Perspectives on Collective Health and the Concept of Health in Brazil
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Marcelo J. S. Silva
Collective Health (≠ Public Health)
•
The 1970s in Brazil
•
Military dictatorship (1964-1985)
•
Defeat of the cultural revolution of 1968
•
Crisis of education of
Public Health
and
Medicine
Collective Health
•
Reapper studies about Marx and Marxism
•
Mainly based on Althusser (structuralism)
•
Distrust in Science (as a capitalist/modern rationality)
•
Michel Foucault (
proto
postmodern)
•
Note: in Brazilian Social Sciences there is a fascination with French authors and a
kind of displeasure with German ones
Collective Health
•
Struggle for democracy
•
Struggle for basic reforms (agrarian, urban, health system, etc.)
•
Brazilian Health Reform (BHR)
•
Critic of an strictly biological
understanding
of health in Medicine and
Public Health
•
An epistemological critique
•
Search for a new paradigma (scientific paradigm exhausted)
Collective Health
•
This critical movement of Health, against an strictly biological
understanding of health, that helps originate BHR, influenced by
Althusser and mainly Foucault, is what is called Collective Health.
•
Nowadays is a movement mainly postmodern and eclectic, but it is
the critical movement of Health in Brazil.
•
New authors are influenced by Foucault but they don’t know.
•
Mix of positivism and postmodernism but they don’t know.
Collective Health
•
New society -> a postindustrial society
•
Need of a new rationality <- Foucault (epistemological critique)
•
The concept of health
Concept of Health
•
“The word, although an elaborated form of expression and
communication, is insufficient to grasp reality in its entirety”
Czeresnia (1999 p. 702). [
there is not a concept of health
]
•
A
polysemy
of definitions of health.
What is a concept?
A concept cannot be
understood as concrete-
factual features common to
all subjects or objects of a
particular group or set.
Work as essence of human being
•
The German Ideology
(Marx and Engels)
•
Our conscience of life comes from life itself -> from production of
life comes representation of life
Concept as reflex of objective world
Chaotic concrete
Abstraction /
generalization
(concept)
Concrete in thought
Concept as reflex of objective world
•
Concepts are dependent and independent of an individual
•
An individual think about the concept of an object
•
But an object that is social
•
As the concept is about this social objective reality, concepts are
social, thought of by individuals (that are social)
Brazilian Collective Health movement challenges traditional biological understandings of health, influenced by Althusser and Foucault. It advocates for an epistemological critique and a new scientific paradigm. The concept of health is explored as polysemic, emphasizing the need for a broader perspective beyond mere definitions.
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Presentation Transcript
The concept as reflex of The concept as reflex of objective reality in thought objective reality in thought Marcelo J. S. Silva
Collective Health ( Public Health) The 1970s in Brazil Military dictatorship (1964-1985) Defeat of the cultural revolution of 1968 Crisis of education of Public Health and Medicine
Collective Health Reapper studies about Marx and Marxism Mainly based on Althusser (structuralism) Distrust in Science (as a capitalist/modern rationality) Michel Foucault (proto postmodern) Note: in Brazilian Social Sciences there is a fascination with French authors and a kind of displeasure with German ones
Collective Health Struggle for democracy Struggle for basic reforms (agrarian, urban, health system, etc.) Brazilian Health Reform (BHR) Critic of an strictly biological understanding of health in Medicine and Public Health An epistemological critique Search for a new paradigma (scientific paradigm exhausted)
Collective Health This critical movement of Health, against an strictly biological understanding of health, that helps originate BHR, influenced by Althusser and mainly Foucault, is what is called Collective Health. Nowadays is a movement mainly postmodern and eclectic, but it is the critical movement of Health in Brazil. New authors are influenced by Foucault but they don t know. Mix of positivism and postmodernism but they don t know.
Collective Health New society -> a postindustrial society Need of a new rationality <- Foucault (epistemological critique) The concept of health
Concept of Health The word, although an elaborated form of expression and communication, is insufficient to grasp reality in its entirety Czeresnia (1999 p. 702). [there is not a concept of health] A polysemy of definitions of health.
What is a concept? A concept cannot be understood as concrete- factual features common to all subjects or objects of a particular group or set.
Work as essence of human being The German Ideology (Marx and Engels) Our conscience of life comes from life itself -> from production of life comes representation of life
Concept as reflex of objective world Abstraction / generalization (concept) Chaotic concrete Concrete in thought
Concept as reflex of objective world Concepts are dependent and independent of an individual An individual think about the concept of an object But an object that is social As the concept is about this social objective reality, concepts are social, thought of by individuals (that are social)
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