Key Figures and Reforms in Russian History
Explore the reigns of Alexander I, Alexander II, Alexander III, and Nicholas II in Russian history, highlighting their policies, reforms, and the societal impact of their rule. From Alexander I's efforts to modernize and his hesitance to free the serfs to Nicholas II's struggles with industrialization and the eventual fall of the Romanov dynasty, witness the evolution of Russia through key historical figures.
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Presentation Transcript
THREE PILLARS OF RUSSIAN ABSOLUTISM
Orthodoxy Nationalism Autocracy
ALEXANDER I Alexander I: 1801 inherits throne, eased censorship, promoted education, even TALKED about freeing serfs but did not because he feared losing support of the nobles. He was at the Congress of Vienna. When he died there was the Decembrist revolt Russian people demanded a Constitution and other reforms.
ALEXANDER II Alexander II: took throne in 1855 during the Crimean War Russia had tried to seize Ottoman lands along the Danube river. Britain and France stepped in on the side of the Turks. Russia was defeated. 1861 the serfs were emancipated. He set up zemstovs which were local governments with elected assemblies. They worked on education, road repair and agriculture. Censorship was eased, liberated women and trial by jury. 1881 terrorists killed the Czar!
ALEXANDER III Alexander III: goes back to harsh policies of Nicholas 1st after his father was killed. Increases power of the secret police, Russification = one language and one church. Pogroms violent attacks on the Jews, this causes a refugee problem
NICHOLAS II Nicholas II Enters the Industrial age which causes new social ills, Builds Trans Siberian RR, loses war with Japan over Korea. Bloody Sunday - peaceful march on Winter palace to ask Czar for help. His troops fire on the people this causes the Russians to lose faith in their: Little Father 1905 Revolution Get a DUMA legislative body 1917 Lenin overthrows the Provisional Government of Kerensky, kills Czar Nicholas II and his family. Russia becomes 1st communist country!
