Power System Technical Performance Exploration
"This content delves into the technical performance of power systems, covering a wide time scale and frequency range. It discusses the development of tools, analytical techniques, and simulation methods in areas such as power quality, electromagnetic compatibility, and system dynamics. The strategic direction for addressing challenges and integrating new technologies is highlighted, along with the structure of the study committee. Key topics include improving system performance, modeling future grids, and enhancing power quality through various methods. The content also touches on discussions and contributions from a recent meeting."
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Study Study Committee Committee Update Meeting Update Meeting C4 System Technical Performance C4 System Technical Performance Canadian Representative: [David Jacobson Canadian Representative: [David Jacobson Regular Member] Presented Presented by: [David Jacobson] Regular Member] by: [David Jacobson] 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021
2 SC C4 Introduction Scope Power system technical performance covers the time scale range from nanoseconds to many hours and the frequency range from 0 Hz up to 10 GHz. The scope of C4 includes development of tools, analytical techniques, measurements, numerical and real-time simulation methods, and equipment modeling needed within the areas of power quality, electromagnetic compatibility and interference, insulation coordination, lightning and power system dynamics. Strategic Direction (2018-2022 term of Zia Emin) Form WGs and write reference papers with particular emphasis on: The study of end-to-end supply systems inclusive of transmission and distribution, The solutions for maintaining the quality and security of supply, The analysis of the system implications of new generation technologies and their integration to the wider system. 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021
EM Phenomena of Interest to C4 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 3
4 SC C4 Structure Scope 24 Regular Members 3 Addition Regular Members (with distribution focus) 18 Observer Members Overall represent 42 countries 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021
2021 Preferential Subjects PS 1: Improving Power System Technical Performance Through the Use of Advanced Methods, Models and Tools The analysis of widespread dynamic security issues including [intentional] electromagnetic interference, weather, and geomagnetically induced currents. The assessment of frequency stability, system strength, or power quality using Big Data analytics. Development of emerging metrics and tools for quantifying power system reliability, resiliency, and flexibility. PS 2: Modelling of the Future Grid Based on Lessons Learned from System Events Experience gained from Smart Grid Projects High Penetration levels of inverter-based devices Deployment of energy storage systems PS 3: Methods, Models and Techniques for Lightning, Power Quality and Insulation Coordination to Enhance the Performance of the Evolving Grid UHV AC and/or DC systems Renewable generation, inverter-oriented power systems and traction loads Harmful interactions between power system components ~150 delegates attended each General Discussion Session on Aug 24 (PS1/2) and Aug 25 (PS3). Several contributions, included some invited, responded to the Special Reporter s questions. 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 5
2022 Preferential Subjects PS 1: Challenges and advances in Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility Modelling, measurement and assessment of PQ phenomena including emerging areas such as supraharmonics, harmonic instability, geomagnetically induced currents and other similar phenomena, Integration and application of advanced signal processing, artificial intelligence techniques and big data analytics for event diagnostics and system planning purposes such as hosting capacity or emission limit calculation, Impacts on equipment compatibility and immunity, and emerging mitigation approaches. PS2: Challenges and advances in Insulation Coordination and Lightning Research Insulation coordination practices for end-to-end power networks, including the effects of long lines, long cables and frequency dependent models, Development on insulation coordination in power electronics and DC systems, and the need for standardization, Lightning evaluation of transmission and distribution systems covering new asset designs and extreme meteorological events. PS3: Challenges and advances in Power System Dynamics Modelling, analysis and validation of individual components and wide-area system interactions including system level protection schemes considering changing system dynamics, Impact of emerging technologies such as hydrogen and other storage devices, grid forming inverters and demand side management, Analysis of security and resilience of power systems having high share of grid-connected or distributed inverter-based resources including feasibility of providing system support such as black start, islanding, system strength and inertia. Starting in 2022, a pool of reviewers will be used to review the abstracts and full papers. The process will be managed by the Special Reporters. 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 6
