Importance of Vitamins and Minerals in Health
undefined
VITAMINS AND MINERALS
CHAPTER 18
VITAMINS
Definition
- Complex organic substances vital for life.
Function
– Combines with enzymes to help chemical
reactions take place.
Megadoses –
excessively large amounts of vitamins
VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
Deficiency Disease
– a disease caused by a lack of a
specific nutrient
Beriberi
– a disease of the nervous system that causes
partial paralysis, weakness, mental confusion, and
death. Caused by lack of vitamin B
1
, or thiamine.
Osteomalacia
– Adult Rickets (lack of vitamin D)
Pellagra
– a disease that causes skin eruption, digestive
and nervous disturbances, and eventual mental
decline
VITAMIN PRECURSOR
Precursor
is a compound that can be changed into a
vitamin in the body. Vitamin precursors are also called
pro-vitamins
.
Beta carotene,
is an orange plant pigment that can be
changed into vitamin A in the intestines and liver.
TWO CATEGORIES OF VITAMINS
WATER SOLUBLE-
DISSOLVE IN WATER
Thiamin, (vitamin B
1
)
Riboflavin, (vitamin B
2
)
Niacin
Vitamin B
6
Vitamin B
12
Folacin
Pantothenic acid
Biotin
Vitamin C
FAT SOLUBLE-DISSOLVE
IN LIPIDS
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
MINERALS
Definition –
inorganic elements needed by the body.
Function
– help chemical reactions in the body. Often
working as a team with vitamins. For example, vitamin
C boosts iron absorption, and zinc helps the liver
release vitamin A.
TWO CLASSES OF MINERALS
MAJOR MINERALS
-NEEDED
IN AMOUNTS OF 0.1G OR
MORE DAILY.
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Phosphorus
Chloride
Sulfur
Magnesium
TRACE MINERALS-
BODY
NEEDS 0.01G OR LESS
Iron
Iodine
Zinc
Copper
Manganese
Fluoride
Chromium
Selenium
Molybdenum
PHYTOCHEMICALS IN F0ODS
Phytochemicals -
Compounds that come from plant sources and may
help improve health and reduce the risk of some diseases.
Vitamins are essential organic substances that play key roles in the body, working with enzymes to facilitate chemical reactions. Deficiencies in vitamins can lead to diseases like beriberi and pellagra. Vitamin precursors, such as beta carotene, can be converted into vitamins within the body. Vitamins are categorized into water-soluble (B-complex, vitamin C) and fat-soluble (vitamin A, D, E, K). Minerals, inorganic elements, also support bodily functions and often collaborate with vitamins. Major minerals like calcium and potassium are needed in larger amounts, while trace minerals such as iron and zinc are required in smaller quantities.
Download Presentation
Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.
The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.
E N D
Presentation Transcript
VITAMINS Definition Definition - Complex organic substances vital for life. Function Function Combines with enzymes to help chemical reactions take place. Megadoses Megadoses excessively large amounts of vitamins
VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES Deficiency Disease Deficiency Disease a disease caused by a lack of a specific nutrient Beriberi Beriberi a disease of the nervous system that causes partial paralysis, weakness, mental confusion, and death. Caused by lack of vitamin B1, or thiamine. Osteomalacia Osteomalacia Adult Rickets (lack of vitamin D) Pellagra Pellagra a disease that causes skin eruption, digestive and nervous disturbances, and eventual mental decline
VITAMIN PRECURSOR Precursor Precursor is a compound that can be changed into a vitamin in the body. Vitamin precursors are also called pro-vitamins. . Beta carotene, Beta carotene, is an orange plant pigment that can be changed into vitamin A in the intestines and liver.
TWO CATEGORIES OF VITAMINS W A T E R S O L U B L E W A T E R S O L U B L E - - D I S S O L V E I N W A T E R D I S S O L V E I N W A T E R Thiamin, (vitamin B1) Riboflavin, (vitamin B2) Niacin Vitamin B6 Vitamin B12 Folacin Pantothenic acid Biotin Vitamin C F A T S O L U B L E F A T S O L U B L E - - D I S S O L V E I N L I P I D S I N L I P I D S D I S S O L V E Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K http://allnaturalvitamins.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Vitamins.jpg
MINERALS Definition Definition inorganic elements needed by the body. Function Function help chemical reactions in the body. Often working as a team with vitamins. For example, vitamin C boosts iron absorption, and zinc helps the liver release vitamin A.
TWO CLASSES OF MINERALS M A J O R M I N E R A L S M A J O R M I N E R A L S - N E E D E D I N A M O U N T S O F 0 . 1 G O R M O R E D A I L Y . Sodium Potassium Calcium Phosphorus Chloride Sulfur Magnesium T R A C E M I N E R A L S T R A C E M I N E R A L S - - B O D Y N E E D S 0 . 0 1 G O R L E S S Iron Iodine Zinc Copper Manganese Fluoride Chromium Selenium Molybdenum
PHYTOCHEMICALS IN F0ODS Phytochemicals Phytochemicals - - Compounds that come from plant sources and may help improve health and reduce the risk of some diseases. Food Sources Food Sources Phytochemical Phytochemical Possible Link Possible Link to Health to Health Garlic, onions, leeks, chives Allyl sulfides May trigger enzyme production to help eliminate carcinogens (cancer causers) Fruits, and vegetables with deep pigments, such as carrots, pumpkin and spinach Carotenoids such as beta carotene and lycopene Antioxidants; may reduce cancer risks Grapes Ellagic acid May reduce risk of heart disease Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and other cruciferous vegetables Indoles Sulforaphane May reduce risk of breast cancer May play a role in cancer prevention Soy and legumes Isoflavones May reduce risk of some cancers May lower cholesterol Flaxseed Lignans May reduce risk of breast and ovarian cancers
