Explore the Fascinating Wonders of Egypt's Ancient Civilization
Egypt, with Cairo as its capital, is a captivating destination in Africa with a population of 100 million. Arabic is the official language, and the currency is the Egyptian pound. Its hot, dry summers and mild winters attract millions of tourists yearly who come to experience its rich culture and historical sites. Key attractions include the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Great Sphinx, the Valley of the Kings, and the Tomb of Tutankhamun, all showcasing the marvels of ancient Egyptian civilization.
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Fact file: Egypt Capital: Cairo Continent: Africa Population: 100 million Official language: Arabic Currency: Egyptian pound Climate: hot, dry summer; mild winter
Tourism Every year, millions of tourists travel to Egypt on holidays to experience its climate, landscape and culture. A major attraction of Egypt is the history of its ancient civilisation.
The Great Pyramid of Giza The Great Pyramid of Giza near Cairo is a major tourist attraction in Egypt. It was built for Pharaoh Khufu, to be used as his tomb. It was completed in 2560 BC. It is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The Great Pyramid of Giza It took 30,000 men over 20 years to build it. 2.3 million blocks of stone were used. Each block weighed over 2,000 kg. The blocks were transported up the Nile from a nearby quarry. It was an engineering feat that still fascinates us today!
The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx of Giza was built around 2500 BC for Pharaoh Khafre. It was carved from a single piece of limestone that was left behind after workers dug a quarry. The sphinx has the head of a man, but the body of a lion. Cats of all kinds were greatly respected in Ancient Egypt.
Valley of the Kings The Valley of the Kings on the west bank of the Nile is famous for its royal tombs. From around 1500 BC onwards, most pharaohs were buried here.
Valley of the Kings To date, 63 tombs have been discovered. Some are like small holes dug into the mountainside, but others have large, extravagant chambers. They offer tourists the opportunity to explore the treasures and mysteries of the Ancient Egyptian Empire.
The Tomb of Tutankhamun The most famous of the tombs is that of Pharaoh Tutankhamun. It was discovered in 1922 by the archaeologist Howard Carter. The tomb had been untouched and well preserved for thousands of years.
The Tomb of Tutankhamun Inside the tomb, Carter found astonishing artefacts, including the mummy of Tutankhamun and a solid gold death mask and coffin. The tomb has several chambers, including the burial chamber, an antechamber and a treasure chamber.
Hieroglyphs The Ancient Egyptians invented a system of writing called hieroglyphs containing more than 700 symbols. Some of these symbols represented an object, others represented a letter. The walls of a pharaoh s tomb were often covered with hieroglyphs telling stories about their life.
Egypts climate Ancient history is not the only reason tourists choose Egypt; they come for the hot climate too. Egypt s picturesque seaside locations are popular for sun holidays. A good example of a seaside destination is Sharm El Sheikh on the Red Sea.
River Nile Tourists can also take a boat tour down the River Nile. The River Nile runs the length of Egypt and is the longest river in the world, stretching 6,650 km.
Sandboarding Egypt lies in the Sahara Desert. The Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world. Many tourists visit the desert to experience the landscape or to go sandboarding.
Cairo Some tourists enjoy the hustle and bustle of Egypt s capital city, Cairo. This is a wonderful place to soak up Egyptian culture, try the local food, visit museums, explore markets and bazaars and do some holiday shopping!
Illustrations Shutterstock Beehive
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