Hadron Spectroscopy and Physics Potential
SnowMass RF Townhall Meeting : Hadron Spectroscopy
Haiping Peng
penghp@ustc.edu.cn
University of Science and Technology
China (USTC)
State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics
2020.10.02
1
Physics Potential of a Super Tau-Charm
Facility (STCF)
S
M
&
Q
C
D
2
The
asymptotic freedom
of QCD in high energy region
is precisely test
But need
more experimental inputs
in the low energy region, color
confinement
provide excellent
platform
to study the QCD
Q
M
&
S
p
e
c
t
r
o
s
c
o
p
y
3
Quark Model (QM)
successfully describes the
structure of sub-atom
In last two decades, a series of
new states (Tetraquark, Pentaquarks)
are found,
however, their
internal compositions
are
not identified
yet :
Main reason :
imperfect
on the perturbative QCD
Incorporating theory with experimental observation, to
improve
power of
prediction
Comprehensively establish
the hadron spectrum
and intensively study
the exotic
hadrons
properties experimentally are essential !
B
r
o
a
d
P
h
y
s
i
c
s
a
t
-
c
e
n
e
r
g
y
r
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g
i
o
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4
7
•
Light hadron spectroscopy
•
Gluonic and exotic states
•
Process of LFV and CPV
•
Rare and forbidden decays
•
Physics with
lepton
•
Hadron form factors
•
Y(2175) resonance
•
Mutltiquark states with s quark
•
MLLA/LPHD and QCD sum rule
predictions
•
XYZ particles
•
Physics with D mesons
•
fD and fDs
•
D0-D0 mixing
•
Charm baryons
Unique features
：
Transition region between QCD and pQCD
Rich of resonance and exotics
Threshold characteristics, Quantum Correlation…
-
c
P
h
y
s
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s
a
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C
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i
n
a
5
1
9
9
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
2
0
2
0
(10
35
cm
-2
s
-1
)?
30
years
history,
leading role
in tau-charm and hadrons physic area
BEPCII/BESIII
Will end her
mission in
5-10
years
，
STCF is a
nature extension.
Challenge
of BEPCII/BESIII
：
Limited by length of storage ring,
no large space
and potential
for the upgrade.
Physics study limited by the
Statistics
(luminosity),
CME
……
Competition from
Belle II and LHCb
S
T
C
F
a
t
C
h
i
n
a
6
Central mass energy :
2-7
GeV
(BEPCII 2-4.7 GeV)
Peaking Luminosity :
> 0.5
10
35
cm
-2
s
-1
at 4 GeV
(
two orders
of BEPCII)
Potential
to increase luminosity and realize beam
polarization
Deliver a
t least
1 ab
-1
/year
data
C
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
u
m
(
-
l
i
k
e
)
S
p
e
c
t
r
o
s
c
o
p
y
7
Very
activity
and large
progress
in past decades, a
new territory
for exotic hadron
Remarkable developments
: the
fail
of hadron models to
anticipate the rich charmonium spectrum of
hidden-charm states
Tasks :
Precisely measurement
the
transition
Search for the
missing
states
Understand the nature
of
unknown states
Search for the
new
exotic states
C
h
a
r
m
o
n
i
u
m
(
-
L
i
k
e
)
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
8
STCF : XYZ-Meson factory
Expected event number
per year
at STCF
Opportunities :
•
Precision Argand plot analysis
•
Precise mass and width measurements
•
Rare decays and new states searching
S
e
a
r
c
h
i
n
g
f
o
r
1
-
-
H
y
b
r
i
d
9
C
o
m
p
e
t
i
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
B
e
l
l
e
-
I
I
10
B factory :
Total integrate effective luminosity between 4-5 GeV is
0.23 ab
-1
for 50 ab
-1
data
C factory
: scan in 4-5 GeV, 10 MeV/step, every point have
10 fb
-1
/year,
5 time
of Belle II for 50 ab
-1
data
have
higher efficiency and low background
than B Factory
@ 4.26 GeV for
+
-
J/
BESIII
= 46%,
Belle
= 10%
L
i
g
h
t
h
a
d
r
o
n
s
Glueballs, hybrids, exotic states
searching are
greatly motivated
in light
hadrons scope, but
challenged
obviously.
