Phenomena-based Research in Information Management
Phenomena-based Research
Department
of Information
Management
CYCU
CK Farn
mailto: ckfarn@gmail.com
2023.09
2
CK Farn, CYCU
1
Curiosity Drives Research
“We keep moving forward, opening new
doors, and doing new things, because we’re
curious and curiosity keeps leading us
down
new paths.”
CK Farn, CYCU
2
Walt Disney
The
beginning
of
modern
science
--
16
th
and
17
th
Century
The fathers of modern astronomy, the scientific method
and natural science
Theories
all
based
on
observation
of
the
real
world
Nicolaus Copernicus
哥白尼
Heliocentrism (
地動說
) based on planetary observations
Galilei Galileo
加利略
Johannes Kepler
克卜勒
Laws of planetary motion
Sir Isaac Newton
牛頓
CK Farn, CYCU
3
Research and the real-world
Current state of research
… a growing share of our research contributions tend to be
incremental, marginal, highly theory- and methods-driven,
and often detached from real-world phenomenon
(
Doh, 2015)
Phenomena-based research
… capture, describe and document, as well as conceptualize,
a phenomenon so that appropriate theorizing and the
development of research designs can proceed
(
Von Krogh, Rossi-
Lamastra, and Haefliger, 2012)
Good
research
has
to
relate
to
the
real
world
CK Farn, CYCU
4
Some
example
of
“unreal”
research
1
20
years
ago,
I
was
consulted
by
a
PhD
student
regarding
a
research
A
survey
research
on
WAP
(Wireless Application
Protocol)
targeted
to
cell
phone
users
Model
based
on
TAM
R
2
less
than
3%
(explained
less
than
3%
variance)
How
to
improve?
CK Farn, CYCU
5
TAM:
Technology
Acceptance
Model
CK Farn, CYCU
6
What
car
will
I
buy,
based
on
TAM?
F
F
e
e
r
r
r
r
a
a
r
r
i
i
E
E
n
n
z
z
o
o
!
!
!
!
CK Farn, CYCU
7
Problem
with
the
research
Choice
of
theoretical
model
without:
Basic
understanding
of
the
model
Common
sense
on
the
real
world
situations
If
one
has
to
pay
for
the
usage
of
something,
does
money/budget
matter?
CK Farn, CYCU
8
Alternate
theories
TAM
was
derived
from
TRA
(Theory
of
reasoned
action)
The
author
of
TRA
latter
proposed
TPB
(Theory
of
Planned
Behavior)
CK Farn, CYCU
9
Problem
with
the
research
2
TAM
was
a
variation
of
TRA
Adoption
of
IS
within
organization
Equipment,
training
and
usage
fees
are
paid
by
the
company
In
a
social
setting
Availability
of
the
right
cell
phone,
usage
fees
has
to
be
paid
by
users
Differences
in
behavioral
norm
CK Farn, CYCU
10
Broken
Research cycle
CK Farn, CYCU
11
Human
Nature:
Inertia
Reflect on research
Departure from real world
Spiral down
Real-world
Problem
Research
Publication
Observation
Conceptualize
Research
Question
Analysis
CK Farn, CYCU
12
Research Question
CK Farn, CYCU
13
Research is decision- and dilemma-centered
A clarified research question is the result of
careful exploration and analysis and sets the
direction for the research project
What phenomenon does it relates to?
Business decision related questions
Most business decision related questions are “normative”
Translate it into “descriptive” question
Based on real world descriptive data
Should we raise the rate for Health Insurance
Financial
Legal (media,
public
opinion)
Technical
…. Multi-faceted
CK Farn, CYCU
14
Academic research questions
Descriptive model
Theoretical contributions
Accumulation of knowledge
Relevance vs elegance
CK Farn, CYCU
15
Funnel
management
Funnel management
A common used technique in sales
The process of optimizing the customer journey
from first contact to purchase
If you do not have
a “pet issue,” use the funnel
management
approach
to derived
at a
researchable
question
CK Farn, CYCU
16
Sales Funnel
CK Farn, CYCU
17
•
Search with a vague idea
•
Read the title page of a
few hundred papers
•
Title, authors, journal,
keywords, affiliation
Research funnel
Understand the
general state of the
area
Understand the
specific topic
Possible alternatives
Decide on a question
Conduct research
•
Browse through several
dozens related papers
•
Methodology, theory/model
•
Research gap
•
Mapping to real phenomena
•
Major researchers, key papers
•
Major theories
•
In depth reading
•
Key reference paper
•
Theoretical foundation
•
Methodology
•
Research design
•
Collect data
•
Analysis
CK Farn, CYCU
18
Resource Considerations
Human ressources
Budget
Time
Time constraints is a major consideration if you are pursuing
a degree, or you rely on it for a promotion
Availability of data or informants
Can you have access?
