Managing Changes and Substitutions in Team Sports
Efficiently managing changes and substitutions is crucial in team sports. The plate umpire holds the responsibility for recording changes, including positional adjustments, player substitutions, re-entry, and DP/FLEX in softball games. Clear communication between the umpire, coach, and statistician is essential to maintain the tempo of the game and ensure accuracy in player rotations. Neatly maintaining the line-up card is imperative as it serves as the official document in case of player eligibility protests.
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Bottom Line Up Card Note: A line up card with Bat on the left has been used for this demonstration, some line up cards have turn at Bat number on the right and Pos on the left. Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Require one line up card per team Tournament / Championship Name 7 8 9 1 Team Name Date Starting Players Positions, Names & Uniform Number A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Substitutes Names & Uniform Numbers Coaches Names & Signature C. Trengove Plate Umpire to complete at the end of the Game Also ticking Home or Away or placing Top or Bottom at the top of the line up card is highly recommended L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Changes The plate umpire is the sole person responsible for making/recording changes to the line up card, not the team coach or statistician. Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Substitutions or positional changes take effect once the plate umpire has accepted changes and a pitch has been thrown or a play is made. There are 4 types of changes: Positional (defensive positions) Substitution (line up players) Re-entry (returning players) DP/FLEX NOTE: The TR is not a substitution, although Umpires and Statisticians should be advised. There is no requirement for announcing the return of players after the TR is used 7 8 9 1 A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 A coach may complete the above types of changes individually or a combination of any. C. Trengove You need to ensure you are neat with your line up card. If there is a protest on eligibility of a player your line up card is the official document. L. Harrow L. Harrow
Communication with Coach and Statistician Your communication with the coach and statistician is extremely important as your efficiency will assist with the tempo of the game. Not all coaches will have a clear understanding of their changes when they call time. It is your responsibility to manage the speed of changes. Coaches are encouraged to use uniform numbers, however, if this is proving difficult, ask for a surname to confirm. Confirming changes between the coach prior to advising the statistician is paramount, as it is their players or their own role in the game that is put in jeopardy. Your communication with the coach and statistician should be the same (or as close to similar as possible). When communicating with the statistician advise which team, uniform number out, uniform number in, then positional. If there are multiple substitutions at once advise all substitutions first before advising positional changes.
Bottom Positional/Defensive Changes Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Question: What is a Positional/Defensive change? Answer: A positional change is where two or more players already in the line up, switch defensive playing positions. Defensive positions 7 8 9 1 3 = 1st base 4 = 2nd base 1 = Pitcher 2 = Catcher 5 = 3rd base 6 = Shortstop 7 = L/Field 8 C/Field A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones 9 = RF/Field Flex = Defensive for the DP Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 How do you take a positional/defensive change? C. Trengove L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Positional Changes SCRIPT FOR POSITIONAL CHANGES Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, positional change of 3 to 5 and 5 to 3 . 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is a positional change of 3 to 5 and 5 to 3, is that right? Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Positional changes for Australia 3 to 5 and 5 to 3 (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia 3 to 5 and 5 to 3 Plate Umpire That s right, thank you. L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Substitution Question: What is a substitution? Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Answer: A substitution is when an original starting player is taken out of the game and a substitute player entered off the bench or when a starting player is returning to the game. 3 5 The common types of substitutions are: Original starting player out substitute player in (substitution) Substitute player out original starting player in (re-entry) Substitute player out substitute player in (substitution) DP or FLEX leaving the game (10 to 9 players) DP or FLEX entering the game (9 to 10 players) 7 8 9 1 A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 How does a substitution take place? C. Trengove L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Substitution SCRIPT FOR SUBSTITUTION CHANGES Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 29 Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, 2 out 29 in and 87 out 81 in . 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is a substitution of 2 out 29 in and 87 out 81 in, is that right? 81 Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Substitution changes for Australia 2 out 29 in and 87 out 81 in (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia 2 out 29 in and 87 out 81 in Plate Umpire That s right, thank you. L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Re-entry Question: What is a Re-entry? Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Answer: A Re-entry is when an original starting player returns to the game in their original batting position. 3 How do you take a Re-entry? 5 29 7 8 9 1 81 A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 C. Trengove L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Re-entry Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier SCRIPT FOR RE-ENTRY Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 29 RE Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, Re-entry on number 2 . 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is a re-entry on number 2, is that right? 81 Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Changes for Australia Re-entry on number 2 (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia Re-entry 2 Plate Umpire That s right, thank you. L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Re-entry It is at this point that some umpires differ in how they show a Re-entry. Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 A clearly understood line up card makes it easier when trying to work out Illegal Substitutions and Illegal Re-entry. 3 5 29 RE 7 8 9 1 81 A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 C. Trengove L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom Substitutions & Positional together Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier SCRIPT FOR SUBSTITUTION & POSITIONAL CHANGES Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 29 RE 8 7 Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, 65 out 74 in and 7 to 8 and 8 to 7 . 74 7 8 9 1 81 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is a substitution of number 65 out 74 in and a positional change of 7 to 8 and 8 to 7, is that right? Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. I have substitutions and positional changes for Australia I will give you the substitutions first, number 65 out 74 in (STOP). The positional changes are 7 to 8 and 8 to 7 (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Substitution for Australia 65 out 74 in and positional change of 7 to 8 and 8 to 7 L. Harrow L. Harrow Plate Umpire That s right, thank you. NOTE: Substitutions should always be announced first and then positional changes.