Great
progress
on
Lattie QCD
, more experimental inputs are necessary
11
Charmonium
decays is an
ideal
hunting ground
•
“
Glue-rich
”
process
•
Clean and high statistics sample
•
I (J
pc
) filter in strong decays
S
T
C
F
:
f
a
c
t
o
r
y
3
T
J
/
o
r
5
0
0
B
/
y
e
a
r
12
Systematic
study of
glueball, hybrid and conventional spectroscopy
•
Precision multi-variable analysis
•
Comprehensive measurement of all possible decay modes, e.g. J/
•
…
Light hadrons
: important role in low energy QCD
Baryon
spectroscopy
Hyperon
decays : CP asymmetry violation…
1T J/
3T J/
V
e
c
t
o
r
M
e
s
o
n
s
13
(2150) and
(2170)
14
(2170)
(2150)
Based on isospin and OZI rule, precisely measure resonances
parameters, and decay strength, e.g.
(2170) @
Comprehensive study of decays
：
e.g. e
+
e
-
→ KK
,
KK
Complicate intermediate states, large sample and PWA are necessary
STCF :
C
h
a
r
m
e
d
h
a
d
r
o
n
s
15
Charmed hadron Spectroscopy provide an ideal role in studying the
dynamics
of the light quarks in
the environment of a heavy quark
, …
A
c
t
i
v
i
t
i
e
s
a
n
d
P
r
o
g
r
e
s
s
16
Toward to have
CDR
and
TDR
in
5-7 years
P
r
e
l
i
m
i
n
a
r
y
C
D
R
17
17
Three volumes
(Physics, Accelerator and Detector), will
released
(Physics/Detector) before
the end of this year
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
C
o
l
l
a
b
o
r
a
t
i
o
n
18
SCT at
Novosibirsk
, Russia
Budker Institute
of Nuclear Physics Long history…..
Carry out
joint
efforts on
R&D
for some key technology,
joint meeting
monthly
Joint workshop : China, Russia, Europe
•
2018 UCAS , Novosibirsk , Orsay
•
2019 Moscow
•
2020 (Guangzhou, China) online
Others efforts
：
•
FTOF for PID (LAL)
•
uRwell for inner tracking (Frascati )
•
Accelerator Lattice (KEK)
Seeking intensive international Collaboration
S
u
m
m
a
r
y
19
Physics at -c energy region is
abundant
, and is
unique
for the
hadron spectroscopy and test QCD
A super -c facility (STCF) is
nature extension
of
BEPCII/BESIII and
a viable option
for post-BEPCII era in
China
Great progress
has
achieved for feasibility study of
STCF
Strategy & Plan
•
Intend
to have a
CDR
and
TDR in five years
•
Construction site: Currently open
T
e
n
t
a
t
i
v
e
S
c
h
e
d
u
l
e
20
F
u
n
d
i
n
g
S
u
p
p
o
r
t
21
USTC
: Initial funds
15M CNY (2018-2020)
CAS
: Program for cultivation of international big science program
6M CNY (2021-2025)
NSFC
: Key technology R&D
3 Key programs + several general programs
10 M CNY
Seeking for the funding support on R&D from MOST, CAS and local goverment
Budget Estimation
22
R&D : 250M CNY, Construction : 4 B CNY
(Very Rough)
C
a
n
d
i
d
a
t
e
S
i
t
e
:
H
e
f
e
i
23
One of three
integrated national science centers
, which will play
important role in ‘Megascience’ of China in near future
Hefei Integrated National Science Center
Pay a lot of attention on
accelerator
facilities
Hefei Advanced light source
is under design
STCF is listed in
future plan
University of Science and
Technology of China (USTC)
National Synchrotron Radiation
Lab and Hefei Light Source,
operated by USTC
The only National Lab operated
by University in China. (Totally
Four officially approved National
Labs in China)
C
a
n
d
i
d
a
t
e
S
i
t
e
:
C
a
n
t
o
n
24
Institute of Modern Physics, CAS, proposed building
HIAF-EicC
In Huizhou, Canton
Exploring
feasibility
and
strategy
Complementarity
in physics
Sharing
e-ring and infrastructure
Joint
R&D and Key technologies
A Hadron Physics Internal Center ?
