Innovation and Toxicant-Induced Loss of Tolerance Analysis

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Incorporating innovation into alternatives analysis is crucial, especially in understanding toxicant-induced loss of tolerance. Dr. Nicholas Ashford explores the non-classical mechanism of widespread diseases like autism, ADHD, chronic fatigue, and more. The discussion delves into socially optimal pollution levels, efficient risk reduction strategies, and the complex symptoms arising from toxicant exposure.


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  1. Alternatives Analysis incorporating innovation and Toxicant-Induced Loss of Tolerance Nicholas Ashford, PhD., JD Technology and Law Program MIT

  2. Figure 3.1: The Socially Optimal (i.e., efficient) Level of Pollution Derived from the Marginal Costs and Benefits of Pollution Control

  3. Cost Maximum Allowable Risk Under Regulation Demand for Risk Reduction C0 Existing Technology C0 New Technology Risk Ro Pre-regulatory Level of Risk An Innovative Response to Regulation

  4. Cost Maximum Allowable Risk Under Regulation Demand for Risk Reduction C0 C1 Existing Technology C0 New Technology Risk Ro R1 Pre-regulatory Level of Risk An Innovative Response to Regulation

  5. Toxicant-Induced Loss of Tolerance A non-classical mechanism of widespread disease A two step disease process involving initiation/sensitization followed by triggers at low level exposures Examples: Autism, ADHD, chronic fatigue, gulf war syndrome, combustion/fire incidents, chemical and food intolerances, mold

  6. Toxicant-Induced Loss of Tolerance Symptoms more or less identical from people who have been labeled as exhibiting different diseases Examples: Autism, ADHD, chronic fatigue, gulf war syndrome, combustion/fire incidents, chemical and food intolerances, mold

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