Magnetism: Properties, Differences, and Similarities
MAGNETISM
Essential Question
: What are properties of magnets & magnetic materials?
How is a perma-magnet different from (and similar to) an electromagnet?
The stations in the back of the room
are set up so that you can explore
magnetism!
Please take the time
to read aloud the
procedures/questions
for the lab.
Need more info? Try these videos…
Beginner
Intermediate
Advanced
Which of the following items will a magnet attract?
Hypothesize:
Hypothesize:
Check your work…
What do
these items
have in
common?
They are made of
iron
,
cobalt
, or
nickel
(or a
mixture). These materials
are magnetic.
•
Magnetism
is a force (like gravity) and a form of
energy
•
It is the force of
attraction
or
repulsion
of a magnetic
material due to the arrangement of its electrons.
•
Magnetism was discovered by the
Greeks
. (They
found a mineral called
magnetite
that attracted some
metals to it)
•
This mineral (a magnet) can be used to see the
effects of magnetism.
Facts About
The
ends
of a magnet are where the
magnetic effect is the
strongest
.
These are called “
poles
.”
Each magnet has
2 poles – 1
north
, 1
south
.
Like poles
Like poles
repel
repel
…
…
Opposite poles
Opposite poles
attract
attract
!
!
The Law of Attraction
The Law of Attraction
Poles of a magnet
always
come in
pairs
!
N S N S
If you cut a magnet in half,
If you cut a magnet in half,
you get
you get
2
2
magnets!
magnets!
Magnetic Fields
Magnetic Fields
The region where the magnetic forces
The region where the magnetic forces
act is called the “
act is called the “
magnetic field
magnetic field
”
”
The Earth is a magnet:
The Earth is a magnet:
Earth’s magnetic
field is mostly
caused by electric
currents in
the liquid outer
core which is
composed of
conductive, molten
iron
.
Food for Thought
:
the north end of a
compass
magnet
is drawn to align with the Earth's
magnetic field. Because the Earth's
magnetic North Pole attracts the
"north" ends of other magnets, it is
technically the "South Pole" of our
planet's magnetic field.
There are 2 types of magnets:
•
Permanent magnets
–
permanent
–
Keep their magnetism all of the time
–
Ex. Refrigerator magnet
•
Electromagnets
–
Temporary
–
Can be magnetized by running electricity through
it
–
Ex. Car alternator
•
By running
electric
current through a wire, you can
create a
magnetic
field.
•
By using this simple principle, you can create all sorts
of things, including motors, speakers, disk drives and
so on.
•
Once an electromagnet is made, the magnetic
field can be made
stronger
.
•
To increase the strength of the magnetic field,
you must increase the
number
of coils/loops
in the conductive wire.
Which electromagnet
is the strongest?
Electromagnets can also be made stronger by:
1) increasing the number of
coils
2) increasing the
thickness
of the wire
3) increasing the size of the metal
rod
that the
wire is wrapped around.
4) increasing the
battery
size
Discover the properties of magnets and magnetic materials, understand the differences and similarities between permanent magnets and electromagnets. Delve into the basics of magnetism, explore magnetism stations, hypothesize about magnetic attraction, and learn interesting facts about magnets. Engage with visual content and hands-on experiments to deepen your understanding of this fascinating force.
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Presentation Transcript
MAGNETISM Essential Question: What are properties of magnets & magnetic materials? How is a perma-magnet different from (and similar to) an electromagnet?
Magnetism Stations The stations in the back of the room are set up so that you can explore magnetism! Please take the time to read aloud the procedures/questions for the lab.
MAGNETISM EXPLAINED Need more info? Try these videos Magnetism for Kids Beginner Bill Nye: Magnetism Intermediate Khan Academy: Magnetism Advanced
Hypothesize: Which of the following items will a magnet attract? Yes Item No Pencil Paper Clip Penny Marble Scissors Nuts & Bolts Screw Button
Check your work Item Yes No Pencil Paper Clip Penny Marble Scissors Nuts & Bolts Screw Button
What do these items have in common? They are made of iron, cobalt, or nickel (or a mixture). These materials are magnetic.
What is Magnetism? Magnetism is a force (like gravity) and a form of energy It is the force of attraction or repulsion of a magnetic material due to the arrangement of its electrons. Magnetism was discovered by the Greeks. (They found a mineral called magnetite that attracted some metals to it) This mineral (a magnet) can be used to see the effects of magnetism.
Facts About MAGNETS
The ends of a magnet are where the magnetic effect is the strongest. These are called poles. Each magnet has 2 poles 1 north, 1 south.
The Law of Attraction Like poles repel repel Opposite poles attract attract!
Poles of a magnet always come in pairs!
If you cut a magnet in half, N S N S you get 2 magnets!
Magnetic Fields The region where the magnetic forces act is called the magnetic field
The Earth is a magnet: Earth s magnetic field is mostly caused by electric currents in the liquid outer core which is composed of conductive, molten iron. Food for Thought: the north end of a compass magnet is drawn to align with the Earth's magnetic field. Because the Earth's magnetic North Pole attracts the "north" ends of other magnets, it is technically the "South Pole" of our planet's magnetic field.
There are 2 types of magnets: Permanent magnets permanent Keep their magnetism all of the time Ex. Refrigerator magnet Electromagnets Temporary Can be magnetized by running electricity through it Ex. Car alternator
Electromagnets By running electric current through a wire, you can create a magnetic field. By using this simple principle, you can create all sorts of things, including motors, speakers, disk drives and so on.
Electromagnets Once an electromagnet is made, the magnetic field can be made stronger. To increase the strength of the magnetic field, you must increase the number of coils/loops in the conductive wire.
Electromagnets Electromagnets can also be made stronger by: 1) increasing the number of coils 2) increasing the thickness of the wire 3) increasing the size of the metal rod that the wire is wrapped around. 4) increasing the battery size
