low pressure equipment instead of high temperature, high pressure equipment
Substitution Replace a hazardous process or material with one that is less hazardous to reduce the risk. For example: use pre-cast panels rather than constructing a masonry wall Use non-flammable material instead of flammable material Use a non-toxic material instead of a toxic material
Engineering Controls Use engineering control measures to minimize the risk, for example: Include adequate ventilation and lighting in the design Designing and positioning permanent anchorage and hosting points into building for cleaning (windows) Minimize inventory of hazardous material Separate the hazard or hazardous work practice from people, for example: Ensure noisy machinery is isolated from workstations Designing the layout of a building so that fires cannot spread across zone boundaries Barricading of perimeter and access control
Administrative Controls If engineering controls cannot reduce the risk sufficiently, then administrative controls should be used, for example: Using warning signs or exclusion zones where a hazardous activity is carried out Procedures, forms, etc. Training of personnel
Personal Protective Equipment Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used to protect the worker from any residual risk, for example: Hard hats Repository protection Ear muffs Breathing apparatus for vessel entry Etc.
Design Risk Assessment Design Risk assessments need to show consideration of the following: Safe to construct. Safe to operate. Safe to maintain/clean. Safe to decommission.
BeSafe presentations that can help in this area https://besafe.nz/machine-guarding-presentations/ https://besafe.nz/changes-with-workplace-exposure- standards/ https://besafe.nz/risk-normalisation/