A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
o
r
b
a
s
e
d
p
r
o
j
e
c
t
i
n
C
h
i
n
a
25
Consensus in HEP community in China (about accelerator based particle
physics project)
Web of Division of High energy physics, Chinese Physics Society
http://www.ihep.cas.cn/xh/gnwlxh/zxdt/
CEPC
and
HIEPA (STCF)
are the
viable options
…
Carry out the work in both
high energy frontier and
intensive luminosity
frontier
Unanimity to consent to
support R&D of
STCF
, …it is
necessary
to carry out the R&D
Successfully describing the structure of subatomic particles, Quark Model plays a crucial role in understanding hadron properties. The convergence between theoretical predictions and experimental observations is key to advancing the field of Hadron Spectroscopy, particularly in exploring exotic states like Tetraquarks and Pentaquarks. Emphasizing the importance of experimental inputs in studying the low-energy region of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), this discussion delves into the rich spectrum of hadrons and their properties. Join the exploration of Charm Facility's Physics Potential with the potential to enhance our understanding of fundamental physics phenomena.
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Presentation Transcript
SnowMass SnowMass RF RF Townhall Townhall Meeting : Hadron Spectroscopy Meeting : Hadron Spectroscopy Physics Potential of a Super Tau Physics Potential of a Super Tau- -Charm Facility (STCF) Facility (STCF) Charm Haiping Haiping Peng penghp@ustc.edu.cn penghp@ustc.edu.cn Peng University of Science and Technology University of Science and Technology China (USTC) State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics 2020.10.02 2020.10.02 China (USTC) 1
SM & QCD The The asymptotic freedom asymptotic freedom of QCD in high energy region of QCD in high energy region is precisely test But need But need more experimental inputs more experimental inputs in the low energy region, color Lepton and charmed quark Lepton and charmed quark provide excellent provide excellent platform is precisely test in the low energy region, color confinement platform to study the QCD to study the QCD confinement 2
QM & Spectroscopy Quark Model (QM) Quark Model (QM) successfully describes the successfully describes the structure of sub structure of sub- -atom atom Conventional Conventional hadrons hadrons Exotic Hadrons Exotic Hadrons meson meson baryon baryon In last two decades, a series of In last two decades, a series of new states ( however, their however, their internal compositions internal compositions are Main reason : Main reason : imperfect imperfect on the perturbative QCD Incorporating theory with experimental observation, to Incorporating theory with experimental observation, to improve Comprehensively establish Comprehensively establish the hadron spectrum the hadron spectrum and intensively study hadrons hadrons properties experimentally are essential ! properties experimentally are essential ! new states (Tetraquark are not identified not identified yet : on the perturbative QCD Tetraquark, , Pentaquarks Pentaquarks) ) are found, yet : are found, improve power of power of prediction and intensively study the exotic prediction the exotic 3
Broad Physics at -c energy region 5 5- -7GeV 7GeV Blank in Blank in ?+? directly Opportunity Opportunity STCF directly STCF 7 7 Hadron form factors Y(2175) resonance Mutltiquark states with s quark MLLA/LPHD and QCD sum rule predictions XYZ particles Physics with D mesons fD and fDs D0-D0 mixing Charm baryons Light hadron spectroscopy Gluonic and exotic states Process of LFV and CPV Rare and forbidden decays Physics with lepton Unique features Unique features Transition region between QCD and Transition region between QCD and pQCD Rich of resonance and exotics Rich of resonance and exotics Threshold characteristics, Quantum Correlation Threshold characteristics, Quantum Correlation pQCD 4
