Mastering the Literature Review Process: Essential Steps for Success
undefinedThe Literature Review
3 edition
Six Steps To Success
Lawrence A. Machi
Brenda T. McEvoy
undefinedIntroduction
Doing and Producing a
Literature Review
An Overview
A literature review is a written document that
presents a logically argued case founded on a
comprehensive understanding of the current
state of knowledge about a topic of study. This
case establishes a convincing thesis to answer
the study’s question.
The Literature Review Defined
Identifies
Answers
Discovers
and
advocates
Specifies
and
frames
Figure I.1
Identifies
Answers
Discovers
and
advocates
Specifies
and
frames
Determines
nature
and scope
Defines
further
research
Figure I.2
1. Recognize and
define a problem
2. Create a process for
solving the problem
3. Collect and compile
information
4. Discover the evidence and
build the argument
5. Draw
conclusions
6. Communicate and
evaluate the
conclusions
Figure I.3
Doing a Literature Review is
scholarly exercise employing an
applied critical thinking process.
Figure I.4
Figure I.5
Self-Correction
•
The reflective thinker
reviews the work and
thinking being done, and
corrects deficiencies.
•
What I do?
•
How did it work?
•
What do I do next?
Self-Regulation
•
Quality control of your
thinking process.
•
Reflecting on and monitoring
your work procedures and
thinking processes.
•
Checking the accuracy and
validity of the work
Self-Assessment
•
Reflecting on your analytical
reasoning.
•
Reflecting on factors
constraining your accuracy ,
objectivity, and rationality.
•
Reflecting on your mindset
influences a fair and
unbiased interpretation of
the project work.
Reflective Oversight
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•
First, as a reviewer, you should organize a workspace free
from distractions.
•
You will also need,
–
Minimally, at least one high-quality dictionary and thesaurus.
–
Reference works on research methods and writing skills can also be
useful.
•
As with any complex project, the literature review demands
concentrated mental focus.
•
Having a plan increases productivity. Develop a three-level
plan.
–
First, create an overall project plan and timeline.
–
Second, subdivide the overall plan into sections that act as
intermediate goals for the project.
–
Finally, build daily plans from the subsections to schedule the work
for each daily session.
Tips
•
Study carefully the literature review model.
Memorize it if possible. Use this flow chart to
keep yourself on track.
•
Select a topic that is important to you. A subject
of true concern or curiosity will produce better
work than a topic chosen for expediency.
•
Writing starts now! Journal ideas, questions, and
your current understanding of the material.
Develop a project journal to catalog your work
and reflective thought as you work.
•
Plan every step. Going back to pick up missed
steps takes far more time.
Notes on using these presentations:
Dr. Lawrence Machi is currently Professor of Organizational Leadership Emeritus at the University of Laverne. Co-author, Brenda McEvoy taught high school English, history, and science for 36 years. They have just completed the third edition of the text “The Literature Review: Six Steps to Success.”
The author’s first note is that their text presents a basic treatment for conducting a literature review, and is by no means exhaustive in its scope. Advanced literature review techniques are not covered in this book, and if taught, require additional sources and references.
The PowerPoint presentations are designed, as classroom aids, to be used with text, and not as stand-alone materials. Commentary has been provided in the Notes Section of the PowerPoint presentations. Each Notes Section provides a page reference for its slide, and those pages should be reviewed prior to class presentation. The comments following are meant to supplement the text of the page reference, and can be used to develop points of emphasis. Presenters should feel free to add their own commentary and vantage points when using these materials. The phrase “Speak to the slide” is used, when the authors suggest the slide contents recount an adequate presentation of the material to be covered. PowerPoint users should also make use of the Reference and Further Reading section, page 161, in the text for insights and ideas which will provide greater depth to classroom discussion and presentation.
Understanding the essence of a literature review and its importance in academic research is crucial. This guidebook explores the key steps involved in conducting a literature review effectively, from defining the research topic to communicating and evaluating conclusions. It emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and argumentation skills necessary for producing a thorough and compelling review.
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Presentation Transcript
The Literature Review 3 edition Six Steps To Success Lawrence A. Machi Brenda T. McEvoy
Introduction Doing and Producing a Literature Review An Overview
The Literature Review Defined A literature review is a written document that presents a logically argued case founded on a comprehensive understanding of the current state of knowledge about a topic of study. This case establishes a convincing thesis to answer the study s question.
Research Interest Answers Identifies Research Thesis Research Topic Specifies and frames Discovers and advocates Literature Review Figure I.1
Research Interest Answers Identifies Research Project Research Topic Determines nature and scope Specifies and frames Research Question Literature Review Research Thesis Defines further research Discovers and advocates Figure I.2
6. Communicate and evaluate the conclusions 1. Recognize and define a problem 1. 6. Select a Topic Write the Thesis Doing a Literature Review is scholarly exercise employing an applied critical thinking process. 5. Critique the Literature 2. Develop Tools of Argumentation 5. Draw conclusions 2. Create a process for solving the problem 3. 4. Search the Literature Survey the Literature 4. Discover the evidence and build the argument 3. Collect and compile information Figure I.3
1. Select a Topic Addresses and answers Specifies 6. 2. Write the Thesis Develop Tools of Argumentation Organizes and forms Advocates and defines 5. 3. Critique the Literature Search the Literature Documents and discovers 4. Explores and catalogs Survey the Literature Figure I.4
Inquisitive Skeptical Intellectual Disposition s Independent Honest Mindset How I Choose to Be and Act. Decision- Making Dispositions Action Dispositions Reasoned and logical thinking Persistence Patience Circumspect thinking Deliberation Collegiality Figure I.5
Self-Regulation Self-Correction Quality control of your thinking process. Reflecting on and monitoring your work procedures and thinking processes. Checking the accuracy and validity of the work The reflective thinker reviews the work and thinking being done, and corrects deficiencies. What I do? How did it work? What do I do next? Self-Assessment Reflecting on your analytical reasoning. Reflecting on factors constraining your accuracy , objectivity, and rationality. Reflecting on your mindset influences a fair and unbiased interpretation of the project work. Reflective Oversight
The Ethics of Scholarly Work Do not take data out of context. Do your own research. Present only what you believe to be factual. Present all sides of the question. Plagiarism can easily sneak into a review unless it is carefully avoided. You must be the sole writer of your literature review.
Pack Wisely Before You Begin First, as a reviewer, you should organize a workspace free from distractions. You will also need, Minimally, at least one high-quality dictionary and thesaurus. Reference works on research methods and writing skills can also be useful. As with any complex project, the literature review demands concentrated mental focus. Having a plan increases productivity. Develop a three-level plan. First, create an overall project plan and timeline. Second, subdivide the overall plan into sections that act as intermediate goals for the project. Finally, build daily plans from the subsections to schedule the work for each daily session.
Tips Study carefully the literature review model. Memorize it if possible. Use this flow chart to keep yourself on track. Select a topic that is important to you. A subject of true concern or curiosity will produce better work than a topic chosen for expediency. Writing starts now! Journal ideas, questions, and your current understanding of the material. Develop a project journal to catalog your work and reflective thought as you work. Plan every step. Going back to pick up missed steps takes far more time.
