Middle Earth and Levels of Analysis in World Politics
This chapter delves into using popular culture, specifically Middle Earth, to shed light on levels of analysis in world politics. It explores concepts like anarchy, security dilemmas, shifts in power capabilities, alliance patterns, and the role of interdependence. Capitalism's impact on imperialism, critical and feminist scholarship, state-level dynamics, and social influences on the public's perception of war are also discussed.
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Presentation Transcript
Chapter 4 Using Popular Culture as a Light: Middle Earth, Levels of Analysis, and War
Levels of Analysis Provide a means to organize systematic thinking about world politics
System Level
Anarchy Security Dilemma
Unipolar Which system will be most stable? Bipolar Multipolar
Major shifts in power capabilities are associated with war
Alliance Patterns Balancing & Bandwagoning
Balance in technology between offense and defense
Interdependence through international norms, organizations, and institutions can provide alternatives to use of force
Capitalism can produce imperialist war due to intensifying competition
Democracies are unlikely to fight against each other
A leader in trouble may use an external conflict to divert the public s attention away from domestic problems
Social Influences Does the public want war or peace? How much are people willing to suffer? Does the economic system encourage expansion, imperialism, or are its features benign?
Individual Level Human nature Biologically- oriented drive to control territory
Problems facing decision-makers Belief Systems Personalities Physical and Mental Health Perceptions
Bureaucracies can help or hinder war Foreign Policy Role Playing diplomacy vs. military
Levels of Analysis War of the Ring
Capability distributions evolve and impact war s likelihood
Many in Middle Earth are concerned about the growing presence of Sauron
Balancing of power is most evident in the Fellowship
Bandwagoning is seen in Saruman s side-switching
Minas Tirith and Helm s Deep were very well fortified and difficult to attack
Interdependence at very low level in Middle Earth alliances tend to be temporary
Middle Earth is populated overwhelmingly by autocracies Rohan Mordor Gondor
Dangers of unchecked personal power and inadequacies of monarchical systems
Womens political influence is indirect and through marriage or family connections
Levels of Analysis and World War 1
Europe plunged into war due to its multipolar nature
Fighting in World War 1 was dominated by defensive weaponry
Capitalist economic system was principal underlying reason for war
Nationalism was pervasive and reinforced rivalries
Disintegration of Ottoman, Russian, and Austro-Hungarian Empires opened door to war
Germany had been gaining power and influence, but had internal tensions
Weak leadership was linked to the dynastic systems that produced them Tsar Nicholas of Russia Emperor of Austria-Hungary Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany
Post-Cold War, the US had full discretion in intervening around the globe
DPRK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsDSbmQR9lc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tZsVP2WoE9E http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/07/27/19703009-north-korea-marks-60-years-since-korean-war-with- massive-victory-day-parade?lite Critical theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uz0tINoLEr0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SbQE5DZuJqU Comfort women http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-UwU1-RVWs
