Introduction to Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA): Basics and Applications
ABA is a systematic approach that aims to improve behaviors through reinforcement strategies, focusing on operant conditioning principles. It targets various groups like toddlers, school-aged children, teens, and young adults. ABA is widely used for disorders such as substance use disorder, eating disorders, dementia, OCD, and panic disorder. Pioneer B.F. Skinner introduced ABA, which is based on the theory of operant conditioning and emphasizes changing specific behaviors effectively.
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ABA Method ABA Method Be My Friend Be My Friend Be my friend,I friend,I am just like you am just like you 2020 2020- -1 1- -BG01 BG01- -KA201 KA201- -079139 LTTA in Cyprus (11 LTTA in Cyprus (11- -15.04.2022) Be my 079139 15.04.2022)
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Contents of the presentation: Contents of the presentation: Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA Basics of Operant Conditioning Basics of Operant Conditioning Target Groups for ABA Target Groups for ABA Reinforcement Strategies for Autism Reinforcement Strategies for Autism How Reinforcement Work How Reinforcement Work ABCs of Behaviour ABCs of Behaviour ABA s Intervention Techniques ABA s Intervention Techniques Behaviour Support Plan Behaviour Support Plan Group Contingencies Group Contingencies Good Behaviour Game Good Behaviour Game
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Applied Behaviour Analysis Applied Behaviour Analysis Aims to improve & change specific behaviours Aims to improve & change specific behaviours
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Pioneer Pioneer First introduced by B.F Skinner First introduced by B.F Skinner
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Based on the theory of operant conditioning Based on the theory of operant conditioning
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Target Group Target Group Toddlers Toddlers School School- -aged children aged children Teens Teens Young adults Young adults
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Effectively used for various disorders: Effectively used for various disorders: Substance use disorder Substance use disorder Eating disorders Eating disorders Dementia Dementia OCD OCD Panic Disorder Panic Disorder
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Target Group Target Group Mainly used children with autism Mainly used children with autism
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Improving social, communication, and learning skills via Improving social, communication, and learning skills via reinforcement strategies reinforcement strategies What are reinforcement strategies? What are reinforcement strategies?
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? What are reinforcement strategies? What are reinforcement strategies? Positive reinforcement: add something wanted Positive reinforcement: add something wanted Negative reinforcement: remove something unwanted Negative reinforcement: remove something unwanted
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? What are reinforcement strategies? What are reinforcement strategies? The name negative does not imply something bad! The name negative does not imply something bad!
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? What are reinforcement strategies? What are reinforcement strategies? Both strategies aim to increase targeted behaviours Both strategies aim to increase targeted behaviours
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? How reinforcement strategies work? How reinforcement strategies work? Therapist identifies a goal behaviour Therapist identifies a goal behaviour Whenever, a child follows goal behaviour, Whenever, a child follows goal behaviour, reward follows reward follows
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? How reinforcement strategies work? How reinforcement strategies work? Reward should be meaningful to individual Reward should be meaningful to individual
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Main principle of ABA is: Main principle of ABA is: ABC chain of Behaviour ABC chain of Behaviour
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABC chain of behaviour ABC chain of behaviour Behaviour Behaviour Antecedent: What happens Antecedent: What happens before the behaviour before the behaviour Consequences: What happens Consequences: What happens following the behaviour following the behaviour
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABC chain of behaviour ABC chain of behaviour - - Example Example
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Looking at ABCs also aids to understand: Looking at ABCs also aids to understand: 1. 1. Why behaviour occurs Why behaviour occurs 2. 2. How different consequences effect the continuation of the How different consequences effect the continuation of the targeted behaviour targeted behaviour
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABA has many intervention techniques ABA has many intervention techniques 1. 1. Discrete Trial Training (break down Discrete Trial Training (break down small steps small steps reinforce desired reinforce desired behaviour behaviour
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABA has many intervention techniques ABA has many intervention techniques 2. Early Intensive Behavioral 2. Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention Intervention for preschoolers for preschoolers
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABA has many intervention techniques ABA has many intervention techniques 3. Early Start Denver Model 3. Early Start Denver Model
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABA has many intervention techniques ABA has many intervention techniques 4. Modeling 4. Modeling
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? ABA has many intervention techniques ABA has many intervention techniques 5. Picture Exchange 5. Picture Exchange Communication System Communication System
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Important to Create Behaviour Support Plan Important to Create Behaviour Support Plan Consist of the following parts: Consist of the following parts: Define challenging behaviours Define challenging behaviours Identify interventions needed to reduce challenging Identify interventions needed to reduce challenging behaviours behaviours Make a plan to teach new behaviour/reinforce continuously Make a plan to teach new behaviour/reinforce continuously Create evaluation plan Create evaluation plan
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? What does Evaluation Plan Involve What does Evaluation Plan Involve Behaviour Support Plan Behaviour Support Plan Short-term Goals Long-term Goals Procedures to evaluate progress Data to determine whether the implementation is successful Date of reviewing progress
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Group Contingencies Group Contingencies
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Group Contingencies : can be used at classrooms & workplaces Group Contingencies : can be used at classrooms & workplaces
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? 3 types of group contingencies 3 types of group contingencies Dependent Dependent Independent Independent Interdependent Interdependent
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Group Contingencies Group Contingencies
Introduction to ABA Introduction to ABA What is ABA? What is ABA? Good Behaviour Game Good Behaviour Game Interdependent Group Contingency Interdependent Group Contingency Teacher puts some expectations for good behaviour. Teacher puts some expectations for good behaviour. Students are divided into teams. Students are divided into teams. Points are Points are provided provided during the game. during the game. Each member of the team should work together to win the game Each member of the team should work together to win the game If If one member earns a point, the whole team earns a point. one member earns a point, the whole team earns a point. Teams that meet the criterion at the end of the game win the game Teams that meet the criterion at the end of the game win the game The competition is against a criterion, not against each other. The competition is against a criterion, not against each other.
