Role of Decomposers in Ecosystems
Decomposers
Unit
Activity 6.3 Comparing
Decomposers, Plants, and Animals
1
Unit Map
2
You are
here
Scenarios of Decomposer Growth,
Movement, and Functioning
3
1.
A pile of leaves sits for a few weeks. If you put your
hand on the leaf pile, it feels warm. Where did the
heat come from?
2.
An apple is left to sit on a back porch accidentally.
After a week, the apple is much smaller. What
happened to the matter that used to be part of the
apple?
3.
A stand of mushrooms shoot up around the base of
a large tree. Where did the mushrooms get the
energy they needed to push themselves out of the
leaf litter?
More Scenarios
4
4. Millions of bacteria live on the tip of your finger.
They multiply quickly. Where do they get the material
to make new cells?
5. A container of leftover macaroni and cheese is left in
a refrigerator for a long time. A layer of mold grows on
top of the food. When you open the container, the
inside of the lid is covered with water. Where did the
water come from?
Comparing Decomposers, Plants, and
Animals
5
Use what you learned in
Decomposers, Plants, and
Animals to trace carbon
atoms in decomposers,
plants, and animals.
•
You may want to look
back at your Process
Tools from
Decomposers
,
Plants
,
and
Animals
.
Answer each of the questions (numbered 1-4) below to explain how matter and energy move and change in a system. Note that matter movement is
addressed at both the beginning (1) and end (4) of your explanation.
Evidence We
Can Observe
BTB can indicate CO
2
in the air.
Organic materials are made up of
molecules containing carbon atoms:
• fuels
• foods
• living and dead plants
and
animals
•
decomposers
Question
What is happening
to energy?
What forms of energy are
involved?
What energy transformations
take place during the chemical
change?
Evidence We
Can Observe
We can observe indicators of
different forms of energy before and
after chemical changes:
•
light energy
•
heat energy
•
chemical energy stored in organic
materials
•
motion energy
Rules to Follow
All materials (solids, liquids, and gases) are made of atoms that are
bonded together in molecules.
Scale
: The matter movement question can be answered at the atomic-
molecular, cellular, or macroscopic scale.
Question
Where are molecules
moving?
How do molecules move to
the location of the chemical
change?
How do molecules move away
from the location of the chemical
change?
Evidence We
Can Observe
Moving solids, liquids, and gases
are made of moving molecules.
A change in mass shows that
molecules are moving
.
Question
How are atoms in molecules
being rearranged into
different molecules?
What molecules are
carbon atoms in before and
after the chemical change?
What other molecules are involved?
Rules to Follow
Atoms last forever
in combustion and living systems.
Atoms can be rearranged
to make new molecules, but not created or
destroyed.
Carbon atoms are bound to other atoms in molecules.
Scale
: The matter change question is always answered at the atomic-
molecular scale.
Rules to Follow
Energy lasts forever
in combustion and living systems.
Energy can be transformed
, but not created or destroyed.
C-C and C-H bonds have more stored chemical energy than C-O and H-O
bonds.
Scale
: The energy change question can be answered at the atomic-
molecular, cellular, or macroscopic scales.
Good answers to questions about decomposer cells
6
Share Your Answers
•
How do carbon atoms move into, through,
and out of decomposers, plants, and animals?
•
How are the molecules carbon atoms are in
changed in decomposers, plants, and animals?
•
How is energy transformed in decomposers,
plants, and animals?
•
Are decomposers more like plants or animals?
7
Image Credit: Craig Douglas, Michigan State University
Exploring the growth, movement, and functioning of decomposers in the environment. Gain insights into how these organisms contribute to nutrient cycling and ecosystem sustainability.
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Presentation Transcript
Carbon: Transformations in Matter and Energy Environmental Literacy Project Michigan State University Decomposers Unit Activity 6.3 Comparing Decomposers, Plants, and Animals 1
Unit Map You are here 2
Scenarios of Decomposer Growth, Movement, and Functioning 1. A pile of leaves sits for a few weeks. If you put your hand on the leaf pile, it feels warm. Where did the heat come from? 2. An apple is left to sit on a back porch accidentally. After a week, the apple is much smaller. What happened to the matter that used to be part of the apple? 3. A stand of mushrooms shoot up around the base of a large tree. Where did the mushrooms get the energy they needed to push themselves out of the leaf litter? 3
More Scenarios 4. Millions of bacteria live on the tip of your finger. They multiply quickly. Where do they get the material to make new cells? 5. A container of leftover macaroni and cheese is left in a refrigerator for a long time. A layer of mold grows on top of the food. When you open the container, the inside of the lid is covered with water. Where did the water come from? 4
Comparing Decomposers, Plants, and Animals Use what you learned in Decomposers, Plants, and Animals to trace carbon atoms in decomposers, plants, and animals. You may want to look back at your Process Tools from Decomposers, Plants, and Animals. 5
Good answers to questions about decomposer cells Answer each of the questions (numbered 1-4) below to explain how matter and energy move and change in a system. Note that matter movement is addressed at both the beginning (1) and end (4) of your explanation. Question Evidence We Can Observe Where are molecules moving? Rules to Follow Moving solids, liquids, and gases are made of moving molecules. All materials (solids, liquids, and gases) are made of atoms that are bonded together in molecules. How do molecules move to the location of the chemical change? A change in mass shows that molecules are moving. Scale: The matter movement question can be answered at the atomic- molecular, cellular, or macroscopic scale. How do molecules move away from the location of the chemical change? Question Evidence We Can Observe How are atoms in molecules being rearranged into different molecules? Rules to Follow Atoms last forever in combustion and living systems. BTB can indicate CO2 in the air. Atoms can be rearranged to make new molecules, but not created or destroyed. Organic materials are made up of molecules containing carbon atoms: fuels living and dead plants and animals decomposers What molecules are carbon atoms in before and after the chemical change? foods Carbon atoms are bound to other atoms in molecules. Scale: The matter change question is always answered at the atomic- molecular scale. What other molecules are involved? Evidence We Can Observe Question Rules to Follow What is happening to energy? We can observe indicators of different forms of energy before and after chemical changes: Energy lasts forever in combustion and living systems. Energy can be transformed, but not created or destroyed. What forms of energy are involved? C-C and C-H bonds have more stored chemical energy than C-O and H-O bonds. light energy heat energy What energy transformations take place during the chemical change? chemical energy stored in organic materials Scale: The energy change question can be answered at the atomic- molecular, cellular, or macroscopic scales. motion energy 6
Share Your Answers How do carbon atoms move into, through, and out of decomposers, plants, and animals? How are the molecules carbon atoms are in changed in decomposers, plants, and animals? How is energy transformed in decomposers, plants, and animals? Are decomposers more like plants or animals? 7
