Gender and Tolerance to Violence in Latvian Media: Analyzing Frames and Perceptions
The gender and
tolerance to violence:
mass media debate in
Latvia
Dr. Ilze Mileiko, University of Latvia
Project: Strengthening families, communities and
relationships: anthropological perspectives on violence.
Project funded by the Latvian Council of Science (project no.
lzp-2018/1-0068)
The aim
•
My presentation will explain how articles and
comments frame tolerance of violence in Latvia
and how ideas on gender included there.
•
Tolerance of violence is support, justification of
violence or positive assessment of it.
Methodology
•
The presentation will be based on media
analysis 3166 from between 2010 and 2018
using frame analysis.
•
Frames define problems, diagnose causes, make
moral judgments, and suggest remedies.
How they
tolerate
violence?
•
That violence is part of human’/men’s nature;
•
That violence is a result of love and care;
•
Direct support being given to violence and
blaming the victim;
•
Punishing violence should be violent;
•
Female violence to man is funny;
•
Reporting is an errant practice and family
conflict needs to be deal with discreetly.
Naturalizing
violence
•
“'Naturalizing violence” is a frame that used in
data pool 480 times, it explains violent behavior
in the context of human nature comparing
humans with different animals.
•
Believe, that real men should be violent
because violence related to his biology and
genetic;
Violence is a
result of love
and care
•
Justify, even ask aggressivity and violence by
specific perception include idea, that violence is
related with love and care.
•
The violence in family is mostly justified with
saying if someone beats you, then he loves you.
Blaming the
victim for
violence
•
Blaming victims are most the common frame on
tolerance of violence that often used in
comments. It is used 965 times.
•
Many below the line commentators believe that
victim deserves the violence to him/her due to
his or her own attitude or behavior or may even
enjoy it.
•
This frame make visible traditional gender
norms.
Punishing for
violent person
should be
violent
•
This is specific frame, that used in data base at
least 1542 times speaking about what should be
done with violent persons.
•
This frame mostly used to speak about
criminals and teenagers, that do not respect
existed social order. This frame show that
violence can be used to maintain existing social
order.
•
Active position and will to punish violent person
violently and aggressively are demonstration of
masculine domination;
Female
violence to
man is funny
•
Tolerance to violence in Latvia includes idea,
that female violence to man is funny. It is mostly
included in a joke, where the content
questioned man masculinity.
•
In a lot of situations silenced situations when
men suffer from violence in families, the
reasons If he will ask for help, he can become
object of jokes, because he doesn’t realize his
role in family.
•
In commentaries persons recognize a lot of
situation when some male is facing emotional
or physical violence, but in public this topic is
not discussed because the existing gender roles
and tradition do not allow for men to complain.
Reporting is
wrong
practice and
conflict need
to be deal
quietly
•
Informing the police is a wrong practice because
conflict need quieter resolution. The reason for
hiding violence is shame for an institution and
the victim. This frame used when speaking
about ignorance of children punishing, domestic
violence and conflicts in schools.
Conclusion
•
Analyzing the violence tolerance in electronic media in Latvia we find different
possibilities how tolerance can be practiced, but it is closely related to human
believes.
•
We see that tolerance is closely related to ideas about gender roles and to
prevent the tolerance there are need to work with human believes on gender.
•
Crucially, the tolerance of violence included gender structures, where person for
that do not perform his/her gender role correctly society ask for punishment. In
this context victim is blamed.
•
Sometimes debate on violence is place where masculinity or femininity are
presented, for example dominant masculinity.
This presentation delves into the discourse surrounding tolerance of violence in Latvia, examining how media articles and comments frame the issue in relation to gender norms. Through analyzing data from 2010 to 2018, it explores frames that justify violence, blame victims, and even humorize female violence towards men. The study uncovers the prevalence of frames such as naturalizing violence and justifying violence as an expression of love and care, shedding light on societal attitudes towards violence in different contexts.
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Presentation Transcript
The gender and tolerance to violence: mass media debate in Latvia Dr. Ilze Mileiko, University of Latvia Project: Strengthening families, communities and relationships: anthropological perspectives on violence. Project funded by the Latvian Council of Science (project no. lzp-2018/1-0068)
My presentation will explain how articles and comments frame tolerance of violence in Latvia and how ideas on gender included there. The aim Tolerance of violence is support, justification of violence or positive assessment of it.
The presentation will be based on media analysis 3166 from between 2010 and 2018 using frame analysis. Frames define problems, diagnose causes, make moral judgments, and suggest remedies. Methodology
That violence is part of human/mens nature; That violence is a result of love and care; Direct support being given to violence and blaming the victim; Punishing violence should be violent; Female violence to man is funny; Reporting is an errant practice and family conflict needs to be deal with discreetly. How they tolerate violence?
'Naturalizing violence is a frame that used in data pool 480 times, it explains violent behavior in the context of human nature comparing humans with different animals. Naturalizing violence Believe, that real men should be violent because violence related to his biology and genetic;
Justify, even ask aggressivity and violence by specific perception include idea, that violence is related with love and care. The violence in family is mostly justified with saying if someone beats you, then he loves you. Violence is a result of love and care
Blaming victims are most the common frame on tolerance of violence that often used in comments. It is used 965 times. Blaming the victim for violence Many below the line commentators believe that victim deserves the violence to him/her due to his or her own attitude or behavior or may even enjoy it. This frame make visible traditional gender norms.
This is specific frame, that used in data base at least 1542 times speaking about what should be done with violent persons. Punishing for violent person should be This frame mostly used to speak about criminals and teenagers, that do not respect existed social order. This frame show that violence can be used to maintain existing social order. violent Active position and will to punish violent person violently and aggressively are demonstration of masculine domination;
Tolerance to violence in Latvia includes idea, that female violence to man is funny. It is mostly included in a joke, where the content questioned man masculinity. In a lot of situations silenced situations when men suffer from violence in families, the reasons If he will ask for help, he can become object of jokes, because he doesn t realize his role in family. In commentaries persons recognize a lot of situation when some male is facing emotional or physical violence, but in public this topic is not discussed because the existing gender roles and tradition do not allow for men to complain. Female violence to man is funny
Reporting is wrong practice and conflict need to be deal quietly Informing the police is a wrong practice because conflict need quieter resolution. The reason for hiding violence is shame for an institution and the victim. This frame used when speaking about ignorance of children punishing, domestic violence and conflicts in schools.
Conclusion Analyzing the violence tolerance in electronic media in Latvia we find different possibilities how tolerance can be practiced, but it is closely related to human believes. We see that tolerance is closely related to ideas about gender roles and to prevent the tolerance there are need to work with human believes on gender. Crucially, the tolerance of violence included gender structures, where person for that do not perform his/her gender role correctly society ask for punishment. In this context victim is blamed. Sometimes debate on violence is place where masculinity or femininity are presented, for example dominant masculinity.
