Kathakali Dance: A Traditional Art Form from Kerala
Title : Kathakali Dance
(The art of dance) (Unit-3)
By Shiuli Mahapatra
.
KATHAKALI , a form of ritual drama originated in Kerala.
Evolving from earlier forms of dance drama such as
KODIYATTAM,KRISHNATTAM,RAMANATTAM.
It was performed in palaces and temples and at
religious festivals.
KATHAKALI draws its subject matter from the Hindu epics
chronicling the lives , loves and conflicts of the Gods
and heroes of indian mythology like Ramayana ,
Mahabharata , Puran.
The Name “KATHAKALI” derives
from Malayalam words “Katha”
which means story and “Kali”
which means play.
A traditional Kathakali performance is usually
conducted at night and ends early in the morning.
Kathakali is usually performed in front of
a
kalivilakku
(“kali”= dance; “vilakku”= lamp), which
provided light when the plays were performed inside
temples, residences of nobles, and palaces. A
Kathakali performance scheduled to begin at 10:00
pm will be announced in a special manner by the
loud playing of
chenda,
maddalam
(percussion),
elathalam
and
chengila
(m
etallic cymbals) during the evening, so that they can
be heard even at a distance. This instrumental music,
called
kelikottu
, is very familiar to lovers of Kathakali.
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There are five main types of characters, usually
identified by the predominant color of makeup
applied to the face or its pattern:
1.
pacha
2.
kathi
3.
thadi
4.
kari
5.
minukku
In Kathakali, the pacha vesham
with its predominant green colour is
used to portray noble male
characters like kings and divine
beings. These characters have a
mix of satvic (pious) and rajsik
(kingly) nature. Characters like Lord
Krishna and Lord Rama are
examples of pacha vesham
.
Kathi charecters are proud ,
aggressive and unrighteous
charecters such as demon
king Ravana are though their
make-up is basically green,
denoting that they are high
born, a red mark line on
upturned moustache.They
also have white knob on the
tips of thin nose and on their
foreheads
.
There are three varities of thadi .
The most aggressive and
demonic known as chuvanna
thadi (red beard).Mythical and
fabulous being like Bali (King of
monkeys) are known as vella
thadi (white beard), aboriginals,
forest-men and cave dwellers
are known as Karutha thadi
(black beard).
The lowest and aggressive
being are kari. It have small
patterns of red , white and
yellow on a completely
black face.
It is used to represent women
and sages.In Kathakali the
female character are also
performed by man.The
vesham is used to represent
gentleness and high spiritual
standing and is charecterized
with yellow facial paint..
Head gear - Kirtam
Ear rings – Tora
Small ear rings – Chetipuru
Red cloth are used below the head gear – Chuttitan
False hair – Chamaram
Wooden bangles – Tolput
Necklace of beads – Kajuharam
Ghaghra – uruteketta
Ghungur of kathakali dance – Gochamoni
Ladies scarf - Uruman
o
Drama and art in education – Aniruddha Mukherjee
o
Kathakali – Wikipedia
o
www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/kathakali
o
http://ccrtindia.gov.in/kathakali.php
If you have any queries, please contact at –
Phone number – 9732969846
Whattsapp no - 9800301705
Kathakali is a traditional dance form from Kerala, characterized by elaborate makeup, costumes, intricate movements, and expressive storytelling. Originating from ritual dramas, Kathakali combines acting, dance, enactment, music, and instrument accompaniment. Performances are conducted at night and early morning, showcasing the incredible skill and physical stamina of dancers trained in Kalaripayattu, the ancient martial art of Kerala. The makeup and costumes of characters play a significant role in portraying different roles in Kathakali.
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Course Name Drama and art in education (2ndSemester) Course code 1.2.EPC2 Title : Kathakali Dance (The art of dance) (Unit-3) By Shiuli Mahapatra
INTRODUCTION KATHAKALI , a form of ritual drama originated in Kerala. Evolving from earlier forms of dance drama such as KODIYATTAM,KRISHNATTAM,RAMANATTAM. It was performed in palaces and temples and at religious festivals. KATHAKALI draws its subject matter from the Hindu epics chronicling the lives , loves and conflicts of the Gods and heroes of indian mythology like Ramayana , Mahabharata , Puran. .
ETYMOLOGY The Name KATHAKALI derives from Malayalam words Katha which means story and Kali which means play.
ELEMENTS KATHAKALI is consideres to be a combination of five art forms like - 1.Natyam (Acting) 2.Nritham(Dance) 3.Nrithyam (Enactment) 4.Sangeetham (Music) 5.Vadyam (Instrument accompaniment)
PERFORMANCE A conducted at night and ends early in the morning. Kathakali is usually performed a kalivilakku ( kali = dance; vilakku = lamp), which provided light when the plays were performed inside temples, residences of nobles, Kathakali performance scheduled to begin at 10:00 pm will be announced in a special manner by the loud playing maddalam (percussion), elathalam and chengila (m etallic cymbals) during the evening, so that they can be heard even at a distance. This instrumental music, called kelikottu, is very familiar to lovers of Kathakali. traditional Kathakali performance is usually in front of and palaces. A of chenda,
ACTING A Kathakali concentration, skill, and physical stamina, gained through training based on Kalaripayattu, the ancient martial art of Kerala. Training begins around the age of ten, and often lasts for eight to ten years. The training program is intensive; each day begins at 3:30 am and ends at 8:30 pm, with short breaks in between. During the monsoon and winter there are rigorous body massage sessions. Each student learns the complete language of Kathakali, memorizing the combinations of facial expressions (rasas), bodily movements and hand gestures (mudras). Dancers also undergo special practice sessions to learn movements. actor needs immense powers of control of their eye
MAKE UP & COSTUMES There are five main types of characters, usually identified by the predominant color of makeup applied to the face or its pattern: 1. pacha 2. kathi 3. thadi 4. kari 5. minukku
PACHA In Kathakali, the pacha vesham with its predominant green colour is used to portray characters like kings and divine beings. These characters have a mix of satvic (pious) and rajsik (kingly) nature. Characters like Lord Krishna and Lord examples of pacha vesham. noble male Rama are
KATHI Kathi charecters are proud , aggressive and charecters such as demon king Ravana are though their make-up is basically green, denoting that they are high born, a red mark line on upturned moustache.They also have white knob on the tips of thin nose and on their foreheads. unrighteous
THADI There are three varities of thadi . The most aggressive demonic known thadi (red beard).Mythical and fabulous being like Bali (King of monkeys) are known as vella thadi (white beard), aboriginals, forest-men and are known as (black beard). and as chuvanna cave Karutha dwellers thadi
KARI The lowest and aggressive being are kari. It have small patterns of red , white and yellow on a black face. completely
MINUKKU It is used to represent women and sages.In female character performed by vesham is used to represent gentleness and high spiritual standing and is charecterized with yellow facial paint.. Kathakali the also are man.The
The costumes of the Kathakali dance are matched with the make-up.Some of the example of the dresses are given below- Head gear - Kirtam Ear rings Tora Small ear rings Chetipuru Red cloth are used below the head gear Chuttitan False hair Chamaram Wooden bangles Tolput Necklace of beads Kajuharam Ghaghra uruteketta Ghungur of kathakali dance Gochamoni Ladies scarf - Uruman
REFERENCE oDrama and art in education Aniruddha Mukherjee oKathakali Wikipedia owww.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/kathakali ohttp://ccrtindia.gov.in/kathakali.php If you have any queries, please contact at Phone number 9732969846 Whattsapp no - 9800301705
