Evolutionary Journey: From Spontaneous Generation to Endosymbiont Theory
ORIGINS OF LIFE
EARLY IDEAS
I. SPONTANEOUS GENERATION:(NOT REJECTED UNTIL THE MID 1800S)
-LIFE ARISES FROM NON LIVING MATERIAL
-
FRANCESCO
REDI
, AN ITALIAN SCIENTIST, IN 1668 TESTED THE IDEA THAT FLIES
AROSE SPONTANEOUSLY FROM ROTTING MEAT. (SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY NOT
ALL CONVINCED)
EARLY IDEAS
II.
THEORY OF BIOGENESIS:
•
LIVING THINGS CAN ONLY PRODUCE LIVING THINGS
•
LOUIS
PASTEUR
DESIGNED AN EXPERIMENT TO SHOW THAT BIOGENESIS
WAS TRUE EVEN FOR MICROORGANISMS
MODERN IDEAS: MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT
SIMPLE MOLECULE FORMATION:
•
1943 STANLEY MILLER AND HAROLD UREY:
MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT
ADD THE PICTURE TO YOUR NOTES AND
LIST THE STEPS IN THEIR EXPERIMENT
(WATCH VIDEO)
MILLER UREY VIDEO
MODERN IDEAS: MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT
PURPOSE:
DEMONSTRATE THE FORMATION OF SIMPLE ORGANIC
MOLECULES FROM INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
RESULTS:
EXPERIMENT PRODUCED SEVERAL AMINO ACIDS-
SUGGESTED THAT EARLY EARTH HAD SUBSTANCES THAT COULD
PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THEN LIVING THINGS.
MODERN IDEAS
•
ONCE AMINO ACIDS WERE FORMED, PROTEINS ARE NEEDED FOR LIFE-
SCIENTISTS THINK CLAY PARTICLES COULD HOLD AA TOGETHER TO FORM
PROTEINS
•
EARLY GENETIC MATERIAL-RNA
•
SCIENTISTS ARE WORKING TO
DISCOVER HOW ORGANIC MOLECULES
BECAME CELLS
CELLULAR EVOLUTION
•
FIRST CELLS WERE PROBABLY PROKARYOTIC
•
ARCHAEA (MODERN PROKARYOTES) ARE PROBABLY THE CLOSEST
RELATIVES OF MODERN CELLS
•
CYANOBACTERIA-PRIMITIVE PROKARYOTES-AUTOTROPHS-PRODUCED
OXYGEN TO FORM OZONE LAYER-ALTERS CONDITIONS ON EARTH FOR
EUKARYOTIC CELLS TO SURVIVE
AMOEBA SISTERS ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY
ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY
•
1966, LYNN MARGULIS, ANCESTORS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS LIVED IN
ASSOCIATION WITH PROKARYOTIC CELLS-POSSIBLY INSIDE-DEVELOPED
MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP
•
EVIDENCE:
•
MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS HAVE THEIR OWN DNA AND
RIBOSOMES SIMILAR TO PROKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES
•
MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS REPRODUCE BY FISSION (LIKE
PROKARYOTIC CELLS)
VIEW: ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY-CONCEPTS IN MOTION (ONLINE TEXT)
ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY
Explore the fascinating evolution of life from early beliefs in spontaneous generation to the modern Miller-Urey experiments demonstrating simple organic molecule formation. Learn about the transition to biogenesis theory, cellular evolution, and the groundbreaking endosymbiont theory proposed by Lynn Margulis in 1966. Uncover key milestones in the understanding of life's origins and the role of prokaryotic cells in shaping the diversity and complexity of life forms we see today.
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Presentation Transcript
EARLY IDEAS I. SPONTANEOUS GENERATION:(NOT REJECTED UNTIL THE MID 1800S) -LIFE ARISES FROM NON LIVING MATERIAL -FRANCESCO REDI, AN ITALIAN SCIENTIST, IN 1668 TESTED THE IDEA THAT FLIES AROSE SPONTANEOUSLY FROM ROTTING MEAT. (SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY NOT ALL CONVINCED)
EARLY IDEAS II. THEORY OF BIOGENESIS: LIVING THINGS CAN ONLY PRODUCE LIVING THINGS LOUIS PASTEUR DESIGNED AN EXPERIMENT TO SHOW THAT BIOGENESIS WAS TRUE EVEN FOR MICROORGANISMS
MODERN IDEAS: MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT SIMPLE MOLECULE FORMATION: 1943 STANLEY MILLER AND HAROLD UREY: MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT ADD THE PICTURE TO YOUR NOTES AND LIST THE STEPS IN THEIR EXPERIMENT (WATCH VIDEO)MILLER UREY VIDEO
MODERN IDEAS: MILLER-UREY EXPERIMENT PURPOSE: DEMONSTRATE THE FORMATION OF SIMPLE ORGANIC MOLECULES FROM INORGANIC COMPOUNDS RESULTS: EXPERIMENT PRODUCED SEVERAL AMINO ACIDS- SUGGESTED THAT EARLY EARTH HAD SUBSTANCES THAT COULD PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND THEN LIVING THINGS.
MODERN IDEAS ONCE AMINO ACIDS WERE FORMED, PROTEINS ARE NEEDED FOR LIFE- SCIENTISTS THINK CLAY PARTICLES COULD HOLD AA TOGETHER TO FORM PROTEINS EARLY GENETIC MATERIAL-RNA SCIENTISTS ARE WORKING TO DISCOVER HOW ORGANIC MOLECULES BECAME CELLS
CELLULAR EVOLUTION FIRST CELLS WERE PROBABLY PROKARYOTIC ARCHAEA (MODERN PROKARYOTES) ARE PROBABLY THE CLOSEST RELATIVES OF MODERN CELLS CYANOBACTERIA-PRIMITIVE PROKARYOTES-AUTOTROPHS-PRODUCED OXYGEN TO FORM OZONE LAYER-ALTERS CONDITIONS ON EARTH FOR EUKARYOTIC CELLS TO SURVIVE AMOEBA SISTERS ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY
ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY 1966, LYNN MARGULIS, ANCESTORS OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS LIVED IN ASSOCIATION WITH PROKARYOTIC CELLS-POSSIBLY INSIDE-DEVELOPED MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP EVIDENCE: MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS HAVE THEIR OWN DNA AND RIBOSOMES SIMILAR TO PROKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS REPRODUCE BY FISSION (LIKE PROKARYOTIC CELLS) VIEW: ENDOSYMBIONT THEORY-CONCEPTS IN MOTION (ONLINE TEXT)