Stage of technology application (IS research)
CK Farn, CYCU
19
Assignment
#3:
pose a Research Question
Redo Assignment #2
Prepare a ONE page ppt document
File name: HW3_SID_Name.ppt
Upload your
ppt file
to
https://mega.linkin.tw/index.php/s/QdzoWCmcNGeod6t
CK Farn, CYCU
20
Explore the evolution of modern science, the importance of phenomena-based research in connecting theory to reality, and the consequences of unreal research in the realm of technology acceptance models. Delve into the significance of relating research to the real world for meaningful impact and progress in the field of information management.
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Presentation Transcript
2 Phenomena-based Research Department of Information Management CYCU CK Farn mailto: ckfarn@gmail.com 2023.09 CK Farn, CYCU 1
Curiosity Drives Research We keep moving forward, opening new doors, and doing new things, because we re curious and curiosity keeps leading us down new paths. Walt Disney CK Farn, CYCU 2
The beginning of modern science -- 16th and 17th Century The fathers of modern astronomy, the scientific method and natural science Theories all based on observation of the real world Nicolaus Copernicus Heliocentrism ( ) based on planetary observations Galilei Galileo Johannes Kepler Laws of planetary motion Sir Isaac Newton CK Farn, CYCU 3
Research and the real-world Current state of research a growing share of our research contributions tend to be incremental, marginal, highly theory- and methods-driven, and often detached from real-world phenomenon (Doh, 2015) Phenomena-based research capture, describe and document, as well as conceptualize, a phenomenon so that appropriate theorizing and the development of research designs can proceed (Von Krogh, Rossi- Lamastra, and Haefliger, 2012) Good research has to relate to the real world CK Farn, CYCU 4
Some example of unreal research 1 20 years ago, I was consulted by a PhD student regarding a research A survey research on WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) targeted to cell phone users Model based on TAM R2 less than 3% (explained less than 3% variance) How to improve? CK Farn, CYCU 5
TAM: Technology Acceptance Model CK Farn, CYCU 6
Ferrari Enzo!! Ferrari Enzo!! What car will I buy, based on TAM? CK Farn, CYCU 7
Problem with the research Choice of theoretical model without: Basic understanding of the model Common sense on the real world situations If one has to pay for the usage of something, does money/budget matter? CK Farn, CYCU 8
Alternate theories TAM was derived from TRA (Theory of reasoned action) The author of TRA latter proposed TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) CK Farn, CYCU 9
Problem with the research 2 TAM was a variation of TRA Adoption of IS within organization Equipment, training and usage fees are paid by the company In a social setting Availability of the right cell phone, usage fees has to be paid by users Differences in behavioral norm CK Farn, CYCU 10
Broken Research cycle observation Explain Phenomena Law Theory Derive Empirical evidence Hypothesis Conclusion CK Farn, CYCU 11
Human Nature: Inertia nth-degree Virtual Question Reflect on research Departure from real world Spiral down Virtual Research Question Real-world Problem Research Publication Research Question Analysis Observation Conceptualize CK Farn, CYCU 12
Research Question Research is decision- and dilemma-centered A clarified research question is the result of careful exploration and analysis and sets the direction for the research project What phenomenon does it relates to? CK Farn, CYCU 13
Business decision related questions Most business decision related questions are normative Translate it into descriptive question Based on real world descriptive data Should we raise the rate for Health Insurance Financial Legal (media, public opinion) Technical . Multi-faceted CK Farn, CYCU 14
Academic research questions Descriptive model Theoretical contributions Accumulation of knowledge Relevance vs elegance CK Farn, CYCU 15
Funnel management Funnel management A common used technique in sales The process of optimizing the customer journey from first contact to purchase If you do not have a pet issue, use the funnel management approach to derived at a researchable question CK Farn, CYCU 16
Sales Funnel Universal Suspect Prospect Best Few Client Delivery Services CK Farn, CYCU 17
Research funnel Understand the general state of the area Search with a vague idea Read the title page of a few hundred papers Title, authors, journal, keywords, affiliation Browse through several dozens related papers Methodology, theory/model Universal Suspect Understand the specific topic Prospect Research gap Mapping to real phenomena Major researchers, key papers Major theories In depth reading Key reference paper Theoretical foundation Methodology Possible alternatives Best Few Decide on a question Client Delivery Services Research design Collect data Analysis Conduct research CK Farn, CYCU 18
Resource Considerations Human ressources Budget Time Time constraints is a major consideration if you are pursuing a degree, or you rely on it for a promotion Availability of data or informants Can you have access? Stage of technology application (IS research) CK Farn, CYCU 19
Assignment #3: pose a Research Question Redo Assignment #2 Prepare a ONE page ppt document File name: HW3_SID_Name.ppt Upload your ppt file to https://mega.linkin.tw/index.php/s/QdzoWCmcNGeod6t CK Farn, CYCU 20
