Power Electronics Innovations in Switch-Mode Supplies
Milan M. Jovanovi and Laszlo Huber are renowned experts in power electronics, with major achievements in optimizing switch-mode power supplies. Huber's inventions have been widely deployed in laptops, notebooks, and tablets. Jovanovi's lab developed a single-stage flyback adapter with power factor correction (PFC) technology, meeting industry standards while achieving high efficiency.
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MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB LASZLO HUBER S WORK AND MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS IEEE Fellow One of the most cited industry-affiliated power electronics researchers in the world Published over 100 journal and conference papers Holds 17 U.S. and international patents Received Delta s Intellectual Property Outstanding Contribution Award Laszlo Huber
LASZLO HUBERS WORK MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB Laszlo Huber is worldwide known expert in performance optimization of switch-mode power supplies for data-processing equipment In particular, he is recognized for his outstanding contributions to performance advancements of ac-dc power converters for portable electronics applications Since 1994, ac-dc adapters that incorporate Huber s inventions have been massively deployed in laptops, notebooks, and tablets made by IBM, HP, Dell, and Apple, as well as in Sony game consoles
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS SINGLE-STAGE FLYBACK ADAPTER WITH PFC MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB V X F o D 2 D L o a d 2 0 V 9 0 W L 1 S R P F C D vi n ii n N 5 + 2 N S C F I n p u t F i l t e r N 1 + ii n v C i n B D 6 9 0 - 2 6 4 VR M S D D 4 3 S W First single-stage PFC converter with non-regulated bulk voltage VCBkept below 400 V Portions N1and N2of primary winding serve as feedback windings VCB< 400 V Measured waveforms around peak of vin Substantially reduced conduction losses on primary side vinF iin Effective current interleaving between PFC inductor and bypass diode input-current ripple iLPFC iDBYP significantly reduced iDBYP+iLPFC PFC inductor and bulk capacitor connected to ac line through only two diodes
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS SINGLE-STAGE FLYBACK ADAPTER WITH PFC (cont d) MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB This adapter technology was the only single-stage adapter technology with PFC in the external power supply industry that met the EN61000-3-2 standard specifications on the line-current harmonics with an efficiency around 90% In 15 years this adapter technology has been implemented in more that 15 million notebook adapters for the universal-line voltage with a nameplate output power 75 W (mostly 75 W and 90 W) manufactured by Delta due to its excellent performance and cost effectiveness
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC widely employed at low-power levels (up to 300 W) due to benefits Elimination of reverse-recovery losses of boost diode Valley switching of boost switch reduced switching losses INTERLEAVED DCM/CCM BOUNDARY BOOST PFC By interleaving two or more DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters, benefits of DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC can be extended to higher power levels Reduced input current ripple reduced size of DM filter I o V I N I I o o V o Reduced output current ripple reduced size of bulk capacitor Since switching frequency is variable, synchronization of DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters presents a challenging task Huber made a systematic classification and detailed analysis of open-loop and closed-loop interleaving methods for DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters Results presented by Huber had a significant impact on development of dedicated controller ICs for DCM/CCM boundary boost PFC converters by different IC manufacturers
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB AUDIBLE NOISE REDUCTION IN NOTEBOOK ADAPTERS Audible noise is a major problem in notebook adapters because to maximize efficiency their switching frequency is decreased at light load into the audible range (< 20 kHz) In Huber s method, the audible noise is reduced by keeping the switching frequency always slightly above 20 kHz as the load gets lighter by continuously reducing the peak current of the switch until the switch current pulses are sufficiently low so that fluxes changes they produce in the core of the transformer are small enough not to generate audible noise I < I < I Peak3 Peak2 Peak1 Peak2 I Peak3 I Peak1 I sw f swThH2 f f sw swThH1 f AudibleH f swThL1 f AUDIBLE RANGE swThL2 f swMin f AudibleL f 0 I I I I Load Load3 Load2 Load1 Huber s method has been implemented in a number of Delta proprietary ASICs made by ON Semi and ST
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS MILAN M. JOVANOVI POWER ELECTRONICS LAB Combined input-current and output-voltage space vector modulation for 3-phase to 3-phase matrix converters simultaneous input power factor correction and output voltage regulation with desired amplitude and frequency Modulation algorithm is derived by indirect transfer function approach, where average transfer function of matrix converter is defined as product of transfer functions of equivalent fictitious voltage-source inverter and voltage-source rectifier 0 v a 0 v b 0 v c 0 SPACE VECTOR MODULATION FOR 3 -3 MATRIX CONVERTER i CA 0 iBC i AB v b0 v a0 v c0 S j k A a C c b B p a b c A S A b S A c S B a B b S B c S B i A i B A C Spb Spc Spa SAp SBp SCp n S Snc S Sna SAn SCn nb Bn S A a VOLTAGE-SOURCE RECTIFIER VOLTAGE-SOURCE INVERTER Paper published in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications in 1995 is one of the mostly cited papers in the field of power electronics with 1300 citations according to Google Scholar S C a C b S C c S C i C