-c Physics at China 30 30 years years history, history, leading role leading role in tau in tau- -charm and hadrons physic area charm and hadrons physic area BEPCI /BESI BEPCI /BESI- -II 10 1031 cm- -2 2s s- -1 1 II BEPCII/BESIII BEPCII/BESIII (10 (1033 cm- -2 2s s- -1 1) ) (10 (1035 35cm cm- -2 2s s- -1 1)? )? 31cm 33cm 1990 2020 2010 2030 2000 BEPCII/BESIII BEPCII/BESIII Will end her Will end her mission in mission in 5 5- -10 years years STCF is a STCF is a nature extension. nature extension. 10 Challenge Challenge of BEPCII/BESIII of BEPCII/BESIII Limited by length of storage ring, Limited by length of storage ring, no large space and potential and potential for the upgrade. for the upgrade. Physics study limited by the Physics study limited by the Statistics CME CME Competition from Competition from Belle II and Belle II and LHCb no large space Statistics (luminosity), (luminosity), LHCb 5
STCF at China Central mass energy : Central mass energy : 2 2- -7 7 GeV Peaking Luminosity : Peaking Luminosity : > 0.5 ( (two orders two orders of BEPCII) of BEPCII) Potential Potential to increase luminosity and realize beam to increase luminosity and realize beam polarization GeV (BEPCII 2 (BEPCII 2- -4.7 GeV) > 0.5 10 1035 cm- -2 2s s- -1 1at 4 GeV 4.7 GeV) at 4 GeV 35 cm Deliver at least Deliver at least 1 ab 1 ab- -1 1/year /year data data 6 polarization
Charmonium(-like) Spectroscopy Tasks : Tasks : Precisely measurement Precisely measurement the the transition transition Search for the Search for the missing states states Understand the nature Understand the nature of of unknown states unknown states Search for the Search for the new exotic states exotic states missing ? ? new Very Very activity for exotic hadron for exotic hadron Remarkable developments Remarkable developments : the anticipate the rich anticipate the rich charmonium activity and large and large progress progress in past decades, a in past decades, a new territory new territory : the fail fail of hadron models to of hadron models to spectrum of hidden hidden- -charm states charmonium spectrum of charm states 7
Charmonium(-Like) Production Prominently Prominently produced in the produced in the ?+? collision others complementary.. others complementary.. collision and and B decay B decay, , STCF : XYZ STCF : XYZ- -Meson factory Meson factory Expected event number Expected event number per year per year at STCF at STCF Opportunities : Opportunities : Precision Argand plot analysis Precision Argand plot analysis Precise mass and width measurements Precise mass and width measurements Rare decays and new states searching Rare decays and new states searching 8
Searching for 1--Hybrid 1 -Hybrid may produce directly in ?+? e+e-collision, and radiative decay to spin-zero charmonium states [in Hybrid, cc in spin-singlet, LQCD by Dudek 09] Assume (e+e Hccg) O(10 100) pb [???] B(Hccg c) 2 B(Hccg c0) 4 10-4 Scan between 4-5 GeV for 1 year (1 ab-1), search for exotic structure in process e+e cand c0 Assume B 10% for cand c0decay to +hadrons With 100 energy points between 4-5 GeV Nobs( c)=O(4-40) events/point/year at peak Nobs( c0)=O(2-20) events/point/year at peak 9
Competition with Belle-II @ 4.26 GeV for + -J/ BESIII = 46%, Belle = 10% B factory : B factory : Total integrate effective luminosity between 4 Total integrate effective luminosity between 4- -5 GeV is for 50 ab for 50 ab- -1 1data data - -C factory C factory : scan in 4 : scan in 4- -5 GeV, 10 MeV/step, every point have 5 GeV, 10 MeV/step, every point have 10 fb 5 time 5 time of Belle II for 50 ab of Belle II for 50 ab- -1 1data data - -C factory C factory have have higher efficiency and low background higher efficiency and low background than B Factory 0.23 ab- -1 1 5 GeV is 0.23 ab 10 fb- -1 1/year, /year, than B Factory 10
Light hadrons Glueballs Glueballs, hybrids, exotic states , hybrids, exotic states searching are hadrons scope, but hadrons scope, but challenged challenged obviously. Great Great progress progress on on Lattie Lattie QCD searching are greatly motivated greatly motivated in light obviously. QCD, more experimental inputs are necessary , more experimental inputs are necessary in light Charmonium Charmonium decays is an hunting ground hunting ground Glue Glue- -rich rich Clean and high statistics sample Clean and high statistics sample I ( I (J Jpc ) filter in strong decays decays is an ideal ideal process process pc) filter in strong decays 11
