Evolution of GEO-CAPE: Leveraging TEMPO for Atmospheric Observations
The GEO-CAPE mission, defined in the Earth Science Decadal Survey of 2007, aims to provide high-resolution observations from geostationary Earth orbit to monitor North American air and water quality. NASA's TEMPO instrument, selected in November 2012, plays a crucial role in achieving GEO-CAPE's objectives. However, challenges exist in meeting aerosol objectives due to TEMPO's resolution limitations. Efforts are focused on synergizing TEMPO with GOES-R for comprehensive aerosol monitoring. The GEO-CAPE team is exploring synergistic retrievals and potential missions, such as the GCIRI instrument, to enhance atmospheric science. Progress reports indicate advancements in utilizing different instruments for aerosol research, with a focus on meeting GEO-CAPE's objectives effectively.
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GEO-CAPE to TEMPO GEO-CAPE mission defined in 2007 Earth Science Decadal Survey Provide high temporal & spatial resolution observations from geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) to resolve diurnal evolution of North American air and water quality TEMPO selected 11/2012 as NASA s first Earth Venture Instrument!!! NASA HQ gave a partial change of direction to the GEO-CAPE Study Team in the 1/2013 annual guidance letter: The TEMPO instrument will likely achieve a significant portion of the GEO-CAPE measurement objectives Specific guidance included: 1. Define the atmospheric composition instrument suite for the GEO-CAPE mission in light of the defined science of the TEMPO instrument. 2. Continue to develop and apply OSSE tools to demonstrate the expected impact of the GEO-CAPE atmosphere observations, including the TEMPO observations. 1/2014 annual guidance letter was more specific regarding aerosol Support a program study to determine what would be the best approach to develop potential synergistic research aerosol products. The TEMPO/GOES-R/VIIRS combination suggested by the GEO-CAPE team would be a possible example to start with. Continue to define how TEMPO can be leveraged to complete GEO-CAPE science at minimum additional cost 1
Progress In 2013, GEO-CAPE team completed its Analysis of Alternatives given TEMPO Aerosol WG summarized status and assumptions for GEO-CAPE aerosol From the AWG studies, clear that GEO-CAPE aerosol objectives cannot be 100% met by TEMPO, mainly due to TEMPO s coarser resolution (and lack of IR band) GEO-CAPE ocean color instrument could well meet GEO-CAPE aerosol objectives in coastal regions It is unlikely we will get a dedicated GEO instrument for GEO-CAPE aerosol Therefore, we need to focus on achieving GEO-CAPE aerosol objectives by synergy between TEMPO and GOES-R GOES-R: high pixel resolution (1-km), cloud mask, good for dark target land and ocean TEMPO: will be able to get AOD over bright surface, provide AI, and obtain SSA Combo: more aerosol retrieval quantity and coverage There is also a multi-angle concept (GOES-R West TEMPO GOES-R East) to retrieve additional aerosol properties 2
Progress Possibilities identified by the GEO-CAPE Aerosol Working Group in 2013 Use GOES-R standard visible AOD product (should have similar quality as MODIS C5 DT) as a constraint for TEMPO retrieval of aerosol height and SSA (i.e. Satheesh et al. paper using MODIS AOD) Use MAIAC algorithm to perform GOES-R AOD retrieval, then use the visible AOD for TEMPO retrieval of aerosol height and SSA Joint retrieval considering UV-IR spectral range? GEO-CAPE team reported results of its Analysis of Alternatives to HQ at end of 2013 The GEO-CAPE Atmospheric Composition Instrument Suite can be clearly defined as TEMPO plus a GEO-CAPE InfraRed Instrument (GCIRI) GCIRI measurements concurrent with TEMPO will meet all GEO-CAPE science objectives at low cost High confidence GCIRI can be accomplished as EV-size mission (selectable proposals exist) Synergistic retrievals combining TEMPO, GOES-R/S, VIIRS, and other observations (PACE?) have potential to advance aerosol science even beyond GEO-CAPE goals Community considered TEMPO the first component/phase of GEO-CAPE 3
GEO-CAPE Science Treaceability Matrix (Fishman et al., BAMS, 2012) 4
GEO-CAPE STM Aerosol Requirements (Fishman et al., BAMS, 2012) Measurement Objectives Baseline: AOD, AAOD, AI, AOCH, hourly, 4km x 4km at center of domain Descope options: degrade resolution to 8km x 8km, eliminate cloud camera, eliminate AOCH, AAOD, AI Measurement Requirements Cloud Camera, 1km x 1km, two spectral bands Vertical Information Altitude +/-1km AOCH Spectral Region Vis (AOD), UV-deep blue (AAOD, AI), Vis-NIR* (AOCH) [*depending on technique eg O2- O2, O2-A, O2-B] Species Time resolution Typical Value Precision Description AOD Hourly, SZA<70 0.1 1 0.05 Observe total aerosol; aerosol sources and transport; climate forcing AAOD Hourly, SZA<70 0 0.05 0.02 Distinguish smoke and dust from non-UV absorbing aerosols; climate forcing AI Hourly, SZA<70 -1 +5 0.1 Detect aerosols near/above clouds and over snow/ice; aerosol events AOCH Hourly, SZA<70 Variable 1 km Determine plume height; large scale transport, conversions from AOD to PM 5
