Rehabilitation and Health According to WHO
DR. DIGVIJAY SHARMA
UIHS
CSJMU, KANPUR
The word rehabilitation comes from latin prefix
re- meaning
again
and habitare meaning
make
fit.
When something falls in to disrepair and needs to
be restored to a better condition , it needs
rehabilitation.
Rehabilitation is a care that can help you get
back, keep , or improve abilities that you needs
for daily life. These abilities may be physical,
mental and cognitive.
Rehabilitation can improve your daily life and
functioning.
Rehabilitation focuses on the existing capacities
of the handicapped person,and brings him to the
optimum level of his or her functional ability by
the combined and coordinated use of medical,
social, educational and vocational measures
. It
makes life for the handicapped individual more
meaningful, more
productive and therefore
adds more life to years.
Rehabilitation may be medical or sociovocational.
Medical rehabilitation
is the utilisation of medical
and paramedical skills to help treat the patient.
DEFINITION OF HEALTH ACCORDING TO WHO –
Health is a complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of
disease and infirmity.
DEFINITION OF REHABILITATION ACCORDING
TO WHO -
Rehabilitation is a set of measures that assist
individuals, who experience or likely to
experience disability , to achieve and maintain
optimum functioning in interaction with their
environments.
Rehabilitation is for people who have lost abilities
that they need for daily life .
Injuries and trauma including burns, fractures,
traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries.
Stroke
Severe infection
Certain birth defects and genetic disorders
Developmental disabilities
Major surgery
Side effects from medical treatment such as form
cancer treatments.
Chronic pain including back and neck pain
Intesive care unit patients
Handicapped individuals have problems with
1.
Orientation:
For a person with head injury or cerebral palsy, the
orientation to surroundings would hamper his activities of daily
living like feeding or toileting.
2. Physical independence:
It is the prayer of every handicapped
person that he reduces dependence on the people taking care of
him.
3.
Mobility:
Poliomyelitis and paraplegia are conditions that
severely hamper mobility and thus even day to day tasks like
moving around in the house can become very challenging.
4.
Occupational integration:
Training and placement in a suitable
job.
5.Social integration:
No man is an island, and attempts must be
made to integrate handicapped people into society, and not isolate
them.
6.Economic self-sufficiency:
The job must ensure a means of
livelihood.
Preventive medicine
is the first phase where a disease is
prevented from occurring, by avoiding the interaction
between agent, host and environment.
Curative medicine-
the
second phase focuses on attempting
to cure the disease. Most doctors practice curative medicine.
However there are several conditions like rheumatoid
arthritis which has no cure, and others, like poliomyelitis in
which the agent causing the disease has been eliminated
from the host, but residual effects like paralysis still persist.
Therefore, there is a need for a third phase, namely
rehabilitation, which is not just medical but also a social
responsibility.
Rehabilitation medicine
is the third phase of
medical care; after preventive and curative. It
is concerned with the improvement of
function through the diagnosis and
treatment of health conditions , reducing
impairments, and preventing or treating
complications of persons with disability.
There are therefore two aspects to
rehabilitation-
1.Medical Rehabilitation
2.Sociovocational Rehabilitation
Importance of Physiatry : THE PHYSIATRIST
Medical and sociovocational rehabilitation is the
responsibility of a team of professionals headed by a
Physiatrist, the key doctor in the guidance of the
rehabilitation program.
PHYSIATRISTS
are physicians who specialised in physical
medicine and rehabilitation . Commom problems which result
in residual disability needing the expertise of a physiatrists
are – stroke ,neuromuscular disorders, musculoskeletal
disorders, cardiopulmonary diseases,arthritis and others.
The physiatrists can help to improve a persons functional
capabilities by a medical treatment . The professionals such
as physical, occupational , speech therapist, psychological,
social nursing , prosthesis, orthotics, engineering and
vocational service.
These professionals combine and coordinate to uplift the
handicapped.
The fundamental goal of rehabilitation is to add life to years ,
not years to life.
The importance of physiatry and rehabilitation services ensures
functional
independence, without which the patient remains partially dependent
throughout his life.