Bottom DP/FLEX Players The DP/FLEX Interchange can become quite difficult if your line up card is messy. Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 The golden rule to the DP/FLEX players is that the DP & the FLEX can NOT be in the same hitting line up. 3 5 29 RE This rule becomes tricky when the DP & FLEX start to be inter- changed. 8 7 74 7 8 9 1 81 If the FLEX player comes in to hit for the DP it ISN T a substitution on the Flex player but IT IS on the DP, as they have left the game. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 If either the DP or FLEX leave the game the line up is reduced from 10 players to 9 players. C. Trengove The DP is like every other starting player they are subject to the same substitution rules. L. Harrow L. Harrow
Bottom DP/FLEX Players SCRIPT FOR CHANGE ON DP - SUBSTITUTION Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 29 12 RE Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, The FLEX is coming in to hit for the DP . 8 7 74 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is number 22 the DP out of the game, FLEX number 12 is in the hitting line up for the DP number 22, playing with 9 players, is that right? 81 A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Coach Yes, thanks. Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Changes for Australia Number 22 DP is out, Number 12 the FLEX is in for the DP 22, we are now playing with 9 players (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia 22 out, FLEX 12 in for 22 the DP L. Harrow L. Harrow Plate Umpire That s right, thank you.
Bottom DP/FLEX Players SCRIPT FOR CHANGE ON DP RE-ENTRY Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 29 12 RE RE Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, Re-entry of 22 . 8 7 74 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is Re-entry on number 22, going back to 10 players, is that right? 81 12 Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Changes for Australia Re-entry on number 22, going back to 10 players (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia Re-entry 22 L. Harrow L. Harrow Plate Umpire That s right, thank you.
Bottom DP/FLEX Players SCRIPT FOR CHANGE ON DP - POSITIONAL Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier OPO Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 Coach Will request TIME 3 Plate Umpire Acknowledge the coach and call TIME 5 6 RE RE 29 12 Coach I have changes then verbalises changes to the plate umpire, such as, DP to 6 and 6 to OPO (Offensive Player Only). 8 7 74 7 8 9 1 Plate Umpire Reiterate the changes to the Coach So that is a positional change of DP to defensive position 6 and 6 to OPO, is that right? 81 12 Coach Yes, thanks. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Plate Umpire Move to the Opposition Team or Official Statistician and attract their attention such as by saying Hi wait for a reply. Positional changes for Australia DP to defensive position 6 and 6 to OPO (STOP). Do you have that? C. Trengove Statistician Australia DP to 6 and 6 to OPO L. Harrow L. Harrow Plate Umpire That s right, thank you.
Bottom Conferences, Illegal Pitches & Notes The line up card is not just a written record of substitutions and positional changes that happen in the game. Def C - T4, T2 Australia 26/09/2019 Open Women s Olympic Qualifier OPO Warwick McManus Porter Sorrenson Forkin White Tsitsikronis Godfrey Lack Parnaby Clare Stacey Stacey Carmel Chelsea Belinda Taylah Leigh Rachael Kaia 1 50 16 33 2 22 DP 65 1 87 12 6 4 5 2 3 3 It should also be used to keep track of conferences and the innings taken that have happened in the game 5 6 29 12 RE RE 8 7 74 7 8 9 1 These can just be placed at the top of the teams list or on the back. 81 12 In the case of a protest that will not be heard on the spot record the batter, innings, score and count on the back. A. Kirkpatrick N. Jones Wall Perry Plain Stepto Jade Leah Gabby Tarni 81 74 25 29 Replacement players; although not a substitution, they should be recorded on the card with the innings, for later rule requirements. C. Trengove L. Harrow L. Harrow
Communication with Coach and Statistician Move to a position near the statistician with the coach to reduce time, however do not allow the coach to give the changes directly to the statistician Remember to try to keep your line up card tidy Always repeat the changes back to the coach when recording them on the line up card Speak clearly when talking to both the coaches and the team statistician No change is announced until such time as the umpire has marked it on the line up card Wait for the statistician to repeat the change An umpire should not knowingly accept a change they know is illegal