STCF : factory 3T J/ or 500B Systematic study of Systematic study of glueball Precision multi Precision multi- -variable analysis Comprehensive measurement of all possible decay modes, e.g. J/ Comprehensive measurement of all possible decay modes, e.g. J/ Light hadrons Light hadrons / / factory factory : important role in low energy QCD : important role in low energy QCD /year glueball, hybrid and conventional spectroscopy , hybrid and conventional spectroscopy variable analysis 1T J/ 1T J/ Baryon Baryon spectroscopy spectroscopy Hyperon Hyperon decays : CP asymmetry violation decays : CP asymmetry violation 3T J/ 3T J/ 12
Vector Mesons ? ? J JPC PDG: PDG: (2000), ? [2.0, 3.0]GeV [2.0, 3.0]GeV: study of Unobserved Unobserved ? ? mesons Many Many omitted omitted PDG2020 PDG2020 PC=1 =1-- --vectors can be produced directly vectors can be produced directly (2000), (2270), (2270), (1900), : study of * *, , * * and mesons from summary table or further from summary table or further states in (1900), (2205), (2205), (2290), w and * * (2290), w (2330). more need (2330). more need states in 13
(2150) and (2170) (2150) (2150): inconsistent between : inconsistent between e e+ +e e- -, , ??, s , s- - channel channel ?? and p and p- -p experiments p experiments (2170) (2170): : candi candidate date for for ? ?g hybrid, 2 ? ? , , tetraquark tetraquark, molecular state , molecular state ? ?, , f f0 0(980) resonance with FSI, three body system resonance with FSI, three body system KK (2150) g hybrid, 23 3D D1 1or or 3 33 3S S1 1 (980) KK (2170) STCF : STCF : Based on isospin and OZI rule, precisely measure resonances Based on isospin and OZI rule, precisely measure resonances parameters, and decay strength, e.g. parameters, and decay strength, e.g. (2170) @ Comprehensive study of decays Comprehensive study of decays Complicate intermediate states, large sample and PWA are necessary Complicate intermediate states, large sample and PWA are necessary (2170) @ e.g. e e.g. e+ + e e- - KK KK , , KK KK 14
Charmed hadrons Charmed hadron Spectroscopy provide an ideal role in studying the Charmed hadron Spectroscopy provide an ideal role in studying the dynamics dynamics of the light quarks in of the light quarks in the environment of a heavy quark the environment of a heavy quark, , + ?? ? + ?? Mesons : Mesons : only 1S and 1P states are found, almost of all others are only 1S and 1P states are found, almost of all others are missing Many excited states are reported in experiment, but still Many excited states are reported in experiment, but still controversial on the existence or their natures existence or their natures : : ??? Baryons : Baryons : J Jp ps have not measured yet, except for the s have not measured yet, except for the ? The The spectroscopy spectroscopy need fill need fill STCF : STCF : CME up to 7GeV CME up to 7GeV, , Clean, threshold production, e.g. Clean, threshold production, e.g. ?+? ? ? ( ), , ? ? missing controversial on the ???? , , ???(????) (????), , ??? + 15 ( ), ,
Activities and Progress Form the organization, build up working group (2018) Form the organization, build up working group (2018) Regular meeting, very active Regular meeting, very active Toward to have Toward to have CDR and and TDR TDR in in 5 5- -7 years CDR 7 years 16
Preliminary CDR Three volumes Three volumes (Physics, Accelerator and Detector), will (Physics, Accelerator and Detector), will released released (Physics/Detector) before (Physics/Detector) before the end of this year the end of this year 17 17
International Collaboration SCT at SCT at Novosibirsk Novosibirsk, Russia of Nuclear Physics Long history .. of Nuclear Physics Long history .. , Russia Budker Budker Institute Institute Carry out Carry out joint joint efforts on efforts on R&D R&D for some key technology, for some key technology, joint meeting joint meeting monthly monthly Joint workshop : China, Russia, Europe Joint workshop : China, Russia, Europe 2018 UCAS , Novosibirsk , 2018 UCAS , Novosibirsk , Orsay 2019 Moscow 2019 Moscow 2020 (Guangzhou, China) online 2020 (Guangzhou, China) online Others efforts Others efforts FTOF for PID (LAL) FTOF for PID (LAL) uRwell uRwell for inner tracking ( for inner tracking (Frascati Accelerator Lattice (KEK) Accelerator Lattice (KEK) Orsay Frascati ) ) 18