In the prepathogenesis period
, the interaction between host agent and
environment causes disease,
[this is called epidemiological triad or
triangle, the traditional model for infectious disease] which passes from
the subclinical stage to the clinical manifestation of disease.
Prevention of disability does not start only at birth, at the onset
of disease or after a primary disability occurs. Sometimes it may
be done even before the child is born, by anticipating disability
due to genetic defects or blood group incompatibility and can be
prevented by means of genetic counseling.
For example- In Duchennes muscular dystrophy, it is possible to
counsel the parents on having another child who might later
display the symptoms of the disease.
It therefore follows with
a fall in mortality levels there is a rise in
morbidity levels. Rehabilitation deals with morbidity , it deals
with quality of life.
Any health care that tries to halt a person’s slide
down the slope of the health status scale is termed
preventive health care and any attempt to push it
up towards the peak, i.e. optimum health, is called
therapeutic health care. This total spectrum is
classified into three levels of prevention by the
World Health Organization.
It is explained as a measure taken before the
onset of any disease, e.g. immunization against
childhood infections or chlorination of drinking
water. It is designed to promote general health
and improve the quality of life. It incorporates
health education for bringing about awareness
of health problems before it occurs. This is
similar to the first phase of medicine, i.e.
preventive medicine.
It is a measure taken to arrest the progression
of a disease while it is still in the early
asymptomatic stage of the disease. It involves
early diagnosis and immediate treatment, e.g.
ergonomic intervention to prevent clinical
symptoms in a patient with spondylosis.
It is explained as a measure taken to minimize
the consequences of a disease or injury once it
has become clinically manifested, e.g.
prevention of pressure sores in a paraplegic by
turning the patient over regularly
. Tertiary
prevention is an integral part of Rehabilitation
Medicine.
Sociovocational rehabilitation is a team effort
which aims at providing the disabled a
vocation, a barrier free place to live and the
right social environment to reduce his
handicap.
At the heart of vocational rehabilitation ,it is
the concept of the
right to work.
It empowers persons – not just economically
but in a more basic and meaningful sense.
It makes a person stand on his on legs. It
does not bind him to a job, it
set him free.
The catchword today is
empathy not
sympathy.
In other words , the message that
the person with disability are giving
throughout the world is
please accept us as we
are.
There are several shining examples for this-
STEPHEN HAWKINS – Gross motor disabiity
HELEN KELLER- Visual and hearing impairment
BHAKT SURDAS AND JOHN MILTON – Visually
impaired.
FRENKELIN D. ROOSEVELT- Guillain-Barre
syndrome.
The passing of
the American with disabilties
act
[ADA] in 1991 was a landmark in the life
of the disabled in that country in India.
In India, the act passed is the
[PWD] People
with disabilities Act 1995.
Rehabilitaton council of India [RCI] Act
passed
by parliament in 1992 and it become a
statutory body in 1993.
The word therapy comes from ancient
hebrew
word
refua
[healing].
Thousands of year ago
the ancient chinese
Cong fu-
a movement therapy to relief pain.
Greek physician Herodicus
describe an
elaborate system of gymnastic exercise.
Roman physician Galen
describe intervention
to rehabilitate.
The
philosopher physician Maimonides
emphasized principle of healthy exercise and
diet.
Physician Mercurialis
promote gymnastic, The
art of Gymnastic.
Niels Stensons
explored the biomechanics of
human motion.
Joseph Clement Tissot
promoted the value of
as an alternate from bed rest for patient
recovering from surgery, neurological
condition, recuperating after strokes.
Fulgence Raymond
proposed the concept of
neuromuscular re-education.
THANK YOU…..
Rehabilitation focuses on restoring abilities for daily life through medical, social, and vocational measures, making life more meaningful. Health, as per WHO, encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being. Rehabilitation is crucial for people facing various challenges such as injuries, trauma, disabilities, and chronic conditions.
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Presentation Transcript
DR. DIGVIJAY SHARMA UIHS CSJMU, KANPUR
The word rehabilitation comes from latin prefix re- meaning again fit. When something falls in to disrepair and needs to be restored to a better condition , it needs rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is a care that can help you get back, keep , or improve abilities that you needs for daily life. These abilities may be physical, mental and cognitive. Rehabilitation can improve your daily life and functioning. again and habitare meaning make make fit.