Canadian Technical Activities C4.23 2012 Guide to Procedures for Estimating the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines (TB839 published) Winter Lightning Parameters and Engineering Consequences for Wind Turbines (very late) C4.36 2014 C4.39 2015 Effectiveness of line surge arresters for lightning protection of overhead transmission lines (TB in process of being published) Revisions to IEC Technical Reports 61000-3-6, 61000-3-7, 61000-3-13, and 61000-3-14 (very late) Challenges with series compensation application in power systems when overcompensating lines (TB829 published) Continuous assessment of low-order harmonic emissions from customer installations (very late) Lightning problems and lightning risk management for nuclear power plants C4.40/CIRED 2015 C4/B5.41 2015 C4.42/CIRED 2015 C4.43 2017 C4.44 2017 EMC for Large Photovoltaic Systems C4.45 2017 Measuring techniques and characteristics of fast and very fast transient overvoltages in substations and converter stations (TB836 Published) Evaluation of Temporary Overvoltages in Power Systems due to Low Order Harmonic Resonances C4.46 2017 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 7
Canadian Technical Activities C4.47 2017 Power System Resilience C4.48 2017 Overvoltage Withstand Characteristics of Power System Equipment 35-1200 kV (may be disbanded due to lack of progress) Multi-frequency stability of converter-based modern power systems C4.49 2018 C4.50 2018 Evaluation of Transient Performance of Grounding Systems in Substations and Its Impact on Primary and Secondary Systems Connection of Railway Traction Systems to Power Networks C4.51 2018 C4/B4.52 2018 Guidelines for Sub-synchronous Oscillation Studies in Power Electronics Dominated Systems (Convener is Canadian; CAN-6) Application Effects of Low-Residual-Voltage Surge Arresters in Suppressing Overvoltages in UHV AC Systems Protection of High Voltage Power Network Control Electronics from the High-Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) EMC-related Very-Fast Transients in GIS-EMC Interferences, measured Characteristics, Modelling and Simulations Electromagnetic transient simulation models for large-scale system impact studies in power systems having a high penetration of inverter connected generation (CAN-7) Guidelines for the Estimation of Overhead Distribution Line Lightning Performance and its Application to Lightning Protection Design C4/A3.53 2018 C4.54 2018 C4.55 2019 C4.56 2019 C4.57 2019 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 8
Canadian Technical Activities C4/C2.58 2019 Evaluation of Voltage Stability Assessment Methodologies in Transmission Systems (Convener is Canadian; Can-5) Real-time Lightning Protection of the Electricity Supply Systems of the Future C4.59 2019 C4.60 2021 Generic EMT-Type Modelling of Inverter-Based Resources for Long Term Planning Studies Lightning transient sensing, monitoring and application in electric power systems C4.61 2021 C4/C2.62 IEEE 2021 Review of Advancements in Synchrophasor Measurement Applications (Convener is Canadian; Can-4) Harmonic power quality standards and compliance verification a comparative assessment and practical guide Application of Real-Time Digital Simulation in Power Systems (Convener is Canadian; Can-6) Specification, Validation and Application of Harmonic Models of Inverter Based Resources New concept for analysis of multiphase back-flashover phenomena of transmission lines due to lightning Lightning Protection of Hybrid Overhead Lines C4.63 2021 C4.64 2021 C4.65 2021 C4.66 2021 C4.67 2021 C4.68 2021 EMC issues in modern and future power systems 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 9
Recently Published Reports (2021) TB829 Challenges with Series Compensation Applications in Power Systems when Overcompensating Lines TB836 Measuring techniques and characteristics of fast and very fast transient overvoltages in substations and converter stations TB839 Procedures for Estimating the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines New Aspects Ref. paper: RP_315_1 2021: System Strength (Electra No 315, April 2021) 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 10
Proposed/New Working Groups C4.69 Quantifying the lightning response of tower-footing electrodes of transmission lines: methods of measurement (Open for nominations) C4.70 Application of space-based lightning detection in power systems (Open for nominations) C4.xx EMC issues in the flexible DC power systems and new emerging power electronics-based equipment (TOR being reviewed) C4.xx EMC considerations for electric vehicles (TOR being reviewed, will approach C6 to form JWG) NOTE: No new WGs formed between August 2019 and October 2020. Most WGs plan to be complete before 2022. 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 11
Canadian Highlights Lack of new WG proposals in C4 prompted the Advisory Committee to conduct a gap analysis to determine what areas need work to help meet CIGRE s strategic objectives. This top- down approach resulted in eight WGs being created in 2021 and several more are in development. CIGRE Canada website: Canadian Participation on Working groups do we want to populate this data on the web site? If not, then it should be removed. A new Green Book on Power System Dynamic Modelling and Analysis in Evolving Networks will be developed (2021-2024). Dr. Jacobson and Dr. Annakkage will contribute. Awards: Dr. Jacobson received the 2021 Technical Council and 2020 e-session Achievement awards 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 12
Canadian Representative Dr. David Jacobson Company: Manitoba Hydro Title: Email: Phone: Section Head - Interconnections dajacobson@hydro.mb.ca 204-360-3765 2021 Study Committee Update Meeting November 12, 2021 13