Summary Physics at Physics at - -c energy region is c energy region is abundant hadron spectroscopy and test QCD hadron spectroscopy and test QCD A super A super - -c facility (STCF) is c facility (STCF) is nature extension BEPCII/BESIII and BEPCII/BESIII and a viable option China China Great progress Great progress has has achieved for feasibility study of achieved for feasibility study of STCF Strategy & Plan Strategy & Plan Intend Intend to have a to have a CDR CDR and and TDR in five years Construction site: Currently open Construction site: Currently open abundant, and is , and is unique unique for the for the nature extension of a viable option for post of BEPCII era in for post- -BEPCII era in STCF TDR in five years 19
Tentative Schedule 2031- 2040 2041- 2042 2018 20192020 2021 2022 20232024 2025 20262027 2028 20292030 Form Form International International Collaboration Collaboration Conception Conception Design Report ( Report (CDR Technical Technical Design Report ( Report (TDR Construction Construction Commissioning Commissioning Upgrade Upgrade Design CDR) ) Design TDR) ) 20
Funding Support USTC USTC : Initial funds : Initial funds 15M CNY (2018 15M CNY (2018- -2020) CAS CAS : Program for cultivation of international big science program : Program for cultivation of international big science program 6M CNY (2021 6M CNY (2021- -2025) 2025) NSFC NSFC : Key technology R&D : Key technology R&D 3 Key programs + several general programs 3 Key programs + several general programs 10 M CNY 2020) 10 M CNY Seeking for the funding support on R&D from MOST, CAS and local Seeking for the funding support on R&D from MOST, CAS and local goverment goverment 21
Budget Estimation R&D : 250M CNY, Construction : 4 B CNY (Very Rough) 22
Candidate Site : Hefei One of three One of three integrated national science centers integrated national science centers, which will play important role in important role in Megascience Megascience of China in near future , which will play of China in near future University of Science and University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) Technology of China (USTC) National Synchrotron Radiation National Synchrotron Radiation Lab and Hefei Light Source, Lab and Hefei Light Source, operated by USTC operated by USTC The only National Lab operated The only National Lab operated by University in China. (Totally by University in China. (Totally Four officially approved National Four officially approved National Labs in China) Labs in China) Hefei Integrated National Science Center Pay a lot of attention on Pay a lot of attention on accelerator Hefei Advanced light source Hefei Advanced light source is under design STCF is listed in STCF is listed in future plan future plan accelerator facilities is under design facilities 23
Candidate Site : Canton Institute of Modern Physics, CAS, proposed building Institute of Modern Physics, CAS, proposed building HIAF In Huizhou, Canton In Huizhou, Canton HIAF- -EicC EicC Exploring Exploring feasibility Complementarity Complementarity in physics Sharing Sharing e e- -ring and infrastructure ring and infrastructure Joint Joint R&D and Key technologies R&D and Key technologies feasibility and Proton/Ion and strategy strategy in physics Electron Positron EicC EicC IP-1 EicC IP-2 ERL-cooling STCF HFRS SRing Positron Damping Ring EicC Ion-Ring STCF IP EicC E-Ring HIAF BRing STCF E-Ring STCF Positron-Ring SECR iLinac Electron/Positron Accelerator E-Injector 24 A Hadron Physics Internal Center ? A Hadron Physics Internal Center ?
Accelerator based project in China Consensus in HEP community in China (about accelerator based particle Consensus in HEP community in China (about accelerator based particle physics project) physics project) Web of Division of High energy physics, Chinese Physics Society Web of Division of High energy physics, Chinese Physics Society http://www.ihep.cas.cn/xh/gnwlxh/zxdt/ http://www.ihep.cas.cn/xh/gnwlxh/zxdt/ Unanimity to consent to Unanimity to consent to support R&D of support R&D of STCF STCF, it is , it is necessary to carry out the R&D to carry out the R&D CEPC CEPC and are the are the viable options viable options Carry out the work in both Carry out the work in both high energy frontier and high energy frontier and intensive luminosity intensive luminosity frontier frontier and HIEPA (STCF) HIEPA (STCF) necessary 25