Rehabilitation focuses on the existing capacities of the handicapped optimum level of his or her functional ability by the combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational and vocational measures makes life for the handicapped individual more meaningful, more productive and therefore adds more life to years. Rehabilitation may be medical or Medical rehabilitation and paramedical skills to help treat the patient. Rehabilitation focuses on the existing capacities of the handicapped person,and optimum level of his or her functional ability by the combined and coordinated use of medical, social, educational and vocational measures. It person,and brings him to the brings him to the adds more life to years. sociovocational. . Rehabilitation may be medical or sociovocational Medical rehabilitation is the utilisation of medical
DEFINITION OF HEALTH ACCORDING TO WHO Health is a complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. DEFINITION OF REHABILITATION ACCORDING TO WHO Rehabilitation is a set of measures that assist individuals, who experience or likely to experience disability , to achieve and maintain optimum functioning in interaction with their environments. DEFINITION OF HEALTH ACCORDING TO WHO DEFINITION OF REHABILITATION ACCORDING TO WHO - -
Rehabilitation is for people who have lost abilities that they need for daily life . Injuries and trauma including burns, fractures, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries. Stroke Severe infection Certain birth defects and genetic disorders Developmental disabilities Major surgery Side effects from medical treatment such as form cancer treatments. Chronic pain including back and neck pain Intesive care unit patients
Handicapped individuals have problems with 1. Orientation: orientation to surroundings would hamper his activities of daily living like feeding or toileting. 2. Physical independence: person that he reduces dependence on the people taking care of him. 3. Mobility: severely hamper mobility and thus even day to day tasks like moving around in the house can become very challenging. 4. Occupational integration: job. 5.Social integration: made to integrate handicapped people into society, and not isolate them. 6.Economic self livelihood. Orientation: For a person with head injury or cerebral palsy, the 2. Physical independence: It is the prayer of every handicapped Mobility: Poliomyelitis and paraplegia are conditions that Occupational integration: Training and placement in a suitable 5.Social integration: No man is an island, and attempts must be 6.Economic self- -sufficiency: sufficiency: The job must ensure a means of
Preventive medicine prevented from occurring, by avoiding the interaction between agent, host and environment. Curative medicine to cure the disease. Most doctors practice curative medicine. However there are several conditions like rheumatoid arthritis which has no cure, and others, like poliomyelitis in which the agent causing the disease has been eliminated from the host, but residual effects like paralysis still persist. Therefore, there is a need for a third phase, namely rehabilitation, which is not just medical but also a social responsibility. Preventive medicine is the first phase where a disease is Curative medicine- -the second phase focuses on attempting
Rehabilitation medicine medical care; after preventive and curative. It is concerned with the improvement of function through the diagnosis and treatment of health conditions , reducing impairments, and preventing or treating complications of persons with disability. There are therefore two aspects to rehabilitation- 1.Medical Rehabilitation 2.Sociovocational Rehabilitation Rehabilitation medicine is the third phase of
Importance of Medical and sociovocational rehabilitation is the responsibility of a team of professionals headed by a Physiatrist, the key doctor in the guidance of the rehabilitation program. PHYSIATRISTS medicine and rehabilitation . Commom problems which result in residual disability needing the expertise of a physiatrists are stroke ,neuromuscular disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiopulmonary diseases,arthritis and others. The physiatrists can help to improve a persons functional capabilities by a medical treatment . The professionals such as physical, occupational , speech therapist, psychological, social nursing , prosthesis, orthotics, engineering and vocational service. These professionals combine and coordinate to uplift the handicapped. The fundamental goal of rehabilitation is to add life to years , not years to life. Importance of Physiatry Physiatry : THE PHYSIATRIST : THE PHYSIATRIST PHYSIATRISTS are physicians who specialised in physical The fundamental goal of rehabilitation is to add life to years , not years to life.
