Irish Grammar: Past Tense Verbs - Rules and Examples
Learn about forming the past tense of 1-syllable broad verbs in Irish grammar. Understand when to use "h," "d," or "dh" before verbs starting with consonants, vowels, or "f." Discover how to ask questions and form negatives in the past tense, with helpful examples provided.
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Gramadach cuid a d
An Aimsir Chaite Inn (The Past Tense - Yesterday) 1 syllable broad verbs If a verb in the past tense begins with a consonant, a h (known as a s imhi ) is inserted after the first letter. We never use a s imhi for verbs that begin with l, n and r. For example: Glan takes a s imhi (h) in the past tense. The s imhi ( h) is inserted after the first letter. Glan m becomes G lan m The only difficult part is when we want to say we did something in the past tense. With broad verbs in the past tense, we add amar onto the end of the stem along with putting the s imhi after the first letter. s imhi (h) + we(amar) Glan
An Aimsir Chaite Inn (The Past Tense - Yesterday) 1 syllable broad verbs If a verb in the past tense begins with a vowel, we put a D in front of the first letter. For example: l would become D l in the past tense. The only difficult part is when we want to say we did something in the past tense. With broad verbs in the past tense, we add amar onto the end of the stem along with putting D in front of the first letter. D + we(amar) l
An Aimsir Chaite Inn (The Past Tense - Yesterday) 1 syllable broad verbs D in front of and a s imhi (h) after the first letter. If a verb in the past tense begins with an F, we put a For example: F g would become in the past tense. f g The only difficult part is when we want to say we did something in the past tense. With broad verbs that begin with f in the past tense, we add amar onto the end of the stem along with putting a D in front of and a h after the first letter. + we(amar) D + h f g
An Aimsir Chaite Inn (The Past Tense - Yesterday) 1 syllable broad verbs Ceisteach agus Di ltach (Questions and Negative) To ask a question in the past tense, we put Ar before the verb e.g. Ar ghlan t ? (Did you clean?), Ar rith t ? (Did you run?), Ar l t ? (Did you drink?)* To say that you didn t do something, we put N or before the word e.g. N or ghlan m (I did not clean), N or fh g m (I did not leave), N or l m ? (I did not drink)* *Notice how we don t use d when using the ceisteach agus di ltach
An Aimsir Chaite Inn (The Past Tense - Yesterday) 1 syllable broad verbs Quick Recap: 1. For verbs that begin with a consonant, add a h after the first letter e.g. glan = ghlan m 2. For verbs that being with a vowel, put a d in front of the word e.g. l = d l m 3. For verbs that begin with an f, put a d in front of the first letter and a h after it e.g. f g = d fh g m 4. For verbs that begin with l, n and r, no change is made in the past tense e.g. rith = rith m 5. To ask a question, we use Ar. To say the negative, we use N or.
