Positive and Negative Reinforcement in Special Education
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Positive reinforcement refers to giving a child
something reinforces good behavior.
Discipline that relies mostly on positive
reinforcement is usually very effective.
Examples of positive reinforcement include
praise, a reward system, or a token economy
system
Specific examples of positive reinforcement include:
•
A child puts his dishes in the sink when he’s done
eating and his mother says, “Great job putting your dish
away before I even asked you to!”
•
A child earns time to play his video games for
completing his homework without arguing.
•
A teenager who studied hard all semester
receives an A on his report card
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Negative reinforcement is when a child is
motivated to change his behavior because it
will take away something unpleasant. A child
who stops a behavior because his parent yells
at him is trying to get rid of the negative
reinforcer (the yelling). Negative
reinforcement should be used sparingly with
kids as it is less likely to be as effective as
positive reinforcement.
Specific examples of negative reinforcement include:
•
A mother nags her son to do his chores every night so
one night he decides to do his chores right when he gets
home from school to avoid hearing her nag.
•
A child has been getting into arguments with peers
at the bus stop so his mother decides to go to the bus stop
with him every day. He begins behaving at the bus stop so
his mother won’t wait for the bus with him.
A teenager complains about not wanting to go to school the
entire ride to school every morning. His father turns on talk
radio loudly to drown him out. The next day the teenager
stops complaining so his father won’t turn on talk radio
Positive reinforcement involves rewarding good behavior in children, such as praise or rewards, while negative reinforcement motivates change by removing something unpleasant. Positive reinforcement is usually more effective and includes examples like praising a child for putting away dishes or rewarding a teenager for studying hard. On the other hand, negative reinforcement examples include a child avoiding chores to escape nagging or a teenager stopping complaints to avoid loud music. Both types of reinforcement play a crucial role in shaping behaviors in special education settings.
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Presentation Transcript
Reinforcement TEXTS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION
Positive Reinforcement Positive reinforcement refers to giving a child something reinforces good behavior. Discipline that relies mostly on positive reinforcement is usually very effective. Examples of positive reinforcement include praise, a reward system, or a token economy system
Specific examples ofpositive reinforcementinclude: A child puts his dishes in the sink when he s done eating and his mother says, Great job putting your dish awaybeforeIevenaskedyouto! A child earns time to play his video games for completing his homeworkwithout arguing. A teenager who studied hard all semester receives anAonhis reportcard
Negative Reinforcement Negative reinforcement is when a child is motivated to change his behavior because it will take away something unpleasant. A child who stops a behavior because his parent yells at him is trying to get rid of the negative reinforcer(the yelling). Negative reinforcement should be used sparingly with kids as it is less likely to be as effective as positive reinforcement.
Specific examples ofnegative reinforcementinclude: Amother nagsher sonto do his chores every night so one night he decides to do his chores right when he gets homefromschoolto avoid hearinghernag. A child has been getting into arguments with peers at the bus stop so his mother decides to go to the bus stop with him every day. He begins behaving at the bus stop so his motherwon twait forthe buswith him. A teenager complains about not wanting to go to school the entire ride to school every morning. His father turns on talk radio loudly to drown him out. The next day the teenager stopscomplaining sohis father won tturnontalk radio