The importance of functional independence, without which the patient remains partially dependent throughout his life. The importance of physiatry functional independence, without which the patient remains partially dependent throughout his life. physiatry and rehabilitation services ensures and rehabilitation services ensures
In the prepathogenesis period, the interaction between host agent and environment causes disease, triangle, the traditional model for infectious disease] which passes from the subclinical stage to the clinical manifestation of disease. , the interaction between host agent and environment causes disease,[this is called epidemiological triad or
Prevention of disability does not start only at birth, at the onset of disease or after a primary disability occurs. Sometimes it may be done even before the child is born, by anticipating disability due to genetic defects or blood group incompatibility and can be prevented by means of genetic counseling. For example- In Duchennes muscular dystrophy, it is possible to counsel the parents on having another child who might later display the symptoms of the disease. It therefore follows with a fall in mortality levels there is a rise in morbidity levels. Rehabilitation deals with morbidity , it deals with quality of life. a fall in mortality levels there is a rise in morbidity levels. Rehabilitation deals with morbidity , it deals with quality of life.
Any health care that tries to halt a persons slide down the slope of the health status scale is termed preventive health care and any attempt to push it up towards the peak, i.e. optimum health, is called therapeutic health care. This total spectrum is classified into three levels of prevention by the World Health Organization.
It is explained as a measure taken before the onset of any disease, e.g. immunization against childhood infections or chlorination of drinking water. It is designed to promote general health and improve the quality of life. It incorporates health education for bringing about awareness of health problems before it occurs. This is similar to the first phase of medicine, i.e. preventive medicine. preventive medicine.
It is a measure taken to arrest the progression of a disease while it is still in the early asymptomatic stage of the disease. It involves early diagnosis and immediate treatment, e.g. ergonomic intervention to prevent clinical symptoms in a patient with spondylosis.
It is explained as a measure taken to minimize the consequences of a disease or injury once it has become clinically manifested, e.g. prevention of pressure sores in a paraplegic by turning the patient over regularly. Tertiary prevention is an integral part of Rehabilitation Medicine. . Tertiary prevention is an integral part of Rehabilitation Medicine.
Sociovocational rehabilitation is a team effort which aims at providing the disabled a vocation, a barrier free place to live and the right social environment to reduce his handicap. At the heart of vocational rehabilitation ,it is the concept of the right to work. It empowers persons not just economically but in a more basic and meaningful sense. It makes a person stand on his on legs. It does not bind him to a job, it set him free. right to work. set him free.
The catchword today is empathy not sympathy. the person with disability are giving throughout the world is please accept us as we are. There are several shining examples for this- STEPHEN HAWKINS Gross motor disabiity HELEN KELLER- Visual and hearing impairment BHAKT SURDAS AND JOHN MILTON Visually impaired. FRENKELIN D. ROOSEVELT- Guillain-Barre syndrome. empathy not sympathy. In other words , the message that please accept us as we are.
The passing of the American with act of the disabled in that country in India. In India, the act passed is the [PWD] People with disabilities Act 1995. Rehabilitaton by parliament in 1992 and it become a statutory body in 1993. the American with disabilties disabilties act [ADA] in 1991 was a landmark in the life [PWD] People with disabilities Act 1995. Rehabilitaton council of India [RCI] Act council of India [RCI] Act passed
The word therapy comes from ancient hebrew word refua Thousands of year ago the ancient Cong Greek physician elaborate system of gymnastic exercise. Roman physician Galen to rehabilitate. hebrew refua [healing]. the ancient chinese chinese Cong fu Greek physician Herodicus fu- - a movement therapy to relief pain. Herodicus describe an Roman physician Galen describe intervention
The philosopher physician Maimonides emphasized principle of healthy exercise and diet. Physician art of Gymnastic. Niels human motion. Joseph Clement as an alternate from bed rest for patient recovering from surgery, neurological condition, recuperating after strokes. Fulgence neuromuscular re-education. philosopher physician Maimonides Physician Mercurialis Mercurialis promote gymnastic, The Niels Stensons Stensons explored the biomechanics of Joseph Clement Tissot Tissot promoted the value of Fulgence Raymond Raymond proposed the concept of
THANK YOU.. THANK YOU ..
